2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Understanding the adaptive brain function in relation to the alteration of posture-locomotor synergies
| Project Area | Understanding brain plasticity on body representations to promote their adaptive functions |
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| Project/Area Number |
26120004
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Complex systems
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| Research Institution | Asahikawa Medical College |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
中陦 克己 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (60270485)
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| Research Collaborator |
Obara Kazuhiro
Nakajima Toshi
Takahashi Mirai
Miyagishi Saori
Nozu Tsukasa
Okumura Toshikatsu
Matsumoto seiji
Funakoshi Hiroshi
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| Project Period (FY) |
2014-07-10 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 予期的姿勢調節 / 姿勢筋シナジー / 皮質網様体投射 / 網様体脊髄路 / 身体図式 / 前頭ー頭頂ネットワーク / 運動プログラム / 歩行運動 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this project, attempts were made to elucidate neuronal mechanisms of adaptive posture-gait strategy using animal experimentation and human examination. Major findings are 1) the basic mechanisms which generate and coordinate posture-gait muscle synergies are located in the brain-stem and spinal cord, 2) cognitive information of the self-body and environment which is generated at the parietal cortex is sent to the motor areas at frontal cortex so that motor programs that induce "anticipatory postural adjustment" and "precise gait limb movements” are constructed, 3) these motor programs may achieve adaptive posture and gait control against the changes in environment through the activation of the brain-stem and spinal cord neural networks. These findings suggest that the higher order cortical function that is specifically inherent in the fronto-parietal cortical networks plays a crucial role in the execution of adaptive posture-gait behaviors.
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| Free Research Field |
神経生理学（脳神経科学）
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究の学術的意義点は，環境変化に対応する適応的歩行動作の実現には「運動に伴う環境と自己身体と変化を予測する認知機能」と，その認知情報を姿勢と運動に変化する「皮質-脳幹-脊髄投射」という運動性下行路が中核的な役割を果たすことを見出したことである．これらの仕組みによって，目的動作に先行する最適姿勢制御（予期的姿勢調節）が実現する．ゆえに，高齢者の高次脳機能障害が歩行障害や転倒のメカニズムの一因であること，そして，高次脳機能障害を克服することが転倒事故に予防に繋がる可能性を示した点において本研究の成果は極めて重要な社会的意義を持つ．
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