2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

3D Active Site Science in Biology

Planned Research

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Project Area	3D Active-Site Science
Project/Area Number	26105005
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Science and Engineering
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	Sasaki Yuji 東京大学, 大学院新領域創成科学研究科, 教授 (30344401)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	関口博史公益財団法人高輝度光科学研究センター, 利用研究促進部門, 主幹研究員 (00401563) 柴山修哉自治医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (20196439) 宮澤淳夫兵庫県立大学, 生命理学研究科, 教授 (60247252) 久保泰国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 創薬プロファイリング研究センター, 副研究センター長 (10178030) 一柳光平大学共同利用機関法人高エネルギー加速器研究機構, 物質構造科学研究所, 特任准教授 (70435618)
Project Period (FY)	2014-07-10 – 2019-03-31
Keywords	蛍光X線ホログラフィー / X線1分子追跡法 / 標識・無標識法
Outline of Final Research Achievements	This study aimed to develop two methodologies for biomaterials, fluorescent x-ray holography and x-ray single molecule tracking. In X-ray single molecule tracking method, gold nanocrystal labeling is realized by molecular labeling method targeting disulfide bond (SS), three-dimensional molecular dynamics measurement is succeeded by microsecond time division, and new kinetic measurement of membrane protein molecules succeeded in. We also proposed a completely new dynamic measurements without labeling. In fluorescence X-ray holography, we applied and measured fluorescence X-ray holography for the first time in the world for determining the 3D site around heavy elements of protein molecules through hemoglobin and myoglobin. The basic data of the main target photosynthetic protein group PSII, which is the final goal, could also be measured.
Free Research Field	生物物理学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	生命科学の分野に日本発の２つの新しい計測手法を確立させることができた。それらの新計測方法で、今まで得られなかった注目元素の価数評価や3次元レベルの分子内部動態評価が可能になった。これらを軸に新しいタンパク質科学を発展させていく。