• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to project page

1990 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Adaptive Radiation of Human Populations in Oceania

Research Project

Project/Area Number 01304009
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Anthropology
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

OHTSUKA Ryutaro  Department of Human Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo ; Associate Professor, 医学部, 助教授 (60010071)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) HONGO Tetsuro  Department of Human Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo ; Instruct, 医学部, 助手 (90199563)
INAOKA Tsukasa  Department of Puplic Health, Kumamoto University School of Medicine ; Instructor, 医学部, 助手 (60176386)
KAWABE Toshio  Department of Human Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo ; Instruct, 医学部, 助手 (80169763)
KUCHIKURA Yukio  Department of Anthropology, Faculty of General Studies, Gify University ; Associ, 教養部, 助教授 (10153298)
KATAYAMA Kazumichi  Department of Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University ; Asso, 理学部, 助教授 (70097921)
Project Period (FY) 1989 – 1990
KeywordsOceania / physical anthropology / human growth / human genetics / subsistence adaptation / nutritional ecology / prevalence rate / population ecology
Research Abstract

Biological diversity of human populations in Oceania was reviewed from a standpoint of adaptive radiation. The major findings are as follows.
1. The examination of the long-term change of morphological traits has demonstrated that non-Austronesian and Austronesian groups, which were classified linguistically and culturally, have had their own characteristics. Simultaneously, however, most characteristics of each group have changed in accordance with adaptive system in local environments in the last several decades.
2. The extent of diversity in adult body physique and child growth among human populations in Oceania has been revealed to be similar as that among all populations in the world. The most probable reason for this comes from adaptive process in local environments, for instance, nutritional adaptation.
3. Subsistence strategies among contemporary populations are largely conditioned by the timing and the extent of the contact with foreign culture ; as the result, protein intake level, in particular, greatly differs from a population to another.
4. The previous food composition tables applied to Oceania have been criticized and we have re-evaluated nutrient intakes for human populations in Oceania, based on our newly-made table.
5. The review of prevalence rates of various diseases in Oceania, particularly in Melanesia, has proved that the bulk of them have had high levels only after the contact. The spatiotemporal pattern of newly-introduced diseases has influenced human adaptation in the area as a key factor.
6. It has been demonstrated that the population increase rate in Melanesia as a whole before the contact has kept a level, 0.2% per year, similar to that in the Neolithic. The increase rate which, since then, has been diversified among the populations has mainly come from such environmental factors as nutrition and health.

  • Research Products

    (52 results)

All Other

All Publications (52 results)

  • [Publications] 大塚 柳太郎: "肥満 ーオセアニアの事例から" 健康管理. 440. 18-25 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Low population density of taro monoculturalists in highlandーfringe of papua New Guinea" Human Ecology. in press. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 大塚 柳太郎: "途上国における環境適応の変容" 横浜市大医学部紀要. (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "An ecological analysis of marriage formation in highlandーfringe of Papua New Guinea" Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Demographic view of human adaptation in Melanesia" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Katayama,K.: "A scenario for prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals:hypothetic protoーOceanic connection" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 151-159 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Katayama,K.: "Trend toward brachycepharization of polynesian head" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tagaya,A.: "Anthropometric variation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "Subsistence activities,food use,and nutrition among the Mountain Ok in central New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 113-137 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "The productivity and adaptability of diversified foodーgetting system in Papua New Guinea" Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kuchikura,Y.: "A comparative study of subsistence systems among Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kawabe,T.: "Growth of children in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo,T.: "Compositional character of Papuan foods" Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 23. 39-56 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo,T.: "Elemental intake of the Gidra in lowland Papua:Interーvillage variation and the comparison with contemporary levels in developed countries" Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 23. 293-309 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo,T.: "Hair element concentrations of Gidra in lowland Papua: The comparison with dietary intakes and water element concentrations" Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 24. 167-179 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo,T.: "Food composition and nutrient intake in Papua New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Inaoka,T.: "Energy expenditure of Gidra in lowland Papua:Application of the heart rate method to the field" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 139-150 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Inaoka,T.: "Disease in Papua New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Akimichi,T.: "Manus fish names" Bulletin of National Museum of Ethnology. 16. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Akimichi,T.: "The comparative ecology of food preservation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Suda,K.: "Leveling mechanisms in a recently relocated Kubor village,Papua New Guinea:A socioーbehavioral analysis of sagoーmaking" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 99-112 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Suda,K.: "The impacts of social change in Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Sakiyama,O.: "Association of Austronesian speakers and Lapitaーderived populations in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka,R.: "Population Ecology of Human Survival:Bioecological Studies of the Gidra in Papua New Guinea" University of Tokyo Press, 265 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 大塚 柳太郎: "資源への文化適応ー自然と共存のエコロジ-" 福武書店, (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 鈴木 継美: "食と栄養の生態学" 日本放送協会, (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Durham,N.M.: "Trends in Dermatoglyphic Research" Klumer Academic Publishers, 308 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka, R.: "Obesity from evidence in Oceania" Kenko-kanri. 440. 18-25 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka, R.: "Low population density of taro monoculturalists in highland-fringe of Papua New Guinea" Human Ecology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka, R.: "Demographic view of human adaptation in Melanesia" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka, R.: "Human adaptation to living environments and its recent change in developing countries" Bulletin of Yokohama University Medical School. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Katayama, K.: "A scenario for prehistoric Mongloid dispersals : Hypothetic proto-Oceanic connection" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 151-159 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Katayama, K.: "Trend toward brachycepharization of Polynesian head." Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tagaya, A.: "Anthropometric variation in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kuchikura, Y.: "Subsistence activities, food use, and nutrition among the Mountain Ok in central New Guinea" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 113-137

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kuchikura, Y.: "The productivity and adaptability of diversified food-getting system in Papua New Guinea." Senri Ethnological Studies. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kawabe, T.: "Growth of children in Oceania." Man and Culture in Oceania,. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo, T.: "Compositional character of Papuan foods." Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 23. 39-56 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo, T.: "Elemental intake of the Gidra in lowland Papua : Inter-village variation and the comparison with contemporary levels in developed countries." Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 23. 293-309 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo, T.: "Hair element concentrations of the Gidra in lowland Papua : The comparison with dietary intakes and water element concentrations." Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 24. 167-179 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hongo, T.: "Food composition and nutrient intake in Papua New Guinea." Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Inaoka, T.: "Energy expenditure of Gidra in lowland Papua : Application of the heart rate method to the field" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 139-150

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Inaoka, T. Disease in Papua New Guinea.: "Man and Culture in Oceania," (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Akimichi, T.: "Manus fish names." Bulletin of National Museum of Ethnology,. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Akimichi, T.: "The comparative ecology of food preservation in Oceania." Man and Culture in Oceania,. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Suda, K.: "Leveling mechanisms in a recently relocated Kubor village, Papua New Guinea : A socio-behavioral analysis of sago-making" Man and Culture in Oceania. 6. 99-112

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Suda, K.: "The impacts of social change in Papua New Guinea societies" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Sakiyama, O.: "Association of Austronesian speakers and Lapitaーderived populations in Oceania" Man and Culture in Oceania. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka, R.: University of Tokyo Press. Population Ecology of Human Survival : Bioecological Studies of the Gidra in Papua New Guinea, 265 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohtsuka, R.: Fukutake-shoten. Cultural Adaptation to Resources : Ecology of Harmony with Nature, (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Suzuki, T.: Nihon-hoso-kyokai. Ecology of Food and Nutrition., (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Durham, N. M.: Klumer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. Trends in Dermatoglyphic Research., 308 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

URL: 

Published: 1993-08-12  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi