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1993 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Study on origins of man and living apes in East Africa

Research Project

Project/Area Number 03041045
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
SectionField Research
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

ISHIDA Hidemi  Kyoto Univ. Faculty of Science, professor, 理学部, 教授 (60027480)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ミィーブ リーキー  ケニア国立博物館, 古生物学研究部門, 部長
NAKATSUKASA Masato  Osaka Medical College, 医学部, 助手 (00227828)
NAKAYA Hideo  Kagawa Univ. Faculty of Education, 教育学部, 助教授 (20180424)
MAKINOUCHI Takeshi  Meijou Univ. Faculty of Science and Technology, 理工学部, 助教授 (50131214)
SAWADA Atsuhiro  Shimane Univ. Faculty of Science, 理学部, 助教授 (80196328)
ISHIDA Shiro  Yamaguchi Univ. Faculty of Science, 理学部, 教授 (40025268)
MEAVE leakey  Kenya National Museum Palaeontology
Project Period (FY) 1991 – 1993
Keywordsorigin of man / origin of modern great apes / Miocene palaeenvironment / Samburu-hominoid / Kenyapithecus / 地質学 / サンブル=ホミノイド / ケニアピテク
Research Abstract

As shown in the title of our project, the major objectives have been to make clear the origin of hominids and origin of modern African apes. Originally, we had planned to conduct field surveys in Kenya and Zaire. The former was to discover fossils of proto-hominids, and the latter was to discover ancestors of chimpanzees and gorillas. A political situation of Zaire, however, has been worse since late spring of 1991. Therefore, we stopped having the field survey in Zaire. The areas studied in Kenya are Samburu Hills and Nachola area.
On the basis of stratigraphy, the Neogene System in the areas is divided into following seven formations in ascending order : Nachola F. (19-15Ma), Aka Aiteputh F. (15-10Ma), Namurungule F. (10-7Ma), Nanyangaten-Kongia F. (7-5Ma), and Tirr-Tirr F. (4Ma). From the geological and geochronological data, an extremely marked structural gap is recognized between the Namurungule and Nanyangaten formations indicating many faults in Nachola, Aka Aiteputh and Namurungule formations but few in the upper formations from Nanyangaten Formation. The faults in the lower three formations is indicating a major tectonic movement of rift system in age from 9 to 8 Ma.
The numerous equid and bovid remains have been found from the Namurungule Formation. These taxa indicates the open woodland to savanna environments. It seems that the Namurungule Fauna might have been the forerunner of the modern Sub-Saharan fauna in savanna and woodland environments. A large hominoid, Samburu-hominoid, was discovered from the formation. The hominoid might have been terrestrial knuckle-walkers or bipeds. Additional discoveries of the hominoids are strongly expected for a discussion of the origin of hominids.

  • Research Products

    (50 results)

All Other

All Publications (50 results)

  • [Publications] 石田英実: "なぜヒトが人になったか" 科学朝日. 54. 14-16 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 石田英実: "人類の析出に向けて(1)ケニアピテクス" JANESニュースレター. 3. 3-4 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "Food habits and locomotor modes of middle and late Miocene hominoids from northern Kenya(preliminary report)." J.Anthropol.Soc.Nippon. 100. 221 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "Fossil mammals from the Neogene strata in the Sinda basin." Afr.Stud.Monog.Suppl.Issue. 17. 87-107 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 石田英実ほか: "ケニアピテクス上顎第2大臼歯咬合観の等高線図による比較解析" 霊長類研究. 7. 170 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 石田英実他: "ケニアピテクスのロコモーション様式:尺骨近位部化石の3次元計測に基づく解析" 科研費総合A「ホミノイド(ヒト上科)における二足歩行の起源と進化」成果報告書.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] S.Ishida et al.: "Geology of the Sinda-Mohari region,Haut-Zaire Province,eastern Zaire." Afr.Stud.Monog.Suppl.Issue. 17. 3-18 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Sawada et al.: "Magmatic and tectonic events in the Samburu Hills,northern Kenya Rift.(発表予定)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Sawada et al.: "K-Ar ages of the igneous and metamorphic rocks from the Muslim Bagh area,Pakistan.(発表予定)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Sawada et al.: "Primary magna of the Chilas Complex in the Kohistan Arc,northern Pakistan.(発表予定)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Makinouchi et al.: "Geology of the Sinda-Mohari region,Haut-Zaire Province,eastern Zaire." Afr.Stud.Monog.Suppl.Issue. 17. 3-18 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 牧野内猛他: "岐阜県各務原台地の地質と地下水盆" 地質学雑誌. 97. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Nakaya: "Les faunes de mammiferes du Miocene supe rirue de Samburu Hills,Kenya Afrique de l'Est et l'environnement des prehominides" l'Anthropologie. 97. 9-16 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 仲谷秀夫: "中国甘粛省霊台県雷家河層の発掘" Northern Hemisphere Geo-Bio Transverse. 1. 2-8 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] K.Yasui et al.: "Fossil mammals from the Neogene Strata in the Sinda Basin,Eastern Zaire." Afr.Monographs,suppl.Issue. 17. 87-107 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] K.Yasui et al.: "東部ザイール、西部地溝帯、シンダ、モハリ地域における地質学的・古生物学的研究" アフリカ研究. 40. 30-47 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] R.Aoki: "Fossil Crocodilians from the Late Tertiary strata in the Sunda Basin,Eastern Zaire." Afr.Study Monographs,suppl Issue. 17. 67-85 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] R.Hirayama: "Fossil turtles from the Neogene strata in the Sinda Basin Eastern Zaire." Afr.Study Monographs,Suppl.Issue. 15. 49-65 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Matsumura et al.: "Comparative study of crown cusp areas in the upper and lower molars in African apes." Bulletin of the National Science Museum. 18. 1-15 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Nakano and T.Kimura: "Development of bipedal walking in Macaca fuscata and Pan troglodytes" Topics in primatology. 3. 177-190 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Nakano et al.: "Vertical climbing in Ateles geoffloyi and Macaca fuscata and its comparative neurological background." Topics in primatology. 3. 167-176 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Nakano et al.: "Can prosimian like leaping be considered a preadaptation to bipedal walking in hominoids?" Topics in primatology. 3. 153-165 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] M.Nakatsukasa: "Morphology of the humerus and femur in mangabeys and guenons.(発表予定)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] M.Nakatsukasa: "Functional morphology of the humerus and femur in mangabeys." Primate Research. 9. 289 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] M.Nakatsukasa: "Joint Morphology of Primates Long Bones." J.Anthrop.Soc.Nippon. 100. 220 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Kunimatsu: "A revison of the hypodigm of Nyanzapi-thecus vancouveringi." Afr Study Monographs. 13. 231-235 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Kunimatsu: "New finds of a small antropoid primate from Nachola,Northern Kenya." Afr.Study Monographs. 13. 237-249 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] M.G.Leakey: "Extinct large colobines from from the Plio-Pleistocene of Africa." Am.J.phys.Anthrop.58. 153-172 (1982)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] M.G.Leakey et al.: "Postcranial specimens of Simiolus enjiessi and other primitive catarinnes from the early Miocene of Lake Turukana,Kenya" J.hum.Evol.22. 171-237 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "Origine(s)de la bipedie ches les hominides." (Cahiers de Palaeonthrogie)Editions du CNRS,Paris., (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "Primatology Today." Elsevier,Amsterdam, 732 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida: "Why hominoids become human?" Kagaku Asahi. 54-4. 14-16 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "Food habits and locomotor modes of middle and late Miocene hominoids from northern Kenya." J. Anthropol. Soc. Nippon. 100. 221 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "Fossil mammals from the Neogene strata in the Sinda basin." Afr. Stud. Monog. Suppl. Issue. 17. 87-107 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida et al.: "A contour map analysis of the occlusal aspect of upper 2nd molars in Kenyapithecus." Primate Res.7. 170 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Makinouchi et al.: "Geology of the Sinda-Mohari region, Haut-Zaire Province, eastern Zaire." Afr. Stud. Monog. Suppl. Issue. 17. 3-18 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Sawada et al.: "Magmatic and tectonic events in the Samburu Hills, northern Kenya Rift. (in prep.)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Sawada et al.: "Primary magna of the Chilas Complex in the Kohistan Arc, northern Pakistan. (in prep.)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Sawada et al.: "K-Ar ages of the igneous and metamorphic rocks from the Muslim Bagh area, Pakistan. (in prep.)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Nakaya: "Les fauna de mammiferes du Miocene superirue de Samburu Hills, Kenya Afrique de l'est et l'environement des prehominoides." l'Anthropologie. 97. 9-16 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] M.Nakatsukasa: "Functional morphology of the humerus and femur in mangabeys. (in prep.)"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] M.Nakatsukasa: "Functional morphology of the humerus and femur in mangabeys." Primate Research. 9. 289 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] M.Nakatsukasa: "Joint morphology of primates long bones." J. Anthrop. Soc. Nippon. 100. 220 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Nakano and T.Kimura: "Development of bipedal walking in Macaca fuscata and Pan troglodytes." Primatology Today. 3. 177-190 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Nakano et al.: "Vetrical climbing in Ateles geoffloyi and Macaca fuscata and its comparative neurological background." Topics in Primatology. 3. 167-176 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Y.Nakano et al.: "Can prosimian like leaping be considered a preadaptation to bipedal walking in hominoids?" Topics in Primatology. 3. 153-165 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] M.G.Leakey: "Extinct large colobines from the Plio-Pleistocene of Africa." Am.J.phys.Anthrop.58. 153-172 (1982)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] M.G.Leakey et al.: "Postcranial specimens of Simiolus enjiessi and other primitive catarinnes from the early Miocene of Lake Turukana, Kenya" J.hum.Evol.22. 171-237 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida: Editions du CNRS, Paris. Origine(s) de la bipeie ches les hominides., 9-15 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Ishida: Elsevier, Amstredam. Primatology Today, 139-152 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1995-02-07  

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