1990 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Development of the Japanese Medaka as a Laboratory Animal with Genetic and Environmental Control.
| Project/Area Number |
01304054
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Laboratory animal science
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| Research Institution | University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
SHIMA Akihiro Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo Professor, 理学部, 教授 (60011590)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
UWA H. Shinshu Univ. Professor, 理学部, 教授 (20020662)
IWAMATSU T. Aichi Univ. of Education Professor, 教育学部, 教授 (90023994)
YAMAGAMI K. Sophia Univ. Professor, 理工学部, 教授 (50011474)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1989 – 1990
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| Keywords | Medaka / Laboratory animals / Morphological characteristics / Biochemical characteristics / Chromosomes / Germーcell mutations / Inbred strains / Polymorphism |
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| Research Abstract |
The following results were obtained from our 2 years' study :
1. The two dimensional electrophoretic analysis of muscle and egg proteins was successfully used for identification of species of the genus oryzias. 2. The hatching enzyme of the Medaka was found to consist of two different proteases, HCE and LCE, and the two components were purified and characterized. 3. The muscle LDH-A_4 and ーB_4 isozymes of the Medaka were purified and partially characterized. 4. Several possibilities were pointed out with regard to the hybrid sterility in the genus Oryzias. 5. The method to obtain continuous bands in chromosomes was established using trypsinーGiemsa as well as BrdU method. 6. The C banding and NOR banding methods were successfully applied for the chromosomes of O. curvinotus and O. minutillusB. 7. The Japanese Medaka was definitively confirmed to consist of 4 major populations. The Nei's genetic distance was estimated to be 0.3 to 0.5, which was a fairly large value for intraspecies variation. 8. The attempt was started and continued to establish inbred strains in dーrr, Da and Korean Medaka. 9. The method for genetic monitoring of the inbred strains thus far obtained was established by the use of polymorphisms with regard to 8 marker enzymes. 10. The new 6 mutations at the b allele were isolated from F_1 progeny obtained by the Medaka specific-locus test system that has been developed by ourselves using gamma-rays and ethylnitrosoures, a potent chemical mutagen. In these new mutants, the extent of melanizatin of eyes body surface was less than that in the mutants at the b and b^p Poci, indicating that all the 6 mutations newly isolated were recessive even to b and b<@1p>@D1, possibly the bottom allele at the b locus. 11. The MLR assay procedure was developed using leukocytes of the goldfish, and was started being applied for the Medaka. 12. The spontaneous as well as chemically induced tumors in the Medaka were characterized from a view point of comparative oncology.
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[Publications] Kimura, I., Kinae, N., Kumai, H., Yamashita, M., Nakamura, M., Ando, M., Ishida, H. & Tomita, I.: "Environment : Peculiar pigment cell neoplasm in fish." J. Invest. Dermatol.92. 248S-254S
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