1991 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

核融合次期装置における材料システム的課題

Research Project

Project/Area Number	03302061
Research Institution	Tohoku University
Principal Investigator	松井秀樹東北大学, 金属材料研究所, 教授 (50005980)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	実川資朗日本原子力研究所, 照射解析研究室, 研究員関村直人東京大学, 工学部, 助教授 (10183055) 香山晃東京大学, 工学部, 助教授 (80092203) 阿部勝憲東北大学, 工学部, 教授 (70005940) 高橋平七郎北海道大学, 工学部, 教授 (80001337)
Keywords	核融合炉材料 / 316ステンレス鋼 / ヘリウム効果 / ヘリウム脆性 / 照射効果 / 応力腐食割れ / 核融合実験装置 / 材料システム
Research Abstract	本年度は主としてITER(国際熱核融合実験炉)を対象として、その主要構成要素の、正常時、事故時および保守時における材料学的各種環境条件、及びそれに適合するために必要な材料の機能・仕様の整理と体系化を行うとともに、既存のデ-タベ-スの充実度、既存材料の達成性能と材料に対する要求仕様の比較検討を行った。その結果は中間報告書の形で別述冊子として刊行するが、大略以下のような問題点が明かとなってきた。第1壁構造材料としては316ステンレス鋼が想定されているが、その比較的低温での照射による延性の顕著な低下があり、他に代替え材料はないことから、316鋼の延性低下を新たな核融合実験炉に対する設計基準を設けることにより合理化し得るかという問題がある。また、水冷却に付随する照射誘起応力腐食割れに関しては、とくに核融合中性子照射のデ-タは皆無であることから、今後早急に対策を講じる必要があることが指摘された。また、LOCA(冷却材喪失事故)等の異常時や、焼き出し時における被照射材の挙動、とくにヘリウム関連の問題には未解決の点が多い。さらに、核融合実験装置においては中性子束、入熱、応力等が同期して変化することが想定されており、このような条件下におかれた材料の疲労・クリ-プ寿命は単一条件下での試験に比べ顕著に劣化する可能性が指摘された。このような複合条件下における材料挙動に関する研究はほとんど手つかずの状態と言ってよく、今後早急な研究が必要である。プラズマに直接対向して高い入熱と粒子線照射を受け、なおプラズマを汚染しないという厳しい機能を負ったダイバ-タ板のア-マ-材としては、炭素系材料と高融点金属材料等が候補として挙げられている。前者の場合、15MW/m^2程度の熱流束に耐えるものが開発されてきているが、ディスラプションによるエロ-ジョンが激しく、また照射による熱伝導度の低下も顕著である。このためITERの工学段階では使用不可能とされ、代わりにタングステン合金が第1候補となっている。しかし、タングステンの照射による脆化や、下地材料との接合部の照射や熱衝撃による劣化の抑制が大きな課題である。セラミックス材料は核融合炉においては種々の用途に用いられるが、電気絶縁や高周波窓材等の用途が重要である。本研究においてセラミックスの照射下における電気抵抗が極端に低下することが明らかにされ、設計側に深刻な波紋を投げかけている。以上のように次期核融合実験装置設計においても、未解決の材料問題は極めて多い。

Research Products

(53 results)

All Other

All Publications

[Publications] Matsui,Hideki: "Embrittlement of Vanadium Alloys Doped with Helium" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Matsui,Hideki: "Microstructural Evolution in Vー5Fe Alloy by Fast Neutron Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Abe,Katsumori: "Neutoron Irradiation Damage of Stress Relieved TZM Alloy" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "The Application of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Advanced Fusion Systems Current Limitations and Future Prospects" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "Microstructural Changes in Welded Joints of 316 SS by Dual‐Ion Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Swelling Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels Irradiated in an ORR Spectrally Tailored Capsule at 603K and 673K" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kohno,Yutaka: "Microstructural Evolution of Titanium Modified Austenitic Stainless Steel After FFTF Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Effect of Nickel Content on Microstructural Evolution of Neutron Irradiated Feー10Crー30MnーXNi Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Effect of Neutron Irradiation on Microstructure in Low Activated High Manganess Austenitic Steel" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsurou: "High Heat Load Test of Molybdenum" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsuro: "Hydrogen Permeation and Diffusion in Molybdenum" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsurou: "Hydrogen Permeation Study with Atomic Hydrogen Beam" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Tokunaga,K: "Radiation Damage Induced by Plasma Exposures Under Long Duration Tokamak Discharge in TRIAMー1M" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Hachino,H: "Spectroscopic Study of Solid Surface Under D^+ and He^+ Bombardment" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsurou: "On the Characterization of Graphite" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Niwase,K: "Annealing Experiment of Ion Irradiation Graphite by Laser Raman Spectroscopy" J.Nucl. Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Atsumi,H: "Hydrogen Solubility and Diffusivity in Neutron Irradiated Graphite" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Tensil Properties of Austenitic Stainless steel BaseーMetal and WeldーJoint Speciment Irradiated in ORR Spectrally Tailored Experiments" J.Nucl.Mater. (1993)
[Publications] Shikama,Tatsuo: "Radiation Induced Conductivity by ACーMethod in a Fission Reactor" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Stress Strain Relations of Irradiated Stainless steels below 473K" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Shikama,Tatsuo: "Radiation Induced Conductivity of Ceramic Insulators Measured in a Fission Reactor" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Narui,Minoru: "Development of Irradiation Small Capsule for InーReactor Measurement of Electrical Properties of Fusion Reactor Materials" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] F.A.Garner: "Response of Solute and Precipitation Strengthened Copper Alloys at High Neutron Exposure" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Abe,Katusnori: "He Ion Irradiation of Molybdenum Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Satou,Manabu: "Neutron Irradiation Damage of Helium Charged VーTiーCrーSi Type Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Nakajima,Hideo: "Effects of Solute Addition on Swelling of Vanadium aftler FFTF Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Satou,Manabu: "Low Swelling Behavior of VーTiーCrーSi Type Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Abe,Katsunori: "Mechanical Properties and Radiation Effects in SolidーState Bonded VanadiumーAlumina" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Fujitsuka,M: "Irradiation Behavior of CarbonーBoron Compounds and Silicon carbide Composites Developed as Fusion Reactor Materials" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Sato,S: "Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Fracture Toughness of Metal Matrix Composites" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Muroga,Takeo: "A Comparison of Microstructures in Copper Irradiated with Fission,Fusion,and Spallation Neutrons" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kanzaki,Y: "Accumulation Processes of Cascade Damage Under Heavy Ion Irradiation" J.Nucl. Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Morishita,K: "Thermodynamical Evaluation of Cascade Damage Evolution by Molecular Dynamics Calculation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "R&D of an Automated Tensile Machine for Heavily Neutron Irradiated Materials" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Katoh,Yutai: "Effects of Damage Rate and/or He/dpa Ratio on Microstructural Evolution in Irradiated Austenitic Steel" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kohno,Yutaka: "Irrdiation Response of a Reduced Activation Feー8Crー2W Martensitic Steel (F82H) After FFTF Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kimura Akihiko: "Effects of Alloying Elements on the postーIrradiation Microstructure of 9% Crー2%W Low Activation Martensitic Steel" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kimura,Akihiko: "Irradiation Induced Changes in the Grain Boundary Chemistry of HighーManganese Low Activation Martensitic Steels" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Gelles,D,S: "Electrom Irradiation Experiments in Support of Fusion" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Segregation at RadiationーInduced Defects and at Grain Boundaries Austentic Stainless Steels" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Inoue,H: "Characteristics of Point Defects and Their Clustering Processes in FeーCrーMn and FeーCrーMnーSi Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Takahashi,Heishichirou: "Microstructural Evolution of NeutronーIrradiated NiーSi and NiーAl Alloys" J.Nucl. Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Takahashi,Heishichirou: "Effect of Additional Minor Element on Microstructural Evolution of Neutron Irradiated FeーCrーMn Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Sekimura,Naoto: "Silicon's Role in Determining Swelling and Microstructural Evolution in NeutronーIrradiated FeーNiーCr Ternary Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "Evaluation of Flux/Temperature History Effects on Microstructural Evolution in 316 SS by Means of Charged Particle Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Katon,Yutai: "Microstructural Changes in Feー10Crー2Mo Steel by Neutron or Charged Particle Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Defect Cluster Formation in Neutron Irradiated FeーCrーNi Alloys Doped with Boron" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Effect of Helium on Defect Cluster Formation in Modified 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated by Electron/Ion DualーBeams" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Sekimura,Naoto: "The Effect of Helium on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of FeーCrーNi Alloys as Determined in a Spectral Tailoring Experiment" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Fijino,Yutaka: "HighーTemperature Oxidation Behavior of VanadiumーBased Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Muroga,Takeo: "Cavity Formation and Growth During pulse High Heat Loading in Nickel Implanted with Helium or Deuterium Ions" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Muroga,Takeo: "The Influence of Isotopically Controlled Boron Addition on Void Swelling of Nickel Irradiated in FFTF" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)
[Publications] Yamamoto,S: "Microscopic Tritium Behavior in Ion Irradiated Austenitic Steele" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

1991 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

核融合次期装置における材料システム的課題

Principal Investigator

松井 秀樹 東北大学, 金属材料研究所, 教授 (50005980)

Research Products

[Publications] Matsui,Hideki: "Embrittlement of Vanadium Alloys Doped with Helium" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Matsui,Hideki: "Microstructural Evolution in Vー5Fe Alloy by Fast Neutron Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Abe,Katsumori: "Neutoron Irradiation Damage of Stress Relieved TZM Alloy" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "The Application of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Advanced Fusion Systems Current Limitations and Future Prospects" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "Microstructural Changes in Welded Joints of 316 SS by Dual‐Ion Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Swelling Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels Irradiated in an ORR Spectrally Tailored Capsule at 603K and 673K" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kohno,Yutaka: "Microstructural Evolution of Titanium Modified Austenitic Stainless Steel After FFTF Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Effect of Nickel Content on Microstructural Evolution of Neutron Irradiated Feー10Crー30MnーXNi Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Effect of Neutron Irradiation on Microstructure in Low Activated High Manganess Austenitic Steel" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsurou: "High Heat Load Test of Molybdenum" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsuro: "Hydrogen Permeation and Diffusion in Molybdenum" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsurou: "Hydrogen Permeation Study with Atomic Hydrogen Beam" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Tokunaga,K: "Radiation Damage Induced by Plasma Exposures Under Long Duration Tokamak Discharge in TRIAMー1M" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Hachino,H: "Spectroscopic Study of Solid Surface Under D^+ and He^+ Bombardment" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Tanabe,Tetsurou: "On the Characterization of Graphite" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Niwase,K: "Annealing Experiment of Ion Irradiation Graphite by Laser Raman Spectroscopy" J.Nucl. Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Atsumi,H: "Hydrogen Solubility and Diffusivity in Neutron Irradiated Graphite" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Tensil Properties of Austenitic Stainless steel BaseーMetal and WeldーJoint Speciment Irradiated in ORR Spectrally Tailored Experiments" J.Nucl.Mater. (1993)

[Publications] Shikama,Tatsuo: "Radiation Induced Conductivity by ACーMethod in a Fission Reactor" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Stress Strain Relations of Irradiated Stainless steels below 473K" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Shikama,Tatsuo: "Radiation Induced Conductivity of Ceramic Insulators Measured in a Fission Reactor" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Narui,Minoru: "Development of Irradiation Small Capsule for InーReactor Measurement of Electrical Properties of Fusion Reactor Materials" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] F.A.Garner: "Response of Solute and Precipitation Strengthened Copper Alloys at High Neutron Exposure" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Abe,Katusnori: "He Ion Irradiation of Molybdenum Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Satou,Manabu: "Neutron Irradiation Damage of Helium Charged VーTiーCrーSi Type Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Nakajima,Hideo: "Effects of Solute Addition on Swelling of Vanadium aftler FFTF Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Satou,Manabu: "Low Swelling Behavior of VーTiーCrーSi Type Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Abe,Katsunori: "Mechanical Properties and Radiation Effects in SolidーState Bonded VanadiumーAlumina" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Fujitsuka,M: "Irradiation Behavior of CarbonーBoron Compounds and Silicon carbide Composites Developed as Fusion Reactor Materials" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Sato,S: "Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Fracture Toughness of Metal Matrix Composites" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Muroga,Takeo: "A Comparison of Microstructures in Copper Irradiated with Fission,Fusion,and Spallation Neutrons" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kanzaki,Y: "Accumulation Processes of Cascade Damage Under Heavy Ion Irradiation" J.Nucl. Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Morishita,K: "Thermodynamical Evaluation of Cascade Damage Evolution by Molecular Dynamics Calculation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "R&D of an Automated Tensile Machine for Heavily Neutron Irradiated Materials" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Katoh,Yutai: "Effects of Damage Rate and/or He/dpa Ratio on Microstructural Evolution in Irradiated Austenitic Steel" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kohno,Yutaka: "Irrdiation Response of a Reduced Activation Feー8Crー2W Martensitic Steel (F82H) After FFTF Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kimura Akihiko: "Effects of Alloying Elements on the postーIrradiation Microstructure of 9% Crー2%W Low Activation Martensitic Steel" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kimura,Akihiko: "Irradiation Induced Changes in the Grain Boundary Chemistry of HighーManganese Low Activation Martensitic Steels" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Gelles,D,S: "Electrom Irradiation Experiments in Support of Fusion" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Jitsukawa,Shirou: "Segregation at RadiationーInduced Defects and at Grain Boundaries Austentic Stainless Steels" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Inoue,H: "Characteristics of Point Defects and Their Clustering Processes in FeーCrーMn and FeーCrーMnーSi Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Takahashi,Heishichirou: "Microstructural Evolution of NeutronーIrradiated NiーSi and NiーAl Alloys" J.Nucl. Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Takahashi,Heishichirou: "Effect of Additional Minor Element on Microstructural Evolution of Neutron Irradiated FeーCrーMn Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Sekimura,Naoto: "Silicon's Role in Determining Swelling and Microstructural Evolution in NeutronーIrradiated FeーNiーCr Ternary Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Kohyama,Akira: "Evaluation of Flux/Temperature History Effects on Microstructural Evolution in 316 SS by Means of Charged Particle Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Katon,Yutai: "Microstructural Changes in Feー10Crー2Mo Steel by Neutron or Charged Particle Irradiation" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Defect Cluster Formation in Neutron Irradiated FeーCrーNi Alloys Doped with Boron" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Ohnuki,Soumei: "Effect of Helium on Defect Cluster Formation in Modified 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated by Electron/Ion DualーBeams" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Sekimura,Naoto: "The Effect of Helium on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of FeーCrーNi Alloys as Determined in a Spectral Tailoring Experiment" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Fijino,Yutaka: "HighーTemperature Oxidation Behavior of VanadiumーBased Alloys" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Muroga,Takeo: "Cavity Formation and Growth During pulse High Heat Loading in Nickel Implanted with Helium or Deuterium Ions" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Muroga,Takeo: "The Influence of Isotopically Controlled Boron Addition on Void Swelling of Nickel Irradiated in FFTF" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

[Publications] Yamamoto,S: "Microscopic Tritium Behavior in Ion Irradiated Austenitic Steele" J.Nucl.Mater.(1993)

松井秀樹東北大学, 金属材料研究所, 教授 (50005980)