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1992 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Molecular population genetical studies of evolution.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 02304001
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 遺伝学
Research InstitutionKYUSHU UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

YAMAZAKI Tsuneyuki  KYUSHU UNIV. SCIENCE, PROFESSOR, 理学部, 教授 (10108649)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ISHIWA Sadao  OCHANOMIZU UNIV. SCIENCE, PROFESSOR, 理学部, 教授 (20017205)
TOBARI Yoshiko  TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV. SCIENCE, PROFESSOR, 理学部, 教授 (20087125)
TAKAHATA Naoyuki  THE GRADUATE UNIV. FOR ADVANCED STUDIES, PROFESSOR, 生命科学研究科, 教授 (30124217)
OHTA Tomoko  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENETICS, PROFESSOR, 集団遺伝系, 教授 (80000256)
KIMURA Motoo  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENETICS, HONORARY PROFESSOR, 集団遺伝系, 名誉教授 (20000226)
Project Period (FY) 1990 – 1992
Keywordsmolecular evolution / adaptive evolution, / molecular population genetics / multigene family / mutation rate / ショウジョウバエ
Research Abstract

Recent progress in molecular biology has brought a large impact on the study of evolution. In the present project, we investigated the amount of polymorphisms and structures and changes of genes at the molecular level using Drosophila (Yamazaki,Tobari,Ishiwa,Kusakabe and Takano) and wild plants (Miyashita) as model organisms. These studies have revealed various aspects of molecular evolution. As many previous studies had shown, most molecular data are compatible with the neutral theory of molecular evolution proposed by Kimura in 1968 which states that most gene substitutions at the molecular level are due to random fixations of selectively neutral mutations. However, by selecting genes, period (behavior) and amylase (inducible), which are directly involved in organismal response to the environments, we obtained experimental evidences of adaptive amino acid substitutions especially during speciation. Also Hiroyoshi found interesting phenomena in his study on sex determination factors i … More n house flies and now molecular approaches to clarify this phenomena are in progress. Harada estimated the spontaneous mutation rate of isozyme loci, which is a very important parameter in the study of evolution, to be 7 x 10^<-7> per generation.
As to theoretical studies, much progress was made in the development of the neutral theory (Kimura,Ohta,Tajima,Tachida and Iizuka), the methodology of constructing phylogeny (Tajima), evolutionary theories of multigene families and repeated sequences (Ohta and Tachida) and studies on the maintenance mechanisms of polymorphisms (Takahata). In our project, we attempted to understand the molecular mechanisms of adaptive evolution combining theoretical and experimental approaches. Our findings are considered to be landmarks to this new area of molecular evolution which investigates the interrelationships between the phenotypic evolution and the molecular evolution. We now believe that the unified understanding of evolution at both (molecular and phenotypic) levels is within our reach. Less

  • Research Products

    (30 results)

All Other

All Publications (30 results)

  • [Publications] Nitasaka,E.and Yamazaki,T.: "The molecular analysis of brown eye color mutations isolated form geographically discrete populations of Drosophila melanogaster." Proc.Natl.Acod.Sci.USA. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Nitasaka,E.and Yamazaki,T.: "The relationship between DNA structural variations and activities of P elements in P and Q strains of Drosophila melanogaster." Genetical Research. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohta,T.: "The oretical study of near neutrality.II.Effect of subdivided populaton structure with local extinction and recolonization." Genetics. 130. 917-923 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohta,T.: "The meaning of natural selection revisited at the moleculer level." Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 7. 311-312 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahata,N.,Satta,Y.and Klein,J.: "Polymorphism and balancinh selection at major histocompatibility complex loci." Genetics. 130. 925-938 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Morita,T.,Takagata,N.et.al.: "Recent and World-wide introgression to Mus musculus." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 89. 6851-6855 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Matsubayashi,H.,Tobari,Y.N.etal.: "Cytological mappinh of Om mutants of Drosophila ananassae." Jpn.J.Genet.67. 259-264 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kaneko,M.,Satta,Y.,Matsuura,E.T.and Chigusa,S.: "Evolution of the mitochondrial ATP ase 6 gene in Drosophila.:Unusually high level of polymorphism in D.melanogaster." Genetical Research. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Harada,K.,Kusakabe,S.and Mukai,T.: "Comparative study of P element activity in two natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster." Jpn.J.Genet.66. 725-737 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Koga,A.,Harada,K.,Kusakabe,S.and Mukai,T.: "Spontaneous mutations affecting glycerol -3- phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in Drosophila malanogaster." Jpn.J.Genet.67. 125-132 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tachida,H.and Iizuka,M.: "Persistence of repeated seguences that evolve by replication slippage." Genetics.131. 471-478 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Maruyama,K.and Tachida,H.: "Genetic variability and geographical structure in partially selfing populations." Jan.J.Genet.67. 39-51 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tajima,F.: "Statistical method for estimating the standard errors of branch lengths in a phylogenetics tree reconstructed without assuming egual rates of uncleotide among different lineages." Molecular Biology and Evolution. 9. 168-181 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tajima,F.: "Statistical nethod for estimating the effective population sezi in pacific salmon." J.of Heredity. 83. 309-311 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kaplan,N.L.,Hudson,R.R.and Iizuka,M.: "The coalescent process in models with selection,recombination and geographic subdivision." Genetical Research Camb.57. 83-91 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tachida,H.and Iizuka,M.: "Fixation probability in spatially changing environments." Genetical Research Camb.58. 243-251 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahata,N.: "The Proceeding of the 17th Taniguchi International Symposium on Biophsics." Japan Scientific Society Press., (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahata,N.: "Molecular Paleopopulation Biology." Japan Scientific Society Press., (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tobari,Y.N.: "Drosophila ananassaeーGenetical and Biological Aspects" Japan Scientific Societics Press., (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 舘田 英典,向井 輝美: "実験集団遺伝学と進化「講座進化6,分子から見た進化」" 東京大学出版会, (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Nitasaka,E. and Yamazaki,T.: "The molecular analysis of brown eye color mutations isolated from geographically discrete populations of Drosophila melanogaster." Proc. Nati. Acad. Sei. USA. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohta,T.: "Theoretical study of near neutrality. II. Effect of subdivided population structure with local extinction and recolonization." Genetics. 130. 917-923 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahata,N., Satta,Y. and Klein,J.: "Polymorphism and balancing selection at major histocompatibility complex loci." Genetics. 130. 925-938 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Matsubayashi,H., Tobari,Y.N. et al.: "Cytological mapping of Om mutants of Drosophila ananassae." Jpn. J. Genet.67. 259-264 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Harada,K., Kusakabe,S. and Mukai,T.: "Comparative study of P element activity in two natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster." Jpn. J. Genet. 66. 725-737 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tachida,H. and Iizuka,M.: "Presistence of repeated sequences that evolve by replication slippage." Genetics. 131. 471-478 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tajima,F.: "Statistical method for estimating the effective population size in Pacific salmon." J. of Heredity. 83. 309-311 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kaplan,N.L., Hedson,R.R. and Iizuka,M.: "The coalescent process in models with selection, recombination and geographic subdivision." Genetical Research Camb. 57. 83-91 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tachida,H. and Iizuka,M.: "Fixation probability in spatially changing environments." Genetical Research Camb. 58. 243-251 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tobari,Y.N: Japan Scientific Societics Press. Drosophila ananassae - Genetical and Biological Aspects., (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1994-03-24  

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