| Research Abstract |
Investigations have been made on the problems concerning to the development of quantum physics in early 20th Century : the problems of new features of experimental physics, the formation of new theoretical logical system of quantum mechanics, and the revolutional change of world view points.
As for the experiments, starting from the discovery of new phenomena concerning to the atomic world such as radiation rays, the source materials and the detecting apparatus for them were newly developed and remarkably improved. This led to the recognization of the importance to realize the physical state in its extremity. The systematization of the physical experimental system, regarded as one to be consisted of three parts -- input system (source), reaction system and detection system -- were achieved. Theoretical foundations were also given for experimental physics.
On the other hand, progress of the theoretical considerations was more characteristic, especially in the introduction and prosperity of methodology, for example, the adiavatic theorem, the correspondence principle, etc., besides the change of the mathematical formulations.
The establishments of the concepts of the elementarity of matter in its existence, the meaning of the fundamental constants, as well as the invariant quantity and conservation law were also investigated. This was the way to the achievement of the modern physical world view point.
Finally, the problem of "observation" was also studied. As the dynamical law of quantum mechanics could be detected only through the classical (macroscopic) apparatus which is governed by irreversible process, the concepts of quantum world appear themselves through the irreversible observation. This situation has an analogy to the process in the living organisms, but the analysis for which achieved at present is not yet satisfactory. Further researches should be prepared in future, to our opinion.
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