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1990 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Basic Research on Structure-Fluctuation-Function Relation of Food Proteins

Research Project

Project/Area Number 01560142
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 製造化学・食品
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

GEKKO Kunihiko  Nagoya University, Faculty of Agriculture, Associate Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (10023467)

Project Period (FY) 1989 – 1990
KeywordsFood proteins / Fluctuation / Structure / Function / Compressibility
Research Abstract

To elucidate the fluctuation-structure-function relationships of food proteins, the adiabatic compressibility, beta, of various egg and milk proteins was determined by means of sound velocity and density measurements in aqueous solutions. All the protein showed positive beta values, indicating the large internal flexibility characteristic of the protein molecules. On the basis of statistical analyses of beta, the flexibility-structureーfunction relationship was discussed in terms of the internal cavity and hydration, focusing on the hydrophobicity of proteins. It was found that beta increases with increasing partial specific volume and hydrophobicity of proteins. The helix element also seemed to be a dynamic domein to increase beta. Four amino acid residues (Leu, Glu, Phe, and His) greatly increased beta, and another four (Asn, Gly, Ser, and Thr) decreased it. Some empirical equations were derived for the estimation of the beta values of unknown proteins on the basis of their amino acid compositions. The volume fluctuations of proteins revealed by the compressibility data were in the range of 30-200 ml/mol, which corresponded to about 0.3 % of the total protein volume. Most proteases and protease inhibitors were less compressible compared with nutrient (storage) proteins such as egg and milk proteins while an extreemely high flexibility was observed for the transport proteins. Protease susceptibility, foaming capacity, and free energy of unfolding of proteins were positively correlated to beta. The conformational fluctuation seemed to enhance the thermal stability of proteins. These results indicate that the flexibility of the structure plays an essential role in the conformational stability and functional properties of food proteins.

  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All Other

All Publications (8 results)

  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko: "Flexibility of Food Proteins as Revealed by Compressibility" Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 39. 57-62 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko: "Effect of Temperature on the Compressibility of Native Globular Proteins" Journal of Physical Chemistry. 93. 426-429 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko(分担),ed.by H.Levine and L.Slade: "Water Relations in FoodsーAdvances in the 1980's and Trends for the 1990's" Plenum Press,

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko(分担),ed.by J.Drout.J.J.Risso and J.C.Rostain: "Proceedings of the IInd International Meeting on High Pressure Biology" International Group on High Pressure Biology,

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko: "Flexibility of Food Proteins as Revealed by Compressibility" Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 39. 57-62. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko: "Effect of Temperature on the Compressibility of Native Globular Proteins" Journal of Physical Chemistry. 93. 426-429. (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko: "Flexibility of Globular Proteins in Water as Revealed by Compressibility." "Water Relations in Foods - Advances in the 1980s and Trends for the 1990s" (ed. by H. Levine and L. Slade), Plenum Press. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kunihiko Gekko: "Compressibility-Structure Relationships of Proteins" "Proceedings of the IInd International Meeting on High Pressure Biology" (ed. by J. Drout, J. J. Risso and J. C. Rostain), International Group on High Pressure Biology,. Paper No. 38.(1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1993-08-12  

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