Competition between the host and virus in the target tissues

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project Area: Molecular basis of host cell competency in virus infection
• Project/Area Number: 24115006
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Review Section: Biological Sciences
• Research Institution: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
• Principal Investigator: KOIKE Satoshi 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, ゲノム医科学研究分野, 参事研究員 (30195630)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): FUJII Ken 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, ゲノム医科学研究分野, 主席研究員 (10580201)
• Research Collaborator: KOBAYASHI Kyosuke 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, ゲノム医科学研究分野, 主任研究員 ; NAGATA Noriyo 国立感染症研究所, 感染病理部, 室長 ; STAEHELI Peter University of Freiburg, University Medical Center Freiburg,Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Viroloty and Hygiene, Professor ; Wong Kum Thong Malaya University, Department of Pathology, Professor
• Project Period (FY): 2012-06-28 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 感染症 / ウイルス受容体 / 自然免疫 / 感染症モデル動物

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Viruses infect preferentially in their target tissues. The target tissues are determined by competition between the viruses and the host factors. Host factors that support virus replication such as viral receptors and those that inhibit virus replication such as interferon (IFN) system are considered to be most important factors.
Using poliovirus receptor transgenic mice and IFN-lambda receptor knockout mice, we have shown that IFN-lambda plays an important role in protection of poliovirus infection in the alimentary tract. Scavenger receptor B2 (SCARB2) and heparan sulfate-proteoglycan (HS-PG) are known as receptors for enterovirus 71 (EV71). We have shown that SCARB2 determines the host range specificity of EV71 by producing SCARB2 transgenic mice. On the other hannd, HS-PG reduced the viral replication and pathogenicity in SCARB2tg mice.

Free Research Field

ウイルス学