| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
JETT Paul R. スミソニアン研究機構, フリアー美術館, 保存科学者
JOEL Emile C スミソニアン研究機構, 保存分析部, 化学者
CHASE W.Thom スミソニアン研究機構, フリアー美術館, 主任保存科学者
CORT Louise スミソニアン研究機構, フリアー美術館, 研究員
SAITO Tsutomu Assistant National Museum of Japanese History, 情報資料研究部, 助手 (50205663)
ZELST Lamber スミソニアン研究機構, 保存分析部, 部長
岩永 省三 奈良国立文化財研究所, 飛鳥藤原宮跡発掘調査部, 研究員 (40150065)
TAGUCHI Isamu Professor National Museum of Japanese History, 情報資料研究部, 教授 (50192159)
SAYRE Edward スミソニアン研究機構, 保存分析部, グループリーダー
VANDIVER Pam スミソニアン研究機構, 保存分析部, 研究員
MURAKAMI Ryu Researcher, Div. Heijo Place Site Investigations, Nara National Cultural Propert, 平城宮跡発掘調査部, 研究員 (00192774)
SAWADA Masaaki Head, Conservation Science Section, C. for Arch. Res., Nara National Cultural Pr, 埋蔵文化財センター, 室長 (20000490)
SAHARA Makoto Director, Division of research, Center for Arch. Res., Nara National Cultural Pr, 埋蔵文化財センター, 部長 (20000466)
TANAKA Migaku Director, Center for Archaeological Operation, Nara National Cultural Properties, 埋蔵文化財センター, 埋蔵文化財センター長 (40099958)
ASAI Kazuharu Senior Researcher, Horyuji Treasures Section Tokyo National Museum, 学芸部・法隆寺宝物室, 主任研究官 (60132700)
MOCHIZUKI Mikio Head, Department of Archaeology Tokyo National Museum, 学芸部・考古課, 室長 (60141991)
TAKAHAMA Shu Head of Chinese Archaeology Section Tokyo National Museum, 学芸部・東洋課, 室長 (60000353)
SANO Chie Researcher, Department of Conservation Science Tokyo National Research Institute, 保存科学部・物理研究室, 研究員 (40215885)
MIURA Sadatoshi Head, Physical Section, Department of Conservation Science Tokyo National Resear, 保存科学部・物理研究室, 室長 (50099925)
HIRAO Yoshimitsu Head, Chemistry Section, Department of Conservation Science Tokyo National Resea, 保存科学部・化学研究室, 室長 (40082812)
PAMELA B Vandiver Researcher, Conservation Analytical Laboratory, Smithsonian Institution
PAUL R Jett Conservation Scientist, Freer Gallery of Art Smithsonian Institution
LOUISE A Cort Researcher, Freer Gallery of Art Smithsonian Institution
EDWARD V Sayre Group Leader, Conservation Analytical Laboratory, Smithsonian Institution,
EMILE C Joel Chemist, Conservation Analytical Laboratory, Smithsonian Institution,
LAMBERTUS Van Zelst Director, Conservation Analytical Laboratory, Smithsonian Institution
W Thomas Chase Senior Conservation Scientist, Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution
IWANAGA Shozo Researcher, Asuka Fujiwara Palace Site Investigations, Nara National Cultural Pr
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| Research Abstract |
In the context of the Bunkacho -Smithsonian collaboration project, ancient East Asian bronzes and potteries were studied from the viewpoint of conservation science, archaeology and art history. The following five subjects were taken up.
A) Data Base on Lead Isotope Analyses of Far Eastern Objects and Source Materials :
Interlaboratory check was carried out for mass spectrometers between Tokyo National Research Institute of Cultural Properties and US National Institute of Standard and Technology. The data of the two laboratories for 8 bronzes of different origin agreed well and thus the basis for Japanese-American common data base was established
B) Bronze Disease and Corrosion Mechanisms of Bronze :
The bronze mirrors and bronze arrowheads excavated from the Yukinoyama Tomb were studied. Especially, an examination was made on the relationship between the state of corrosion of high-tin bronzes and the excavation points. It was confirmed that the surface state (black surface) depends upon th
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e environmental condition in the tomb. Moessbauer spectrometry was used for the study of black surface patina. It was confirmed that tin in the black patina was only in the oxidation state IV. During this series of study, it was found that a mirror from the Yukinoyama Tomb has its twin in the Freer Gallery collection. A comparative study of the two mirrors was carried out using X-ray radiography and microscopic observation.
C) Gilding on Ancient Far Eastern Bronzes :
Thin specimens of 9 Chinese and Korean gilt bronze Buddhist images were studied with an optical microscope and EPMA. They belong to Freer Gallery collection and are supposed to be of 5th to 10th centuries. Mercury was detected in all specimens and a part of ancient gilding techniques was elucidated from the microstructure of gilt layers.
D) Mold Manufacture, Casting Technology and other Metallurgical Aspects of Chinese, Korean and Japanese Bronzes :
The casting techniques of Shang and Western Zhou bronze vessels were studied in detail. The database for Japanese bibliography on bronze casting and bronze composition was achieved.
E) Technological and Compositional Studies of Jomon Pottery :
Pamela Vandiver came over to Japan and visited research institutes, museums, universities and local educational boards in order to carry out observations on Jomon pottery and to have discussions about its construction methods with local Japanese specialists. The most important issue was whether the sequential slab construction method (abbreviated SSC and called "patch work method" by Sahara), which Vandiver had found in the case of the earliest pottery in West and South Asia, could be recognized in the case of Japanese pottery. According to Michio Okamura, one type of the earliest Jomon pottery called "Ryukisen-mon (linear applique)", which developed in western Japan, might have been manufactured with SSC, while another type of pottery called "mumon (plain)" in north-eastern Japan with the coil/ring method. Less
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