1991 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Genetic studies on domestication and strain defierentiation of Japanses quail
| Project/Area Number |
02660272
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
畜産学(含草地学)
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| Research Institution | Gifu University |
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Principal Investigator |
KUMURA Masao Gifu Univ., Facult. Agric., Professor, 農学部, 教授 (10021693)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1990 – 1991
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| Keywords | Japanses quail / Protein polymorphism / Strain Differentiation / Feral Japanses quail / Population genetics |
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| Research Abstract |
To evaluate genetic variability within and between populations of domestic Japanses quail, and to compare it with that of wild Japanses quail, enzymes and proteins encoded by 34 loci were examined by starch or agar gel electrophoresis.
1) Average proportion of polymorphic loci and average heterozygosity per individual estimated for 25 domestic quail populations were 0.318 and 0.097, respectively. These values were almost similar to those reported by Kimura & Fujii (1989) for the 3 wild quail populations.
2) Fst value (Wright, 1965) calculated for the domestic quail populations (0.175) was 10 times larger than that for the wild populations (0.017). Average D value (Nei, 1975) was estimated to be 0.0218 among the domestic quail populations and 0.0048 among the wild populations. The magnitude of genetic differentiation among the domestic quail populations was in a range from 1/2 to 1/3 of that reported by Okada (1984) for his chicken breeds.
3) Phylogenetic relationships were examined by a principal component analysis. As has been demonstrated previously (Kimura & Fujii, 1989), the wild and the domestic quail populations formed different clusters in the scatter diagrams. Furthermore two Canadian quail populations selected for heavy body weight were out-lying points at places far from either cluster and also far from one another.
Feral quail population in Hawaii formed a new cluster. The Hawaiian quail have originated from the domestic birds introduced in 1920's from Japan. It is significant to note the Hawaiian quail as a relic.
4) Genetic variabilities of the Bobwhite and the Chinese Painted quail were significantly lower than those of the Japanses quail, but were in the range estimated by Kimura & Fujii (1989) for 42 avain species.
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