1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

新しい天然薬物資源の開拓ー伝承の解明と生物活性物質の探索ー

Research Project

Project/Area Number	02403027
Research Institution	Osaka University
Principal Investigator	北川勲大阪大学, 薬学部, 教授 (20028830)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	小林資正大阪大学, 薬学部, 助手 (40116033) 渋谷博孝大阪大学, 薬学部, 助教授 (50116042) 吉川雅之大阪大学, 薬学部, 助教授 (90116129)
Keywords	天然薬物 / 生薬 / 修治 / 生物活性物質 / 海洋生物 / 甘草 / 海綿 / 植物プランクトン
Research Abstract	多くの生薬が修治と称する加工調製ののち医療に用いられている。本研究では、重要生薬の修治における含有成分の化学変化を解析し、生薬の有効成分を探索してきた。また、医食同源に関する伝承を科学的に解明する目的で、マメ科食用種子や茶などの生物活性成分を探索してきた。さらに、新しい天然薬物資源を海洋生物に求めて生物活性物質を探索し、これまでに以下の成果を得た。 1.日本産アカヤジオウやカイケイジオウから調製した乾地黄と熟地黄の含有成分を精査し、先に構造解明した10種のイリドイド成分のほか、セレブロシド、フェノ-ル性配糖体、オリゴ糖など多種類の成分について、修治による含量の変動を分析した。2.基源植物と産地が確認された中国新彊自治区産甘草3種と東北地区産甘草1種について、顕著な甘味を有するapioglycyrrhizinなど先に構造解明した13種のサポニン成分を指標して比較定量分析し、産地の違いによりサポニン組成が大きく異なることを明らかにした。3.大豆からカルシウムイオン捕捉能を有する2種のスフィンゴ糖脂質soyaーcerebroside IおよびIIを単離構造解明した。そしてsoyaーcerebroside IIがヒト赤血球内カルシウムイオン濃度の上昇作用を示すことを見出した。4.沖縄産海綿<Theonella>___ー <swinhoei>___ーから顕著な細胞毒性を示すswinholide Aを単離し、特異な44員環二量体マクロリド構造を有するその全立体構造を明らかにした。さらに3種の微量二量体マクロリド成分を得、それらの全化学構造を明らかにした。5.赤潮プランクトンの1種<Heterosigma>___ー <akashiwo>___ーから、EPAなどω3高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸とする3種のグリセロ糖脂質heterosigmaーglycolipid I,II,およびIIIを単離し構造を解明した。その結果、魚油中に含まれるEPAの起源が食餌のプランクトンに由来する可能性を示した。

Research Products
(15 results)

All Other

All Publications (15 results)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Chemical Studies on Crude Drug Processing VII.On the Constituents of Rehmanniar Radix (1):Absolute Stereoーstructures of Rehmaglutins A,B,and D isolated from Chinese Rehmanniae Radix,the Dried Root of R.glutinose." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 39. (1991)
[Publications] Isao kitagawa: "Licoriceーsaponins F3,G2,H2,J2,and K2,Five New Oleaneneーtriterpene Oligosides from the Root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 39. 244-246 (1991)
[Publications] Hirotaka Shibuya: "Sphingolipids and Glycerolipids.I.Chemical Structures and Ionophoretic Activities of Soyacerebroside I and II from Soybean." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 38. 2933-2938 (1990)
[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "A New Method for Measuring Ionophoretic Activity using a Glassーcell Apparatus Equipped with Artificial Membranes." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 1416-1418 (1989)
[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Ionophoretic Activities of Oligopeptide Lactones and Resinーglycosides in Human Erythrocytes." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 1679-1681 (1989)
[Publications] Hirotaka Shibuya: "Synthesis of Two Pairs of Enantiomeric C_<18>ーSphingosines." Tetrahedron Letters. 30. 7205-7208 (1989)
[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Marine Natural Products.XVIII.Four Lanostaneーtype Triterpene Oligoglycosides,Bivittosides A,B,C,and D,from the Okinawan Sea Cucumber Bohadschia bivittata Mitsukuri." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 61-67 (1989)
[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Heterosigmaーglycolipids I and II,Two New Galactolipids Containing Octadecatetraenoyl and Eicosapentaenoyl Residues,from a Raphidophyte Dinoflagellate Heterosigma sp." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 849-851 (1989)
[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Araguspongines B,C,D,E,F,G,H,and J,New Vasodilative Bisーlーoxaquinolizidine Alkaloids from an Okinawan Marine Sponge,Xestospongia sp." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 1676-1678 (1989)
[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Aragupetrosine A,a New Vasodilative Macrocyclic Quinolizidine Alkaloid from an Okinawan Marine Sponge Xestospongia sp." Tetrahedron Letters. 30. 4149-4152 (1989)
[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Marine Natural Products.XX.Bioactive Scalaraneーtype Bishomosesterterpenes from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Phyllospongia foliascens." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 2078-2082 (1989)
[Publications] Nobuyuki Harada: "Absolute Stereochemistry of the Halenaquinol Family,Marine Natural Products with a Novel Pentacyclic Skeleton,As Determined by the Theoretical Calculation of Circular Dichroism Spectra." J.Am.Chem.Soc.,. 111. 5668-5674 (1989)
[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Absolute Stereostructure of Swinholide A.a Potent Cytotoxic Macrolide from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Theonella swinhoei." J.Am.Chem.Soc.,. 112. 3710-3712 (1990)
[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Marine Natural Products.XXII.The Absolute Stereoーstructure of Swinholide A,a Potent Cytotoxic Dimeric Macrolide from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Theonella swinhoei." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 38. 2409-2418 (1990)
[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Marine Natural Products.XXIII.Three New Cytotoxic Dimeric Macrolides,Swinholides B and C and Isoswinholide A,Congeners of Swinholide A,from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Theonella swinhoei." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 28. 2960-2966 (1990)

1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

新しい天然薬物資源の開拓ー伝承の解明と生物活性物質の探索ー

Principal Investigator

北川 勲 大阪大学, 薬学部, 教授 (20028830)

Research Products

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Chemical Studies on Crude Drug Processing VII.On the Constituents of Rehmanniar Radix (1):Absolute Stereoーstructures of Rehmaglutins A,B,and D isolated from Chinese Rehmanniae Radix,the Dried Root of R.glutinose." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 39. (1991)

[Publications] Isao kitagawa: "Licoriceーsaponins F3,G2,H2,J2,and K2,Five New Oleaneneーtriterpene Oligosides from the Root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 39. 244-246 (1991)

[Publications] Hirotaka Shibuya: "Sphingolipids and Glycerolipids.I.Chemical Structures and Ionophoretic Activities of Soyacerebroside I and II from Soybean." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 38. 2933-2938 (1990)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "A New Method for Measuring Ionophoretic Activity using a Glassーcell Apparatus Equipped with Artificial Membranes." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 1416-1418 (1989)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Ionophoretic Activities of Oligopeptide Lactones and Resinーglycosides in Human Erythrocytes." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 1679-1681 (1989)

[Publications] Hirotaka Shibuya: "Synthesis of Two Pairs of Enantiomeric C_<18>ーSphingosines." Tetrahedron Letters. 30. 7205-7208 (1989)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Marine Natural Products.XVIII.Four Lanostaneーtype Triterpene Oligoglycosides,Bivittosides A,B,C,and D,from the Okinawan Sea Cucumber Bohadschia bivittata Mitsukuri." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 61-67 (1989)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Heterosigmaーglycolipids I and II,Two New Galactolipids Containing Octadecatetraenoyl and Eicosapentaenoyl Residues,from a Raphidophyte Dinoflagellate Heterosigma sp." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 849-851 (1989)

[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Araguspongines B,C,D,E,F,G,H,and J,New Vasodilative Bisーlーoxaquinolizidine Alkaloids from an Okinawan Marine Sponge,Xestospongia sp." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 1676-1678 (1989)

[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Aragupetrosine A,a New Vasodilative Macrocyclic Quinolizidine Alkaloid from an Okinawan Marine Sponge Xestospongia sp." Tetrahedron Letters. 30. 4149-4152 (1989)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Marine Natural Products.XX.Bioactive Scalaraneーtype Bishomosesterterpenes from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Phyllospongia foliascens." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 37. 2078-2082 (1989)

[Publications] Nobuyuki Harada: "Absolute Stereochemistry of the Halenaquinol Family,Marine Natural Products with a Novel Pentacyclic Skeleton,As Determined by the Theoretical Calculation of Circular Dichroism Spectra." J.Am.Chem.Soc.,. 111. 5668-5674 (1989)

[Publications] Isao Kitagawa: "Absolute Stereostructure of Swinholide A.a Potent Cytotoxic Macrolide from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Theonella swinhoei." J.Am.Chem.Soc.,. 112. 3710-3712 (1990)

[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Marine Natural Products.XXII.The Absolute Stereoーstructure of Swinholide A,a Potent Cytotoxic Dimeric Macrolide from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Theonella swinhoei." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 38. 2409-2418 (1990)

[Publications] Motomasa Kobayashi: "Marine Natural Products.XXIII.Three New Cytotoxic Dimeric Macrolides,Swinholides B and C and Isoswinholide A,Congeners of Swinholide A,from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Theonella swinhoei." Chem.Pharm.Bull.,. 28. 2960-2966 (1990)

北川勲大阪大学, 薬学部, 教授 (20028830)