1991 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Chemical Reaction At Ultralow Temperature
| Project/Area Number |
02453077
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
工業物理化学・複合材料
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
MIYAZAKI Tetsuo Nagoya Univ., Faculty of Engineering, Associate Prof., 工学部, 助教授 (90023126)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1990 – 1991
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| Keywords | Tunneling Effect / Ultralow Temperature / Tunneling Reaction / Pulse Radiolysis / Electron Spin Resonance / Chemical Kinetics / Radiation Chemistry / Hydrogen Atom |
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| Research Abstract |
It has been considered previous1y that a11 chemica1 reactions are suppressed at ultralow temperatures near 4 K. Thus, ultralow temperature has begn used for stabilization and detection of unstable reaction intermediates. Miyazaki has proposed other important characteristic that only quantum tunneling reactions can be studied at ultralow temperature because of the suppression of thermally activated reactions. Tunneling reactions and related subjects at ultralow temperatures were studied here both by optical absorption measurement after pulse rad'iolysis and by ESR measurement after gamma-radiolysis. The first result in this research is a tunneling reaction of H(D) atoms with hydrogen molecules and trapping sites of H(D) atoms in solid hydrogen. The second one is a tunneling reaction of recoil T atoms with hydrogen molecules and competitive processes with the tunneling reaction. The third one is an ion-molecule. reaction of anions and a fragmentation of cations. The role of tunneling is shown in the ion-molecule reaction. The last one is reactions in the gamma-irradiated frozen cells. Since mammalian cells can be frozen in the living state, chemical reactions of free radicals observed by ESR can be compared with biological effects.
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