1989 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

植物感染における情報伝達の分子機構

Research Project

Project/Area Number	01304014
Research Institution	Mie University
Principal Investigator	久能均三重大学, 生物資源学部, 教授 (20024573)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	谷利一香川大学, 農学部, 教授 (50035961) 大内成志近畿大学, 農学部, 教授 (70026433) 奥八郎岡山大学, 農学部, 教授 (20033144) 道家紀志名古屋大学, 農学部, 教授 (80023472) 甲元啓介鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (80032093)
Keywords	抵抗反応 / 病原性決定因子 / 抵抗性遺伝子 / 宿主特異的毒素 / サプレッサ- / エリシッタ- / ウイルス細胞間移行 / 細胞拒否性
Research Abstract	1.植物の抵抗反応発現機構の細胞学的、生理学的解析ムギ子葉鞘細胞に非病原菌であるErysiphe pisiを接種すると、付着器接着時期に菌から放出される低分子物質によってその存在が認識され、細胞の拒否性移行が決定される(三重大)。また、E.graminis接種したオオムギに接種後2時間で誘導される全身抵抗性に関わる化学的因子が抽出された(岡山大)。疫病菌の系では、ジャガイモ原形資模画分の0^<2-X>生成NADPH酸化酵素が菌のエリシタ-成分で活性化されることが明かにされた(名大)。同様に、エンバクさび病の系でも、ファイトアレキシンがキトサン、キチンなどの菌体細胞壁成分で誘導されることが明かにされた(香川大)。一方、抵抗性に関わるリグニン生成は、宿主細胞にある熱不安定な高分子物質によって決定されることが明かにされた(愛媛大)。 2.抵抗性遺伝子発現の分子生物的解析ダイズグリセオリン誘導に関与するβ-1,3-エンドグルカナ-ゼの遺伝子がクロ-ニングされ(京府大)、エンドウ褐紋病菌サプレッサ-がピサチン合成に関わる酵素の遺伝子発現を遅らせ、感染に成功すること(岡山大)、ビクトリン毒素によるエンバクファイトアレキシン誘導のgenedose効果が明かになり(香川大)、また、ムギ細胞に遺伝子を注入し、発現させる技術が開発された(近畿大)。 3.病原性巻定因子の分子生物学的解析イネいもち病菌胞子は発芽時に放出する物質によって、宿主細胞の電解質漏出をひきおこして感染に成功することが明かになった(島根大)。ナシ黒斑病菌毒素の合成過程を遺伝子レベルで解析し、中間体を確認するとともに(名大)、この毒素が感染初期に宿主細胞機能を破壊して宿主細胞を受容することを明かにした(鳥取大)。トマトの多細胞カルスに注入されたTMVは、カルス細胞間移行でも抑制作用を受けることが明かとなった(近畿大)。

Research Products

(18 results)

All Other

All Publications (18 results)

[Publications] Toyoda,H.et al.: "Multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco callus tissues and in vitro selection for viral disease resistance" Plant cell Reports. 8. 433-436 (1989)
[Publications] Nakatsuka,S.et al.: "Biosynthetic origin of(8R,9S)-9,10-epoxy-8hydroxy-9-methyl-deca-(2E,4Z,6E)-trienoic acids,a precursor of AK-toxins produced by Alternaria alternata" Phytochemistry. (1990)
[Publications] Masago,H.et al.: "Differentiation and identification of Phytophthora species by two-dimensional electrophoresis" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan. 55. 336-343 (1989)
[Publications] Arase,S.et al.: "studies on host-selective infection mechanism of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara(2).Production of susceptibility-inducing factors(s)from germinating spores and their Phytotoxicity" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan.
[Publications] Arase,S.et al.: "Studies on host-selective infection mechanism of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara(3).Light-dependency of leaf necrosis formation by toxin(s)from germinating spores" Annals of the phytopathological Society of Japan.
[Publications] Yoshikawa,M.et al.: "A nobel mechanism for ethylene-induced disease resistance in soybean;enhanced synthesis of a phyoalexin-releasing factor,B-1,3-endoglucanase" Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology.
[Publications] Shimomura,N.et al.: "Two action sites of Ak-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological significance" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan.
[Publications] 浅田泰次他: "木化誘導因子" 遺伝. 43. 31-34 (1989)
[Publications] 松本勲他: "2-クロロエチルホスホン酸処理によるダイコン根およびキュウリ葉における木化誘導因子の作用の活性化" 日本植物病理学会報. (1990)
[Publications] Kunoh,H.et al.: "Induced accessibility and enhanced inaccessibility at the cellular level in barley coleoptiles.V.Duration of stimulus by a non-pathogen in relation to enhanced inaccessibility" Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. 35. 507-518 (1989)
[Publications] Kunoh,H.: "Ultrastructure and mobilization of ions near infection sites" Annual Review of Phytopathology. (1990)
[Publications] Nelson,et al.: "Respective role of the epidermis and mesophyll in the resistance of barley to powdery mildew" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan. 55. 156-160 (1989)
[Publications] Yamada,T.et al.: "Suppression of pisatin,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase mRNA,and chalcone synthase mRNA accumulation by a putative pathogenicity factor from the fungus Mycosphaerella pinodes" Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 2. 256-261 (1989)
[Publications] Shiraishi,T.et al.: "Infection enhancing factor for Erysiphe graminis prepared from healthy barley seedlings" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan. 55. 357-360 (1989)
[Publications] Yamada,T.et al.: "Elicitor-like substances present in barley and wheat seeds" Journal of Phytopathology. (1990)
[Publications] Yamada,T.et al.: "Interactions between Plants and microorganisms" Faculty of Science,National University of Singapore, 224 (1989)
[Publications] Ouchi,S.et al.: "Phytoalexins and Plant Pathogenesis" Springer-Verlag, 508 (1989)
[Publications] Kunoh,H.et al.: "Electronmicroscopy of plant pathogens" Springer-Verlag, (1990)

1989 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

植物感染における情報伝達の分子機構

Principal Investigator

久能 均 三重大学, 生物資源学部, 教授 (20024573)

Research Products

[Publications] Toyoda,H.et al.: "Multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco callus tissues and in vitro selection for viral disease resistance" Plant cell Reports. 8. 433-436 (1989)

[Publications] Nakatsuka,S.et al.: "Biosynthetic origin of(8R,9S)-9,10-epoxy-8hydroxy-9-methyl-deca-(2E,4Z,6E)-trienoic acids,a precursor of AK-toxins produced by Alternaria alternata" Phytochemistry. (1990)

[Publications] Masago,H.et al.: "Differentiation and identification of Phytophthora species by two-dimensional electrophoresis" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan. 55. 336-343 (1989)

[Publications] Arase,S.et al.: "studies on host-selective infection mechanism of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara(2).Production of susceptibility-inducing factors(s)from germinating spores and their Phytotoxicity" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan.

[Publications] Arase,S.et al.: "Studies on host-selective infection mechanism of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara(3).Light-dependency of leaf necrosis formation by toxin(s)from germinating spores" Annals of the phytopathological Society of Japan.

[Publications] Yoshikawa,M.et al.: "A nobel mechanism for ethylene-induced disease resistance in soybean;enhanced synthesis of a phyoalexin-releasing factor,B-1,3-endoglucanase" Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology.

[Publications] Shimomura,N.et al.: "Two action sites of Ak-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological significance" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan.

[Publications] 浅田泰次他: "木化誘導因子" 遺伝. 43. 31-34 (1989)

[Publications] 松本勲他: "2-クロロエチルホスホン酸処理によるダイコン根およびキュウリ葉における木化誘導因子の作用の活性化" 日本植物病理学会報. (1990)

[Publications] Kunoh,H.et al.: "Induced accessibility and enhanced inaccessibility at the cellular level in barley coleoptiles.V.Duration of stimulus by a non-pathogen in relation to enhanced inaccessibility" Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. 35. 507-518 (1989)

[Publications] Kunoh,H.: "Ultrastructure and mobilization of ions near infection sites" Annual Review of Phytopathology. (1990)

[Publications] Nelson,et al.: "Respective role of the epidermis and mesophyll in the resistance of barley to powdery mildew" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan. 55. 156-160 (1989)

[Publications] Yamada,T.et al.: "Suppression of pisatin,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase mRNA,and chalcone synthase mRNA accumulation by a putative pathogenicity factor from the fungus Mycosphaerella pinodes" Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 2. 256-261 (1989)

[Publications] Shiraishi,T.et al.: "Infection enhancing factor for Erysiphe graminis prepared from healthy barley seedlings" Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan. 55. 357-360 (1989)

[Publications] Yamada,T.et al.: "Elicitor-like substances present in barley and wheat seeds" Journal of Phytopathology. (1990)

[Publications] Yamada,T.et al.: "Interactions between Plants and microorganisms" Faculty of Science,National University of Singapore, 224 (1989)

[Publications] Ouchi,S.et al.: "Phytoalexins and Plant Pathogenesis" Springer-Verlag, 508 (1989)

[Publications] Kunoh,H.et al.: "Electronmicroscopy of plant pathogens" Springer-Verlag, (1990)

久能均三重大学, 生物資源学部, 教授 (20024573)