1992 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Study of the Basic Cognitive Processes of Objects, Movement, and Space by Geometrical Optical Illusion
| Project/Area Number |
03451012
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Psychology
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
IMAI Shiro Hokkaido U. Faculty of Letters Prof., 文学部, 教授 (70000586)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SAITO Takayuki Hokkaido U. Faculty of Letters Prof., 文学部, 教授 (70113561)
OTSU Takeo Hokkaido U. Faculty of Letters Assoc. Prof., 文学部, 助教授 (10203829)
MATSUNAGA Katsuya Kyushu U. Faculty of Letters Prof., 文学部, 教授 (10036999)
SUTO Noboru Hokkaido U. Faculty of Letters Instructor, 文学部, 助手 (40154611)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1991 – 1992
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| Keywords | Constancy / Space Cognition / Apparent Movement / Cognitive Rivalry / Cognitive Shift / Motion Parallax / Depth Perception |
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| Research Abstract |
1. Study of linear perspective. A rectangular parallelepiped was placed on a lattice pattern. The scene was projected on a plane with the projective angle as variable. The projections were presented, one by one, with different angles to the subjects. The subjects rated widthes of lattices, height and width of the projected figure. The results showed that a. constancy is dependent on the reality and concreteness of the object, and appears more strongly with increasing reality and concreteness, b. constancy is higher in the lateral direction than in the longitudinal direction, showing decrease of the shape constancy. 2. Cognitive study of rho-movement and socalled alpha-movement. rho-movement is observed when the Fraser figure is rotated. We assumed that Ss set mental axes of which the origin is the center of the figure and perceive rho-movement related with the axes, and constructed a model to explain the cognitive process of the movement. In the study of so-called alpha-movement observed with Muller-Lyer figure, it was pointed out that alpha-movement is actually produced by the cognitive mechanism of beta-movement. 3. Rivalry between constancy and shift. Constant cognition of an object is a very important way of cognition. On the other hand, however, people have multiple cognition of the object. It was argued that the two types of cognitive process should get implicit rivalry between structural information processings for constancy and shift. 4. Depth perception based on the motion of visual image of moving observer. When an observer sways the body, it produces the motion parallax. The depth perception by the motion parallax is little different between real and virtual situations when observing distance is short. But for longer distance, the depth tends to be overestimated in virtual situation than in real situation.
Thus, the studies of visual illusion and apparent motion above produced interesting results concerning pattern cognition and space cognition.
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