1992 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Development of Biotechnology-oriented Plant Disease Control Measures
| Project/Area Number |
01440009
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
植物保護
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| Research Institution | Kinki University |
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Principal Investigator |
OUCHI Seiji Kinki University,Plant Pathology,Professor, 農学部, 教授 (70026433)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
FUKAMIZO Tamo Kinki University,Enzyme Chemistry,Associate Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (50181243)
UTSUMI Ryutaro Kinki University,Bio-chemistry,Associate Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (20151912)
TOYODA Hideyoshi Kinki University,Plant Pathology,Associate Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (00150805)
ENOKI Akio Kinki University,Wood Chemistry,Professor, 農学部, 教授 (80027169)
GOTO Sachio Kinki University,Physical Chemistry,Professor, 農学部, 教授 (00012716)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1989 – 1992
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| Keywords | Biological Control / Antagonistic bacteria / Microinjection / Electroporation / in situ hybridization / Lignolysis / Host-parasite interaction / Somaclonal variation / Transgenic plants |
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| Research Abstract |
Some novel strategies of plant disease control was established by the use of biotechnology techniques. 1. A measure of fungal disease control was established by the use of antibiosis in soil between plant pathogenic fungi and their antagonists. Chitinases were purified from chitinolytic bacteria and characterized in terms of mode of action,and genes for their production was cloned into E.coli and sequenced. Alginate beads containing these bacteria were effective in controlling Fusarium diseases of tomato and strawberry, provided they were added in chition and Zeolite-amended soils. 2. Vectors for the transformation of Fusarium species and powdery mildew fungi were constructed and expression of reporter genes connected to these vectors were analyzed after microinjection or electroporation into fungal structures. Both fungi were transformed to contain foreign genes in their chromosome. 3. Conditions for introduction and expression of foreign genes in fungal cells were specified by microi
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njection technique. Transcripts were analyzed by in situ hybridization and translation products were detected by cytochemical or immunochemical reaction after pricking introduction of respective detecting agents. 4.Molecular mechanisms of lignin degradation by wood-decay fungi were elucidated at the level of enzyme chemistry. Microbial succession of microbes during wood-decay was also characterized to select effective microbes which compete with wood decay fungi. 5. Bacteriophages of Pseudomonas solanacearum were isolated from infested soils and characterized of their infectivities to different stains of the bacterium. As a factor detrminign their host speficities, genes encoding capsid proteins were cloned and partly sequenced. 6. Baterial wilt-resistant tomato lines and Fusarial wilt and Anthrachose resistant strawberry lines were obtained by the use of somaclonal variation induced during tissue culture. 7. CMV-resistant transgenic melon was produced through infection of melon leaf discs by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Less
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