2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Technology for pathway-selective manipulation and control of neural circuit
| Project Area | Mechanisms underlying the functional shift of brain neural circuitry for behavioral adaptation |
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| Project/Area Number |
26112002
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | Fukushima Medical University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Research Collaborator |
Kato Shigeki
Fukabori Ryoji
Nishizawa Kayo
Iguchi Yoshio
Setogawa Susumu
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| Project Period (FY) |
2014-07-10 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 高頻度逆行性遺伝子導入 / 光遺伝学 / 化学遺伝学 / 刺激弁別学習 / 皮質基底核回路 / 機能シフト |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Here we applied our new strategy to manipulate specific neural types and pathways and to characterize dynamic changes of the neural circuit and aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the development and transition of neural circuit during learning processes and the functional compensation of the circuit against neural injury. To achieve this purpose, our planned group focused on the development of the technology for the neural circuit control, in particular, through the application of optogenetic and chemogenetic approaches with viral vector system. In addition, we investigated the roles of specific cell types or neural pathways constituting the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic network in behavioral acquisition, performance, and switching, and challenged to identify the brain regions in which the activity changes during the learning processes to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the functional shift of neural circuit.
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| Free Research Field |
分子神経生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
神経回路機能の障害は、さまざまな精神・神経疾患の発病や病態に深く関与するため、本領域で取り組む神経回路の機能シフトの研究成果は、学術的な重要性ばかりでなく、臨床医学的にも重要な意義を持つ。これらの研究成果は、高次脳機能障害の病態を発現するメカニズムについて神経回路レベルでの理解に結び付く。詳細な回路動態の解明は、特に、発達や学習の脳内機序の理解は、効果的な教育・訓練法の開発につながる可能性がある。さらに、特定の神経回路を操作する技術は、脳機能障害において変化する細胞種や神経路の活動を制御することによって、疾患や病態の改善を目指す新たなストラテジーの開発に繋がる可能性を持つ。
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