2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Dynamic circuit shift during functional recovery from brain and/or spinal cord injury
| Project Area | Mechanisms underlying the functional shift of brain neural circuitry for behavioral adaptation |
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| Project/Area Number |
26112008
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University (2016-2018)
National Institute for Physiological Sciences (2014-2015) |
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Principal Investigator |
ISA Tadashi 京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (20212805)
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| Research Collaborator |
NISHIMURA Yukio
KOBAYASHI Kenta
YOSHIA Masatoshi
FUJII Naotaka
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| Project Period (FY) |
2014-07-10 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 脳損傷 / 脊髄損傷 / 機能回復 / 巧緻運動 / サッケード運動 / 盲視 / ウィルスベクター / 霊長類 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To clarify the circuit shift mechanism during the recovery from brain and spinal cord injury, we investigated the spinal cord injury and primary visual cortex injury models in macaque monkeys. In the former case, dexterous hand movements recover after the corticospinal tract lesion at C4/C5 segment, and we have demonstrated by using pathway-selective blocking with double viral vector infection technique that the propriospinal neurons in the mid-cervical segments are critically involved in the recovery during the early recovery phase, however during the late recovery phase, other descending pathways also participate in the recovery process and the contribution of propriospinal neurons becomes partial. In the latter case, we have demonstrated by using the same double viral vector infection technique that after the primary visual cortex lesion, the superior colliculus to pulvinar pathway is involved in the recovery of visually guided saccadic eye movements.
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| Free Research Field |
神経生理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究において、我々は、脊髄損傷後の手指の巧緻運動の機能回復における脊髄内の側副路と言える脊髄固有ニューロンの貢献、また一次視覚野損傷後における皮質下の視覚伝導路である上丘から視床枕に至る経路の機能を最先端のウィルスベクターによる経路選択的遮断技術を用いてマカクザルモデルで明らかにした。このような大規模な回路改変による機能代償機構―適応回路シフトの知見は脳・脊髄損傷後の機能回復戦略に重要な指針を与えたと言える。
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