2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Information Physics of Biological Adaptations
| Project Area | Information physics of living matters |
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| Project/Area Number |
19H05799
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Complex systems
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-06-28 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 適応現象 / 理論生物学 / 学習理論 / 化学熱力学 / 非平衡熱力学 / 強化学習 / 最適制御 / 生物物理学 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Based on information thermodynamics, we have developed a theoretical framework that integrates various biological functions: chemical reaction systems, cellular information processing, learning, and evolution. For intracellular reactions, a general theory of equilibrium and non-equilibrium chemical thermodynamics was established based on the Hessian geometry, which was applied to analyze the thermodynamics of self-replication. For single-cell information processing, bacterial chemotaxis was formalized using theories of optimal filtering and control to elucidate its optimality. For the multicellular phenomena, we constructed theories for populational information processing by cells, reinforcement learning of adaptive immunity, and evolution with learning agents. These results significantly advance the establishment of a theory for information physics that captures diverse adaptive phenomena in living systems.
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| Free Research Field |
定量生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
生命は工学では未だ実現できない多様な機能や情報処理を実現する。その機能的な最適性や熱力学的な効率を理解するためには、反応レベルから多細胞レベルまで多様な生命機能を階層を超えて捉える理論が必要になる。本研究では特に、細胞内の非平衡反応、1細胞の化学情報処理、そして多細胞の集団情報処理や進化の過程を包括的に捉える情報物理学理論の構築に成功した。このような理論を活用そして発展させることにより、生命の設計原理を物理と情報の観点から理解するだけでなく、確率環境下でも頑健に機能するシステムの設計、熱力学的に高効率なシステムの実現、生命に学ぶ新たな情報処理原理の発見などにつながることが期待される。
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