2013 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
Project Area | Evolution of molecules in space: from interstellar clouds to proto-planetary nebulae |
Project/Area Number |
25108006
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Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
Principal Investigator |
圦本 尚義 北海道大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 教授 (80191485)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
奈良岡 浩 九州大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 教授 (20198386)
三田 肇 福岡工業大学, 工学部, 教授 (00282301)
濱瀬 健司 九州大学, 薬学研究科(研究院), 准教授 (10284522)
高野 淑識 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構, その他部局等, 研究員 (80399815)
伊藤 正一 京都大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 准教授 (60397023)
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Project Period (FY) |
2013-06-28 – 2018-03-31
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Keywords | 地球化学 / 宇宙科学 / 惑星起源・進化 / 分析化学 |
Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
星間分子雲には複雑な分子の存在が確認され,隕石等の地球外物質中に水素や窒素の重い同位体が濃集した有機物が存在し,これらの関連が指摘されている.しかし,宇宙空間において同位体濃縮がどのようなプロセスでできたかは明らかではなく,生成過程と分子構造との関係についての研究は少ない. 本研究では,難燃性有機物から可溶性有機物まで極微量有機物に対して,網羅的に分子構造を同定し,同位体を含め世界最高感度で分析する手法を開発し,実験班と協力して合成する濃縮同位体をトレーサーとした分子雲・原始惑星系模擬有機物の定性定量分析,有機化合物単位の構造解析・同位体分析を行うことにより,分子雲,原始惑星系での有機物生成過程と分子構造との関係を解明する.地球外物質中の極微量有機化合物に同様の分析方法を適用し,隕石有機物分子と分子雲分子・原始惑星系分子をリンクする新しいマーカー分子・マーカー官能基を探索する.本年度は以下の研究成果が得られた. 高分解能UHPLC-MS/MSシステムの立ち上げを開始し,宇宙有機物の精密質量分析法の開発に着手した.Murchison隕石の極性有機物画分の液体クロマトグラフ高質量分解能質量分析によって、さまざまなアルキルピリジン類を検出した.多くの異性体が存在するアルキルピリジン類は今まで報告されたことがなく、アルデヒドとアンモニアのチチバビン型の合成によって、隕石母天体上で生成したものと考えられる.物質の起源や進化の履歴を読み解く目的で物質全体のバルク情報(様々な混成成分の平均値)から個々の分子レベルでの情報を掘り下げ、種々の湿式操作およびクロマトグラフ法、質量分析法の技術開発と分析条件の最適化を進めた.同位体顕微鏡による水素と窒素の同位体局所分析法の開発を標準有機物質BBOTを用いて行った.
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Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.
Reason
本年度の研究計画通り有機物精密質量分析用の質量分析装置の導入立ち上げに成功し,多種のアルキルピリジン数を隕石中から検出に成功した.合成有機物の同位体局所分析の立ち上げも良好であるため.
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Strategy for Future Research Activity |
実験班と合同で作成する宇宙模擬有機物を同位体顕微鏡で確認後,その精密質量分析を行っていく方策である.
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[Journal Article] Development of an ultra-high performance multi-turn TOF-SIMS/SNMS System “MULTUM-SIMS/SNMS”.2013
Author(s)
Ebata, S., Ishihara, M., Kumondai, K., Mibuka, R., Uchino, K. and Yurimoto, H.
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Journal Title
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Volume: 24
Pages: 222-229
DOI
Peer Reviewed
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[Journal Article] Sulfide-rich dunite within a thick Moho transition zone of the northern Oman ophiolite: implications for the origin of Cyprus-type sulfide deposits.2013
Author(s)
Negishi, H., Arai, S., Yurimoto, H., Ito, S., Ishimaru, S., Tamura, A. and Akizawa, N.
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Journal Title
Lithos
Volume: 164-167
Pages: 23-25
DOI
Peer Reviewed
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[Journal Article] XANES and Mg isotopic analyses of spinels in Ca-Al-rich inclusions: Evidence for formation under oxidizing conditions2013
Author(s)
Paque, J. M., Sutton, S. R., Simon, S. B., Beckett, J. R., Burnett, D. S., Grossman, L., Yurimoto, H., Itoh, S. and Connolly, H. C.
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Journal Title
Meteoritics & Planetary Science
Volume: 48
Pages: 2015-2043
DOI
Peer Reviewed
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[Presentation] Hydrogen isotopes of water in the moon: evidence for the giant impact model from melt inclusions and apatite in apollo rock samples.2014
Author(s)
Greenwood, J. P., Itoh, S., Sakamoto, N., Yanai, K., Singer, J. A. and Yurimoto, H
Organizer
45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
Place of Presentation
ウッドランドマリオットホテル(アメリカ)
Year and Date
2014-03-17 – 2014-03-21
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[Presentation] Development of an isotope nanoscope to examine solar wind helium distribution in extraterrestrial materials.2013
Author(s)
Bajo,K., Itose,S., Matsuya, M., Ishihara, M., Uchino, K., Kudo, M., Sakaguchi, I. and Yurimoto, H.
Organizer
9th International Symposium on Atomic Level Characterizations for New Materials and Devices '13
Place of Presentation
シェラトンコナ(アメリカ)
Year and Date
2013-12-02 – 2013-12-06
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[Presentation] Amino acids in cosmic dusts and carbonaceous chondrites2013
Author(s)
Kensei Kobayashi, Hajime Mita, Taka Kogawa, Takeo Kaneko, Yumiko Obayashi, Yuko Kawaguchi, Kyoko Okudaira, Makoto Tabata, Hikaru Yabuta, Eiichi Imai, Sunao Hasegawa, Hideyuki Kawai, Hajime Yano, Hirofumi Hashimoto, Shin-ichi Yokobori, Akihiko Yamagishi
Organizer
第4回極域科学シンポジウム
Place of Presentation
国立極地研究所(東京都)
Year and Date
2013-11-12 – 2013-11-15
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[Presentation] PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS OF THE HAYABUSA-RETURNED SAMPLES.2013
Author(s)
M. Uesugi, H. Naraoka, F. Kitajima, M. Ito, H. Yabuta, Y. Takano, H. Mita, T. Yada, Y. Karouji, Y. Ishibashi, T. Okada and M. Abe
Organizer
HAYABUSA 2013:Symposium of Solar System Materials
Place of Presentation
JAXA(神奈川県)
Year and Date
2013-10-16 – 2013-10-16
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[Presentation] A MICRO-SPECTROSCOPIC RESEARCH FOR SEVERAL STONY AND CATEGORY 3 (ORGANIC) PARTICLES.2013
Author(s)
F. Kitajima, M. Kotsugi, T. Ohkochi, H. Naraoka, Y. Ishibashi, M. Uesugi, Y. Karouji, M. Abe, A. Fujimura, T. Yada, R. Okazaki, T. Nakamura, T. Noguchi, K. Nagao, A. Tsuchiyama, H. Yurimoto, M. Ebihara, M. Ito, H. Yabuta, H. Mita, Y. Takano, 他7名
Organizer
HAYABUSA 2013:Symposium of Solar System Materials
Place of Presentation
JAXA(神奈川県)
Year and Date
2013-10-16 – 2013-10-16
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[Presentation] H, C and N isotopic compositions of HAYABUSA Category 3 organic samples.2013
Author(s)
M. Ito, M. Uesugi, T. Yada, H. Naraoka, H. Yabuta, F.Kitajima, H. Mita, Y. Takano, Y. Karouji, T. Yada, Y.Ishibashi, T. Okada and M. Abe
Organizer
HAYABUSA 2013:Symposium of Solar System Materials
Place of Presentation
JAXA(神奈川県)
Year and Date
2013-10-16 – 2013-10-16
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[Presentation] Development of Laser Ionization Mass Nanoscope and the Applications to Planetary Sciences.2013
Author(s)
Yurimoto, H., Bajo, K., Ishihara, M., Uchino, K., Itose, S., Matsuno, M and Kudo, M.
Organizer
The 19th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS-19)
Place of Presentation
ICC JEJU(韓国)
Year and Date
2013-09-29 – 2013-10-04
Invited
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[Presentation] In-situ analysis of noble gases by using TOF-SNMS.2013
Author(s)
Bajo, K., Itose, S., Matsuya, M., Ishihara, M., Uchino, K., Kudo, M., Sakaguchi, I. and Yurimoto, H.
Organizer
The 19th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS-19)
Place of Presentation
ICC JEJU(韓国)
Year and Date
2013-09-29 – 2013-10-04
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[Presentation] Development of a Novel TOF-Snms to Analyze Sub-Micron Noble Gas Distribution.2013
Author(s)
Bajo, K-I, Itose, S, Matsuya, M, Ishihara, M, Uchino, K, Kudo, M, Sakaguchi, I and Yurimoto, H
Organizer
2013 Goldschmidt Conference
Place of Presentation
Firenze Fiera Congress and exhibition Centre(イタリア)
Year and Date
2013-08-25 – 2013-08-30
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[Presentation] Microbes in clay micro-particles collided with ultra-low density silica aerogel at 4km/s can be detected by uorescence imaging.2013
Author(s)
Yuko Kawaguchi, Tomohiro Sugino, Makoto Tabata, Kyoko Okudaira, Eichi Imai, Masumi Higashide, Sunao Hasegawa, Hajime Yano, Kensei Kobayashi, Hideyuki Kawai, Hikaru Yabuta, Hajime Mita, Shin-ichi Yokobori, and Akihiko Yamagishi
Organizer
13th Europian Workshop on Astrobilogy
Place of Presentation
University of Szczecin(ポーランド)
Year and Date
2013-07-22 – 2013-07-25
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[Presentation] TANPOPO mission: Exposure experiments of organic compounds on the JEM, ISS.2013
Author(s)
Hajime MITA, Hirofumi Hashimoto, Masumi Higashide, Eiichi Imai, Yuko Kawaguchi, Hideyuki Kawai, Yukinori Kawamoto, Kazuhiro Knada, Kensei Kobayashi, Kazumichi Nakagawa, Issay Narumi and Tanpopo WG他8名
Organizer
13th Europian Workshop on Astrobilogy
Place of Presentation
University of Szczecin(ポーランド)
Year and Date
2013-07-22 – 2013-07-25
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[Presentation] Evolution of Interstellar Organics to Meteoritic and Cometary Organics: Approaches by Laboratory Simulations2013
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, Y. Kawamoto, W. El-Masry, M. Eto, H. Tokimura, T. Kaneko, Y. Obayashi, H. Mita, K. Kanda, S. Yoshida, H. Fukuda, and Y. Oguri
Organizer
International Astrobiology Workshop
Place of Presentation
JAXA(神奈川県)
Year and Date
2013-07-22 – 2013-07-25
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[Presentation] Exposure Experiments of Organic Compounds on the JEM, ISS, in the Tanpopo Mission2013
Author(s)
H. Mita, H. Hashimoto, M. Higashiide, E. Imai, Y. Kawaguchi, H. Kawai, Y. Kawamoto, K. Kanda, K. Kobayashi, K. Nakagawa, I. Narumi, K. Okudaira, M. Tabata, H. Yabuta, M. Yamashita, H. Yano, S. Yoshida, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi, and Tanpopo Working Group
Organizer
International Astrobiology Workshop
Place of Presentation
JAXA(神奈川県)
Year and Date
2013-07-22 – 2013-07-25
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[Presentation] Tanpopo: Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture, a Sample Return Experiment to Test Quasi-Panspermia Hypothesis Onboard the ISS-Kibo Exposed Facility2013
Author(s)
H. Yano, A. Yamagishi, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori, K. Kobayashi, H. Yabuta, H. Mita, M. Tabata, H. Kawai, M. Higashide, K. Okudaira, S. Sasaki, E. Imai, Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Uchibori, S. Kodaira, and Tanpopo Project Team
Organizer
International Astrobiology Workshop
Place of Presentation
JAXA(神奈川県)
Year and Date
2013-07-22 – 2013-07-25
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