1990 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Comprehensive Survey of Gandhara Buddhist Monument.
| Project/Area Number |
01041044
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Field Research |
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
NISHIKAWA Koji Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University., 工学部, 教授 (50025889)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
マシイ ファルザンド ハ゜キスタン政府, 考古局調査官
ハーン バハダール ハラッハ゜博物館, 館長
ハーン シャーバーズ ハ゜ンジャブ州政府, 考古局長
NANBA Yozo Research Officer, Kyoto National Museum., 学芸員 (70189223)
MASUI Masaya Instructor, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University., 工学部, 助手 (40190350)
HAMAZAKI Kazushi Instructor, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University., 工学部, 助手 (00135534)
FURUSE Kiyohide Instructor, Faculty of Letters, Hiroshima University., 文学部, 助手 (70136018)
NIWA Yuichi Professor, Faculty of Education, Kagawa University., 教育学部, 助教授 (50140471)
ODANI Nakao Professor, Faculty of Human Science, Toyama University., 人文学部, 教授 (50032173)
MASIH Farzand Field officer, Department of Archaeology, Government of PAKISTAN.
KHAN Bahadar Curator, Harrapa Museum.
KHAN Shahbaz Director, Department of Archaeology, Government of PUNJAB.
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| Project Period (FY) |
1989 – 1990
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| Keywords | Buddhist site / Stupa / Stupa Court / Kushan / Kushano-Sasan / Saka-Partia |
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| Research Abstract |
This survey aimed to complete excavation of the center of Ranigat remains in 1984 & '86, was done between 0ct. 5 and Dec. 11 in 1989, excavating about 3,000 m^2 ; north half part of the Main Stupa Area a hall at south end of the South-Trench, extended part of the West-Trench, the South-west Area, the West Hill, and stone caves surrounding the South Area. Excavation of each area has almost ended this time, and the whole structure could be cleared. In 1990, the rest measuring survey of structural remains of the West Hill and north half of the Main Stupa Area was done, and the distribution map of structural remains was made by CG by CG plain table.
Architectural styles of stupa can be divided into four categories ; 1) Round Plinth, 2) Undecorated square plinth, 3) square plinth with column, 4) Square plinth with decorating band of 4-5 layered stucco. Each style proved to have historically developed in order judged from their construction period.
Masonry technique can be also divided into three ; 1) Diaper masonry, 2) Semi-ashlar, 3) Ashlar. Each proved to have developed in the same way.
It's also remarkable that the structure of Buddhist temple has proven to have historically developed judged from architectural styles and techniques, through three forms, namely 1) Independence of stupa (the lower phase of the Main Stupa Court), 2) Stupa court form with surrounding walls and shrines (the upper phase of the Main Stupa Court), 3) Coexistence of stupa & huge shrine. These results will be a historical material valuable for considering Gandhara temples' development in the formative period of Mahayanist Buddhism.
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