2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Morphological analysis of neurocircuit for adaptive shift
| Project Area | Mechanisms underlying the functional shift of brain neural circuitry for behavioral adaptation |
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| Project/Area Number |
26112006
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | Doshisha University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
窪田 芳之 生理学研究所, 基盤神経科学研究領域, 准教授 (90192567)
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| Research Collaborator |
Karube Fuyuki
Takahashi Susumu
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| Project Period (FY) |
2014-07-10 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 大脳基底核 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Recent studies revealed that region-specific changes in neural activity in basal ganglia during the different phases of skill learning. The neostriatum has a mosaic organization consisting of striosome and matrix compartments. However, clarifying the input/output organization of striatal compartments has been difficult because of its complex structure. We recently demonstrated that the source of thalamostriatal projections are highly organized in striatal compartments. This finding indicated that the functional properties of striatal compartments are influenced by their cortical and thalamic afferents, presumably with different time latencies. In addition, these afferents likely support the unique dynamics of striosome and matrix compartments. In this manuscript, we review the anatomy of basal ganglia networks with regard to striosome/matrix structure. We place specific focus on thalamostriatal projections at the population and single neuron level.
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| Free Research Field |
神経解剖学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
運動学習においては、試行錯誤しながらそのスキルを獲得する初期の時期（獲得期）と、習熟した後にそのスキルのさらなる上達のための時期（熟練期）が存在する。この運動学習過程の機能シフトを規定している要因には、他に大脳皮質の層構造、線条体のストリオソーム／マトリックス構造、視床の亜核、およびこの三要素の相互関係などが報告されており、この複雑な回路網の中で“真の機能領域”を見抜く必要がある。本研究は、どのような大脳基底核スキームが、この適応回路シフトを実現するために必要なものなのかを、形態学、電気生理学、光遺伝学を系統的に組みあわせて解析した挑戦的な研究であり、大脳基底核疾患の解明にも貢献しうる。
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