Japan-Indonesia joint study on etiology and clinicopathology of breast cancer

1993 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

• Project/Area Number: 04042013
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: Special Cancer Research
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: OHNO Yoshiyuki Nagoya University School of Medicine, Professer, 医学部, 教授 (10160590)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): DRUPADI Dill インドネシア大学, 医学部栄養学, 栄養士 ; JOEDO Prihar インドネシア大学, 医学部地域医療学, 講師 ; MUCHLIS Raml インドネシア大学, 医学部中央病院, 腫瘍外科医師 ; GUNAWAN Tjah インドネシア大学, 医学部解剖病理, 乳腺病理主任 ; SANTOSO Corn インドネシア大学, 医学部免疫研, 主任 ; SUZUKI Sadao Nagoya University School of Medicine, 医学部, 助手 (20226509) ; WATANABE Susumu Division of Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Head, 外科, 外科医長 ; SAKAMOTO Goi Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Member, 病理部, 主任研究員 (80085620) ; DILLON Drupadi. Department of Nurtrition University of Indonesia School of Medicine ; PRIHARTONO Joedo. Department of Community Medicine University of Indonesia School of Medicine, Lec ; RAMLI Muchlis. Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Indonesia School of Medicine, Docto ; TJAHJADI Gunawan. Department of Anatomic Pathology University of Indonesia School of Medicine, Hea ; CORNAIN Santoso. Laboratory of Immunology, Dept. University of Indonesia School of Medicine, Head
• Project Period (FY): 1993 – 1994
• Keywords: Indonesia / Breast cancer / Case-control study / Risk factors

Research Abstract

In order to disclose the risk factors for female breast cancer in Indonesia, we conducted two case-control studies : the first in 1989-1991 and the second in 1992 and 1993. Cases and controls in these studies are defined as follows. Cases are female breast cancer patients who were newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed at Dr.C Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, University of Indonesia, and aged from 25-79 years old. Female breast cancer patients with other malignancies were excluded. Controls are hospital patients, who were matched for cases by sex, age within to 3 years, social class, and hospital admittance within to 3 months, and randomly selected from in- and out-patients at the above hospital. Epidemiologic information were collected by direct interview of the study subjects themselves at one room in the hospital by two nurses in the first study/ by two nutritionists in the second study which devotedly aimed to explore nutritional risk factors for breast cancer in females. The first study has successfully collected epidemiologic information for 300 cases and 600 controls. The second study is still on-going and collected epidemiological and nutritional data for 122 cases and 177 controls as of the end of January, 1994.
Multivariate analysis (unconditional logistic regression analysis), conducted for the first study by menopausal status, revealed the following major findings. In Indonesia, females with past history of breast trauma, past episode of oral-contraceptive use, any cancer patients among relatives, daily drinking of whole-milk, and daily eating of fresh fruits were at significantly greater risk, but females with daily intake of cooked vegetables at significantly less risk of pre-menopausal breast cancer. By contrast, for post-menopausal breast cancer, menarche at 15 years old or later, regular menstruation at 30 years old or later, and daily drinking of whole-milk were significantly associated with an increased risk, whereas divorced or separated marital status, larger waist-hip ratio, and larger number of breast-fed children with a significantly reduced risk. Artificial menopause and smoking habit appeared to increase post-menopausal breast cancer risk.