情動・注意の制御に関わる大脳皮質間神経回路の適応動態

2015 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project Area: Mechanisms underlying the functional shift of brain neural circuitry for behavioral adaptation
• Project/Area Number: 26112009
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: 筒井 健一郎 東北大学, 生命科学研究科, 准教授 (90396466)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 泰羅 雅登 東京医科歯科大学, 医歯(薬)学総合研究科, 教授 (50179397)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-07-10 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 神経科学 / 経頭蓋磁気刺激 / 皮質表面電位

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

情動や注意の制御にかかわる大脳皮質神経回路について、それが正常に機能しているときと障害が生じているときで、どのような「回路シフト」が生じているかを調べるために、本年度は、以下の項目を達成した。
１）サルの情動や気分の評価基準となる行動学および生理学上の条件を探索した。行動学的には、ケージ内の自然行動、ケージ内での飲水行動（スクロース選好性）、改変ブリンクマンテストが、それぞれ、活動性、快楽追求性、意欲の指標となりうることを確認した。また、生理学的には、血中のコルチゾールの測定により、ストレスの度合いの客観的評価となりうることを確認した。
２）上記の指標を用いて、反復経頭蓋磁気刺激（rTMS）の情動への影響を評価したところ、内側前頭皮質（mPFC）に対する低頻度刺激によって、著しくサルの気分状態が低下することが明らかになった。
３）遅延反応課題を遂行中のサルの前頭連合野、運動前野に片側性のTMSを施して脳活動を阻害し、行動への影響を調べる実験を行い、課題遂行に関係した手の運動および眼球運動について解析を行った。その結果、いずれの領域の機能阻害によっても、課題に関連した手や眼球の運動障害は生じないこと、前頭連合野の阻害によって視空間性のワーキングメモリ（刺激位置情報の保持）の障害が、運動前野の阻害によって運動性のワーキングメモリ（運動企図情報の保持）の障害が生じることが明らかになった。

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

交付申請書に記載した内容のうち、１）サルの情動・気分評価基準の確立、２）経頭蓋磁気い刺激を用いて情動・気分を操作する方法の探索、については、完全に目標を達成することができた。３）遅延反応課題遂行中の皮質表面電位の記録については、同課題遂行中の反復経頭蓋磁気刺激の影響を調べる研究において、予想以上の成果が得られ、追加実験やデータの分析に時間を要したため、皮質表面電位の記録は次年度以降に行うことにした。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

研究はおおむね順調に進展している。サルの情動・気分については、反復経頭蓋磁気刺激の神経活動および行動への影響を調べる実験をすすめていく。注意の神経機構については、皮質表面電位の記録について、実験を加速させていく。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Representation of Functional Category in the Monkey Prefrontal Cortex and Its Rule-Dependent Use for Behavioral Selection. (2016)
  • Author(s): Tsutsui KI, Hosokawa T, Yamada M, Iijima T.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Neuroscience Volume: 36 Pages: 3038-3048
  • DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-15.2016.
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Neck collar for restraining head and body movements in rats for behavioral task performance and simultaneous neural activity recording. (2016)
  • Author(s): Tateyama Y, Oyama K, Lo CW, Iijima T, Tsutsui KI.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Neruoscience Methods Volume: 263 Pages: 68-74
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.02.005.
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Discrete coding of stimulus value, reward expectation, and reward prediction error in the dorsal striatum. (2015)
  • Author(s): Oyama K, Tateyama Y, Hernadi I, Tobler PN, Iijima T, Tsutsui KI.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Neurophysiology Volume: 114 Pages: 2600-2615
  • DOI: 10.1152/jn.00097.2015.
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Effects of G-gene Deletion and Replacement on Rabies Virus Vector Gene Expression. (2015)
  • Author(s): Sato S, Ohara S, Tsutsui KI, Iijima T.
  • Journal Title: PLoS One. Volume: 10 Pages: e0128020
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128020.
• [Presentation] Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a tool for primate neuroscience research (2016)
  • Author(s): Tsutsui KI
  • Organizer: 31st International Congress of Psychology (ICP2016)
  • Place of Presentation: 横浜
  • Year and Date: 2016-07-25
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 反復経頭蓋磁気刺激（rTMS）によるサル内側前頭葉の情動・気分調節機能の検証 (2016)
  • Author(s): 筒井健一郎
  • Organizer: 第57回日本心身医学会総会
  • Place of Presentation: 仙台
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-05
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 経頭蓋時期刺激（TMS）で拓く霊長類研究の新展開 (2015)
  • Author(s): 筒井健一郎
  • Organizer: ナショナルバイオリソース第12回公開シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2015-12-11
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Cortical and subcortical projections of the entorhinal layer III neurons of the rat. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ohara S., Ito, K., Sota, Y., Tsutsui, K-I., Witter, P. M., Iijima, T.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Rabies virus vector with improved transgene expression level for transsynaptic tracing. (2015)
  • Author(s): Sota, Y., Ohara, S., Sato, S., Ito, K., Tsutsui, K-I., Iijima, T.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Comparison of neural representations between rat anterior insular and orbitofrontal cortex in risky decision making. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ishii, H., Kaizu, Y., Takahashi, S., Ohara, S., Tobler, N. P., Tsutsui, K-I., Iijima, T.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Neural responses observed only in a gambling task in the rat anterior insular cortex. (2015)
  • Author(s): Kaizu, Y., Ishii, H., Takahashi, S., Ohara, S., Tobler, N. P., Tsutsui, K-I., Iijima, T.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Cytoarchitectonic information of rat medial prefrontal “delay” neurons revealed by single-neuron electroporation. (2015)
  • Author(s): Oyama, K., Tateyama, Y., Lo, CW., Ohara, S., Karube, F., Fujiyama, F., Iijima, T., Tsutsui, K-I.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The effect of bimodal value representation on goal directed behavior and reflective choice in behaving macaque. (2015)
  • Author(s): Yasuda M, Nakamura S, Okada KI, Kobayashi Y, Tsutsui KI, Nakamura K.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Comparing the impact of online and low-frequency offline rTMS over the unilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on the delayed response task performance. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ogawa K, Nakamura S, Hosokawa T, Iijima T, Tsutsui KI.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-19
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Inactivation of rat dorsomedial prefrontal cortex impairs delayed response performance under head fixation (2015)
  • Author(s): Lo C, Tateyama Y, Oyama K, T. Iijima T, Tsutsui KI
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-19
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Neck collar: A novel non-invasive system for restricting head and body movements in rats for behavioral task performance and simultaneous neuron activity recording (2015)
  • Author(s): Tateyama Y, Oyama K, Lo C, Iijima T, Tsutsui KI
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] entrolateral prefrontal activity reflects increases in object value induced by larger choice sets. (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujiwara J, Usui N, Eifuku S, Iijima T, Taira M, Tsutsui KI, Tobler PN.
  • Organizer: Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: 米国・シカゴ
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-17
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Afferents and Efferents of the Commissural Projection Neurons in Enthorinal Cortex Layer 3 of the Rat. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ohara, S., Itou, K., Sota, Y., Sato, S., Tsutsui, K-I., Iijima, T.
  • Organizer: 第38回日本神経科学大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-30
• [Presentation] Morphological identification of rat medial prefrontal neurons showing sustained activity during a delay period of a delayed response task by single-neuron electroporation. (2015)
  • Author(s): Oyama, K., Tateyama, Y., Lo, CW., Ohara, S., Karube, F., Fujiyama, F., Iijima, T., Tsutsui, K-I.
  • Organizer: 第38回日本神経科学大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-30
• [Presentation] Risky choice selective neuron in rat anterior insular cortex. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ishii, H., Kaizu, Y., Takahashi, S., Ohara, S., Tobler, N. P., Tsutsui, K-I., Iijima, T.
  • Organizer: 第38回日本神経科学大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-29
• [Presentation] Ventrolateral prefrontal activity reflects increases in object value induced by larger choice sets. (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujiwara J, Usui N, Eifuku S, Iijima T, Taira M, Tsutsui KI, Tobler PN.
  • Organizer: 第38回日本神経科学大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-29
• [Presentation] An integrated system for the quantitative measure of motivation and emotion in monkeys. (2015)
  • Author(s): Yasuda M, Nakamura S, Okada KI, Kobayashi Y, Tsutsui KI, Nakamura K.
  • Organizer: 第38回日本神経科学大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-29
• [Presentation] Different contributions of monkey frontal, premotor, and parietal corticies in spatial working memory task revealed by on-line rTMS. (2015)
  • Author(s): Tsutsui KI
  • Organizer: International Symposimu on Magnetic Stimulation: Past, Present and Future
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2015-06-06
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited