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1992 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Creep And Viscosity Of Mantle Rocks At High Pressure And Temperature

Research Project

Project/Area Number 03640676
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 鉱物学(含岩石・鉱床学)
Research InstitutionOkayama University

Principal Investigator

SATO Hiroki  Okayama Univ., ISEI, Assistant, 地球内部研究センター, 助手 (50215828)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ITO Eiji  Okayama Univ., ISEI, Professor, 地球内部研究センター, 教授 (00033259)
Project Period (FY) 1991 – 1992
KeywordsSuperplasticity / Mantle viscosity / Grain growth / Postspinel transformation / Dissociation of manganese titanium oxide / Aseismicity / High pressure and temperature / Descending slab
Research Abstract

At the 670-km discontinuity, spinel dissociates to a fine-grained mixture of perovskite plus magnesiowustite. The fine-grained dissociation product may exhibit superplastic behavior ; we have thus accounted for the observed absence of seismicity below -700 km depth. In order to investigate the rheological properties of the dissociation product, grain growth of MnO + MnTiO_3 (an analogue of Pv + Mw) was studied at 0.9-1.6GPa and 1000-1320゚C. Even after annealing for 256 hours, grain size was less than 10 mum. Such a slow growth rate causes at least several tens of kilometers superplastic zone in the lower mantle slab. Further the dissociation product of Mn_2TiO_4 was deformed in a piston-cylinder high-pressure apparatus. Long and narrow grains of MnO and MnTiO_3, which are typical in superplastic texture, were observed in the deformed sample.
Based on the creep and anelasticity data of mantle rocks at high pressure and temperature, we have derived a relationship between viscosity and seismic Q. This relation was used to estimate mantle viscosity from seismic Q structure. For the upper mantle beneath northeastern Japan, viscosity is low (-10^<20>Pa・s) in the back-arc side of volcanoes, and increases to -10^<23>Pa・s toward the tip of the mantle wedge. Viscosity of the descending slab is greater than 10^<23>Pa・s. Beneath the Pacific Ocean, upper mantle viscosity from the bottom of the lithosphere to 300 km depth is in the range of 3x10^<18>-3x10^<22>Pa・s. Viscosity at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary is in the range of 10^<20>-10^<21>Pa・s, and lithospheric viscosity is found to be larger than 10^<21>Pa・s. For the asthenosphere beneath the Iceland Plateau, Qs=7 (0-5 Ma) and 50 (5-10 Ma) yield 10^<16> and 10^<18>Pa・s, respectively. These viscosity values are consistent with the thermal states of the two regions, where one may expect 3-7 vol.% partial melt in 0-5 Ma and about 90 % of the solidus temperature in 5-10 Ma.

  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All Other

All Publications (20 results)

  • [Publications] Hiroki SATO: "Laboratory Seismic studies:a search for mechanical,thermal and chemical structures of the earth" Jounal of Physics of the Earth. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki SATO: "Thermal structure of the mantle wedge beneath north eastern Japan:magmatism in an island arc from the combined data of seismic anelasticity and velocity and heat flow" Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Reserch. 51. 237-252 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki SATO: "Viscosity of the upper mantle from laboratory creep and anelasticity measure ments in peridotite at high pressure and temperature" Geophysical Journal International. 105. 587-599 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Eiji ITO and Hiroki SATO: "Aseismicity in the lower mantle by superplasticity of the descending slab" Nature. 351. 140-141 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 佐藤 博樹: "アセノスフェアの温度と部分溶融量-高圧高温実験と地震のデータによる決定-" 月刊地球. 13. 401-409 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 佐藤 博樹: "島弧におけるマグマの発生-地震のQ値が示す新しいモデル-" 号外地球(上田誠也教授退官記念論文集). 3. 101-105 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki SATO: "Partial melting-homologous temperature systematics in mantle rocks" Technical Report,Instiute for Study of the Earth`s Interior. B9. 1-18 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki SATO: "Seismic and heat How constraints on theupper mantle thermal structure of the Western United States,in:Magmatic Systems,M.P.Ryan,ed." Academic Press, (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki SATO: "Rheological structure of a subduction zone:application of high P-T viscous and anelastic properties of mantle rocks,in:High-Pressure Research:Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences" Terra Scientific Publishing Company, 6 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Eiji ITO and Hiroki SATO: "Effect of phase transformations on the dynamics of the descending slab,in:High-Pressure Research:Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences" Terra Scientific Publishing Company, PP.257-262 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Laboratory seismic studies : a search for mechanical thermal and chemical structures of the earth" J.Phys.Earth. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Seismic and heat How constraints on the upper mantle thermal structure of the western United States" in : Magmatic Systems, M.P.Ryam, ed., Academic Press. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Thermal structure of the mantle wedge beneath northeastern Japan : magmatism in an island arc from the combined data of seismic anelasticity and velocity and heat How" J.Volcano. Geotherm. Res.51. 237-252 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Rheological structure of a subduction zone : application of high P-T viscons and anelastic properties of mantle rocks" High-Pressure Research : Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences, Syono and Manghnani, eds, Terra Sci.Pub.Co.263-268 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Eiji Ito and Hiroki Sato: "Effect of phase transformations on the dynamics of the descending slab" High-Pressure Research : Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences, Syono and Manghnani, eds, Terra Sci.Pub.Co.257-262 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Viscosity of the upper mantle from laboratory creep and anelasticity measurements in peridotite at high pressure and temperature" Geophys.O.Int.105. 587-599 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Eiji Ito and Hiroki Sato: "Aseismicity in the lower mantle by superplasticity of the descending slab" Nature. 351. 140-141 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Partial melting-homologous temperature systematics in mantle rocks" Technical Report, Inst.Study Earth's Int.B9. 1-18 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Temperature and degree of partial melt in the asthenosphere as determined from laboratory and seismic data" Chikyu Monthly. 13. 401-109 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroki Sato: "Magma generation in island arc - a new constraint from seismic Q structure -" Chikyu Extra, S.Uyeda Volume. 3. 101-105 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1994-03-24  

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