受精及び胚発生の機構に関する研究

1991 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 03226102
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: 日向 康吉 東北大学, 農学部, 教授 (00005589)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 阪本 寧男 京都大学, 農学部植物生殖質研究施設, 教授 (30026546) ; 武田 元吉 東京大学, 農学部, 教授 (90134501) ; 鎌田 博 筑波大学, 生物科学系遺伝子実験センター, 助教授 (00169608) ; 長戸 康郎 東京大学, 農学部, 助教授 (10143413) ; 磯貝 彰 東京大学, 農学部, 助教授 (20011992)
• Keywords: 花 / 受精 / 胚 / 不定胚 / 自家不和合性 / 糖タンパク質 / 種間雑種 / 雑種致死

Research Abstract

自家不和合性のカブ野生集団調査から、全世界には100を越すS遺伝子の変異があること、分離した30のS遺伝子はすべてpI値が異なるS糖タンパク質を持つこと、花粉の側にもS糖タンパク質の類似のタンパク質があること(日向)、S糖タンパク質がERで作られ、ゴルジ体をへて、乳頭細胞の細胞壁に移行することを明らかにした(西沢)。このS糖タンパク質のモノクロ-ン抗体も作成した(磯貝)。S糖タンパク質とホモロジ-の高いNS糖タンパク質の塩基配列をきめ、4つの対立遺伝子によって変異していることを明らかにした(磯貝・日向)。イポメアにも、アブラナと似たS糖タンパク質があること(神山)、ニホンナシのS糖タンパク質はRNase活性を持つことが示された(中西)。母性遺伝は、雌雄配偶子の接合前後における雄由来のオルガネラDNAの選択的分解が原因で起きることが分かった(黒岩)。イネの胚発生に関与する遺伝子には、器官分化を決定するもの、器官分化位置を制御するもの、器官の大きさを決めるものがあることを単因子突然変異体を用いて明らかにした(長戸、佐藤光)。培養系の胚発生時に出現する幾つかのタンパク質が明かとなった。すなわち、ECP31は胚全体に形成され、ABAと関連する(鎌田)。培地に出現するGP57タンパク質は、大豆の7Sグロブリンと似ており、種子形成期に器官特異的に出現する(佐藤忍)。胚に形成される40KDのタンパク質は、ヒストンH1と共通のエピト-プを持つ(増田)。球状胚の片側に伸長因子とホモロジ-の高いタンパク質が出現する(福田)。タバコ属の種間雑種致死に関与するゲノムを特定し(丸橋)、それを克服するにはIAAが効果的であるが、それをアグロバクテリウムを用いて導入しても効果がなかった(武田)。コムギの非還元配偶子形成を調査し、コムギ発生の地をトランスコ-カサス地方と推定した(阪本)。

Research Products

• [Publications] K.Hinata,M,Watanabe,I.S.Nou and A.Isogai: "Recent studies in S-glycoproteins in self-incompatibility with stress on Crucifers." Gamma Field Symposia. 29. 113-127 (1991)
• [Publications] I.S.Nou,M.Watanabe,A.Isogai,H.Shiozawa,A.suzuki and K.Hinata: "Variation of S-alleles and S-glycoproteins in a naturalized population of self-incompatible Brassica campestris L." Jpn.J.Genet.66. 227-239 (1991)
• [Publications] M.Watanabe,H.Shiozawa,A.Suzuki,T.Takeuchi and K.Hinata: "Existence of S-glycoprtein-like proteins in anthens of self-incompatible species of Brassica." Plant Cell Physiol.32. 1039-1047 (1991)
• [Publications] M.Watanabe,I.S.Nou,S.Takayama,S.Yamakawa,A.Isogai,A.Suzuki,T.Takeuchi and K.Hinata: "Variation and inheritance of NS-glycoprotein in self-incompatible Brassica campestris"
• [Publications] K.Hinata,A.Isogai and K.Isuzugawa: "Manipulation of sporphytic self-incompatibility in plant breeding"
• [Publications] 渡辺 正夫,日向 康吉: "自家不和合性特異タンパク質" 科学と生物. 29. 3-5 (1991)
• [Publications] A.Isogai,S.Yamakawa,H.Shiozawa,S.Takayama,H.Tanaka,T.Kono,M.Watanabe,K.Hinata and A.suzuki: "The cDNA sequence of an NSI glycoprotein of Brassica campestris and its homology to S-locus-related glycoproteins of B oleracea." Plant Mol.Biol.17. 269-271 (1991)
• [Publications] A.Isogai,S.Yamakawa,M.Watanabe,H.Shiozawa,K.Hinata and A.Suzuki: "S- and NS-glycoproteins of Brassica campestris" The 3rd International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology,in U.S.A.(1991)
• [Publications] Nakanishi.T,N.Saeki,M.Maeno,T.Ozaki,Y.Kawai and T.Ichii: "Ultrastructual study on the stylar transmitting tissue in Japanese pear." Sexual Plant Reproduction. 4. 95-103 (1991)
• [Publications] Nakanishi,T.,T.Yamasaki,T.Ozaki,Y.Kawai and T.Ichii: "Isoelectric Focusing Analysis of Stylar Proteins Associated with Self-incompatibility Alleles in japanese Pear." J Japan Soc Hort Sci,in press. (1991)
• [Publications] Nakanishi T,and M.Maeno: "Behavior of self-incompatible pollen both on the stigma and in the style of Japanese pear." International Symposium on Angiosperm Pollen and Ovules-Basic and applied aspects,in Italy. (1991)
• [Publications] N.K.Nishizawa,A.Isogai,M.Watanabe,K.Hinata,S.Yamakawa,S.Shojuma and A.Suzuki: "Ultrastructure of Papillar Cells in Brassica campestris Revealed by Liquid helium Rapid-freezing and Substitution Fixation Method" Plan and Cell physiol. 31. 1201-1219 (1990)
• [Publications] 西澤 直子: "アブラナ科植物の自家不和合性:乳頭細胞における分泌過程" 植物細胞工学. 2. 595-600 (1990)
• [Publications] 田村 泰章,北野 英巳,佐藤 光,長戸 康郎: "イネシュ-トのオ-ガニゼ-ションに関与する遺伝子" 組織培養. 27. 243-247 (1991)
• [Publications] Y.Tamura,H.Kitano,H.Satoh and Y.Nagato: "A gene protoundly affecting shoot organization in the early phase of rice development." Plant Science,in press.
• [Publications] Y.Nagato,H.Kitano,O.Kamijima,S.Kikuchi and H.Satoh: "Genetic aspects of organ differentiation during embryogensis in rice." 2nd International Rice Genetics Symposium in Philippines. (1990)
• [Publications] T.Kiyosue,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Induction of somatic embryogensis in carrot by heavy metal ions." Can.J.Bot.,. 68. 2301-2303 (1990)
• [Publications] T.Kiyosue,J.G.Dong,S.Satoh,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Detection of an embryogenic cell antigen in carrot" Plant Cell Physiol.,. 31. 947-950 (1990)
• [Publications] H.Harada,T.Kiyosue,H.Kamada and K.Kobayashi: "Stress-induced carrot somatic embryogenesis and their application to synthetic seed." In The Impact of Biotechnology in Agriculture,eds.129-157 (1990)
• [Publications] T.Kiyosue,S.Satoh,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Purification and immunohistochemical detection of an embryogenic cell protein in carrot." Plant Physiol.,. 95. 1077-1083 (1991)
• [Publications] T.Kiyosue,S.Satoh,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Immunological detection of an embryogenic cell protein (ECP31) in stress-induced somatic embryogenesis in carrot" Can.J.Bot.,in press. (1991)
• [Publications] T.Kiyosue,K.Yamaguchi-Shinozaki,K.Shinozaki,K.Higashi,S.Satoh,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Isolation and characterization of aDNA coding for ECP 31,an embryogenic cell protein of carrot." Plant Cell.(1991)
• [Publications] T.Kiyosue,J.Nakayama,S.Satoh,A.Isogai,A.Suzuki,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Partial amino acid sequence of ECP31,a carrot embryogenic cell protein,and enhancement of its accumulation by abscisic acid in somatic embryos." Planta. (1991)
• [Publications] I,Kiyosue,M.Nakajima,I.Yamaguchi,Y.Iida,S.Satoh,H.Kamada and H.Harada: "Endogenous levels of abscisic acid in embryogenic cells and nonembryogenic cells of carrot(Dauces carotaL.)"
• [Publications] K.Torii,S.Satoh,T.Fujii: "Immunohistochemical localization of a glycoprotein,GP80,in the outermost layer of the daveloping endosperm of immature seeds of carrot" Planta. 185. 201-208 (1991)
• [Publications] S.Satoh.: "Embryogenic and nonーembryogenic callus Proteins of carrot." EMBO workshop “Molecular basis of Plant embryogenesis". (1990)
• [Publications] S.Satoh: "Characterization of GP57,an auxin-regulated and dermal-tissus-locaalized extracellular glycoprotein of carrot." VIIth International Congress on Plant Tissue and Cell Culture.(1990)
• [Publications] W.M.Zhou,K.Yoshida,Y.Shintaku and G.Takada: "The use of IAA to overcome interspecific hybryd inviability in reciprocal crosses between Nicotiana tabacum L.and N.rapanda Willd." Theor.Appl.Genet.82. 657-661 (1991)
• [Publications] T.Kuboyama,Y.Shintaku and G.Takeda: "Hybrid Plant of Phaseolus vulgaris L.and P.lunatus L.obtained by means of embryo rescue and confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis of rDNA." Euphytica. 54. 177-182 (1991)
• [Publications] Y.Shintaku,T.Kuboyama and G.Takeda: "Interspecific hybridization between Phaseolus vulgaris L,and P.lunatus L.through embryo culture." VIIth International Cangress on Plant Tissue and Cell Culture. (1990)
• [Publications] 須田 正樹,丸橋 亘,井上 栄一,真鍋 忠久: "Nicotiana tabacum L.の祖先種と2野生種(N.repanda Willd.,N.suaveolens Lehm)の種間雑種に現われる致死性" 育雑. 41. 124-125 (1991)
• [Publications] 須田 正樹,丸橋 亘: "Nicotiana repanda Willd,×N.tabacum L.の雑種実生の育成における栽培温度とIAAの効果" 育雑. 40. 58-59 (1990)
• [Publications] 鳥居 啓子,鎌田 博: "種子胚の発生機構ーABAの役割を中心にー" 組織培養. 16. 208-212 (1990)
• [Publications] 清末 知宏,鎌田 博: "ストレスによる不定胚誘導法" 植物細胞工学. 2. 659-663 (1990)
• [Publications] 加藤 久美子,鎌田 博: "ニンジンの不定胚形成及びトレニアの不定芽形成" 遺伝. 45. 49-52 (1991)
• [Publications] 東 克己,飯田 義晴,鎌田 博: "不定胚研究の現状" Bio Industry. 8. (1991)
• [Publications] 鎌田 博,原田 宏: "不定胚形成の分子機構" 蛋白質・核酸・酵素.
• [Publications] S.Satoh: "Characterization of GP57,an auxin-regulated and dermal-tissue-localized extracellular glycoprotein of carrot." Progress in Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology.526-531 (1990)
• [Publications] K.Torii,S.Satoh,T.Fujii: "Appearance of an early stage-specific glycoprotein concurrent with morphological changes in immature seeds of the carrot." Plant Cell Physiol.,. 31. 829-833 (1990)
• [Publications] S.Satoh: "Improvement of the specificity of an antiserum raised against a carrot glycoprotein by eliminating the anti-glycan antibody." Agric.Biol.Chem.,. 54. 3201-3204
• [Publications] Kowyama,Y.: "Molecular biological approach to studying genetic architecture of genus Ipomoea." The second Research Co-ordination Meeting of FAO/IAEA on "Improvement of Root and Tuber Crops in Tropical Countries of Asia".(1990)
• [Publications] Kowyama,Y.: "RFLP as probes for genetic variability in the genus." “Sweet potato technology for the 21st century". (1991)
• [Publications] Kuroiwa,T.: "The replication differentiation and inheritance of plastds with emphasis on the concept of organelle nuclei." Int Rev.Cytol.128. 1-61 (1991)
• [Publications] Kuroiwa,T.,S.Kawano,M.Watanabe,and T.Hori: "Preferential digetion of chloroplast DNA in male gametangia during late stage of the gametogenesis in the anisogamous alga Bryosis maxima" Protoplasma in press.
• [Publications] Kuroiwa.T.: "Mitochondrial DNA synthesis occurs actively in the particular region just above the quiescent center in the root meristems of Pelargonium zonale." J.Cell Sci.
• [Publications] K.Masuda,S.Takahashi,K.Nomura and M.Inore: "Asimple procedure for the isolatin of pure nuclei from carrot embryos in synchronized cultures." Plant Cell Reports. 10. 329-333 (1991)
• [Publications] Sugiyama,M.,Fukuda,H.and Komamine,A: "Characteristics of the inhibitory effect of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine on cytodifferintiation into tracheary elements of isolated mesophyll cells of zinnia elegans." Plant Cell Physiol.31. 61-67 (1990)
• [Publications] Fukuda,H.: "Tracheary element formation as a model system of cell differentiation." International Review of Cytology.
• [Publications] 福田 裕穂: "組織分化“生長と分化"" 現代植物生理学. 3. 94-113 (1990)
• [Publications] 福田 裕穂: "植物細胞の分裂・増殖" 細胞とバイオサイエンスII. 368-374 (1991)