1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

オセアニアにおける人類の適応放散に関する研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number	01304009
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	大塚柳太郎東京大学, 医学部(医), 助教授 (60010071)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	本郷哲郎東京大学, 医学部, 助手 (90199563) 稲岡司熊本大学, 医学部, 助手 (60176386) 河辺俊雄東京大学, 医学部, 助手 (80169763) 口蔵幸雄岐阜大学, 教養部, 助教授 (10153298) 片山一道京都大学, 理学部, 助教授 (70097921)
Keywords	オセアニア / 形質人類学 / ヒトの成長 / 人類遺伝学 / 生業適応 / 栄養生態学 / 有病率 / 人口生態学
Research Abstract	オセアニア諸集団の生物学的多様性を適応放散から分析したが、特に各分担テ-マ間での相互関連性の検討を中心とした。主要な点は以下の如くである。 1.オセアニア集団の「人種分類」と「民族分類」との関連については、言語に基き区分されるオ-ストロネシアンと非オ-ストロネシアンとは形質の特性からも支持されるが、形態は過去数千年の間に著しく変化した可能性が高く、たとえば「ポリネシア人」と「メラネシア人」の境界は環境適応の立場から再検討する必要性を明らかにした。 2.成人の体型及び成長パタンの多様性は栄養をはじめとする環境適応との関連の高いことを明らかにしたが、現在までに報告されている成果ではその詳細には不明な部分が多い。 3.栄養素摂取の前提となる生業パタンについては、生息地の環境条件以外に外来文化との接触の影響の大きいことが明らかとなり、長期的な生業適応の包括的理解に対するいくつかのモデルを作成した。 4.多くの疾患の有病率は、外来文化との接触によって著しく変化したことが確認され、たとえば栄養状態や人口動態(死亡率、出生率)との関連性も、マラリアのような古くからの疾患と比較的新しいウィルス性疾患に区別して分析した。 5.人口変動にみられる経時的変化と集団間変動については、相互に関連性が高く、自然環境要因、生業・栄養素摂取パタン、諸疾患の有病率等の多要因が同時に関連していることが明らかとなった。詳細は人口変動に関する情報は限られているが、マクロ及びミクロのモデル分析を行った。

Research Products

(25 results)

All Other

All Publications (25 results)

[Publications] 大塚柳太郎: "肥満ーオセアニアの事例から" 健康管理. 440. 18-25 (1990)
[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Low population density of taro monoculturalists in highlandーfringe of Papua New Guinea" Human Ecology. (1991)
[Publications] 大塚柳太郎: "途上国における環境適応の変容" 横浜市大医学部紀要. (1990)
[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "An ecological analysis of marriage formation in highlandーfringe of Papua New Guinea" Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)
[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Demographic view of human adaptation in Melanesia" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)
[Publications] Katayama,K.: "A scenario for prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals:hypothetic protoーOceanic connection" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 151-159 (1990)
[Publications] Katayama,K.: "Trend toward brachycepharization of Polynesian head" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)
[Publications] Tagaya,A.: "Anthropometric variation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.
[Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "Subsistence activities,food use,and nutrition among the Mountain OK in central New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 113-137 (1990)
[Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "The productivity and adaptability of diversified foodーgetting system in Papua New Guinea" Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)
[Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "A comparative study of subsistence systems among Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)
[Publications] Kawabe,T.: "Growth of children in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)
[Publications] Hongo,T.: "Hair element concentrations of the Gidra in lowland Papua:The comparison with dietary intakes and water element concentrations" Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 24. 167-179 (1990)
[Publications] Hongo,T.: "Food composition and nutrient intake in Papua New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania.
[Publications] Inaoka,T.: "Energy expenditure of Gidra in lowland Papua:Application of the heart rate method to the field" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 139-150 (1990)
[Publications] Inaoka,T.: "Disease in Papua New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania.
[Publications] Akimichi,T.: "Manus fish names" Bulletin of National Museum of Ethnology. 16. (1991)
[Publications] Akimichi,T.: "The comparative ecology of food preservation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.
[Publications] Suda,K.: "Leveling mechanisms in a recently relocated Kubor village,Papua New Guinea:A socioーbehavioral analysis of sagoーmaking" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 99-112 (1990)
[Publications] Suda,K.: "The impacts of social change in Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania.
[Publications] Sakiyama,O.: "Association of Austronesian speakers and Lapitaーderived populations in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.
[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Population Ecology of Human Survival:Bioecological Studies of the Gidra in Papua New Guinea" University of Tokyo Press, 265 (1990)
[Publications] 大塚柳太郎: "資源への文化適応ー自然と共存のエコロジ-" 福武書店, (1990)
[Publications] 鈴木継美: "食と栄養の生態学" 日本放送協会, (1990)
[Publications] Durham,N.M.: "Trends in Dermatoglyphic Research" Klumer Academic Publishers, 308 (1990)

1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

オセアニアにおける人類の適応放散に関する研究

Principal Investigator

大塚 柳太郎 東京大学, 医学部(医), 助教授 (60010071)

Research Products

[Publications] 大塚 柳太郎: "肥満ーオセアニアの事例から" 健康管理. 440. 18-25 (1990)

[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Low population density of taro monoculturalists in highlandーfringe of Papua New Guinea" Human Ecology. (1991)

[Publications] 大塚 柳太郎: "途上国における環境適応の変容" 横浜市大医学部紀要. (1990)

[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "An ecological analysis of marriage formation in highlandーfringe of Papua New Guinea" Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)

[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Demographic view of human adaptation in Melanesia" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

[Publications] Katayama,K.: "A scenario for prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals:hypothetic protoーOceanic connection" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 151-159 (1990)

[Publications] Katayama,K.: "Trend toward brachycepharization of Polynesian head" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

[Publications] Tagaya,A.: "Anthropometric variation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.

[Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "Subsistence activities,food use,and nutrition among the Mountain OK in central New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 113-137 (1990)

[Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "The productivity and adaptability of diversified foodーgetting system in Papua New Guinea" Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)

[Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "A comparative study of subsistence systems among Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

[Publications] Kawabe,T.: "Growth of children in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

[Publications] Hongo,T.: "Hair element concentrations of the Gidra in lowland Papua:The comparison with dietary intakes and water element concentrations" Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 24. 167-179 (1990)

[Publications] Hongo,T.: "Food composition and nutrient intake in Papua New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania.

[Publications] Inaoka,T.: "Energy expenditure of Gidra in lowland Papua:Application of the heart rate method to the field" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 139-150 (1990)

[Publications] Inaoka,T.: "Disease in Papua New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania.

[Publications] Akimichi,T.: "Manus fish names" Bulletin of National Museum of Ethnology. 16. (1991)

[Publications] Akimichi,T.: "The comparative ecology of food preservation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.

[Publications] Suda,K.: "Leveling mechanisms in a recently relocated Kubor village,Papua New Guinea:A socioーbehavioral analysis of sagoーmaking" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 99-112 (1990)

[Publications] Suda,K.: "The impacts of social change in Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania.

[Publications] Sakiyama,O.: "Association of Austronesian speakers and Lapitaーderived populations in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.

[Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Population Ecology of Human Survival:Bioecological Studies of the Gidra in Papua New Guinea" University of Tokyo Press, 265 (1990)

[Publications] 大塚 柳太郎: "資源への文化適応ー自然と共存のエコロジ-" 福武書店, (1990)

[Publications] 鈴木 継美: "食と栄養の生態学" 日本放送協会, (1990)

[Publications] Durham,N.M.: "Trends in Dermatoglyphic Research" Klumer Academic Publishers, 308 (1990)

大塚柳太郎東京大学, 医学部(医), 助教授 (60010071)

[Publications] 大塚柳太郎: "肥満ーオセアニアの事例から" 健康管理. 440. 18-25 (1990)

[Publications] 大塚柳太郎: "途上国における環境適応の変容" 横浜市大医学部紀要. (1990)

[Publications] 大塚柳太郎: "資源への文化適応ー自然と共存のエコロジ-" 福武書店, (1990)

[Publications] 鈴木継美: "食と栄養の生態学" 日本放送協会, (1990)