1996 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Establishment of New Methods for Reconstruction of Ancient Human Environments
| Project/Area Number |
04101001
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Institution | National Museum of Japanese History (1993-1996)
Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties (1992) |
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Principal Investigator |
SAHARA Makoto National Museum of Japanese History, Director, 副館長 (20000466)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MATSUI Akira Nara National Cultural Properties Research Institute, Chief Researcher, 埋蔵文化財センター, 主任研究官 (20157225)
ISHIGURO Naotaka Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterin, 畜産学部, 助教授 (00109521)
NAKANO Masu Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Bioreso, 畜産学部, 教授 (30111199)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1992 – 1996
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| Keywords | Ancient environments / Soil micromonophology / preservative lipid / Coprostanol / Ganglioside / ELISA / Mitochondrial DNA / PCR |
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| Research Abstract |
Archaeology has been carried by interdisceplinary fields in order to know ancient people adapted to and exploited their environments. Unfortunately, most of the organic, such as plant and animal remains in the archaeological sites have been decomposed during the time. Even such remains survive, it is a rare case that these identification was successful and their function can be known. Although, recent progress of the chemical analysis of the fats, proteins and nucleic acid make it clear that they survive for long time in the soil even after decaying of their body.
This project established new methods that can identify these remains into their species' name by means of analyzing soil micromonophology, the composition of fatty acids and sterols, especially coprostanol, immunity of ganglioside and mitochondrial DNA of japanese dogs and wild boars, which each species seems to have its own order. Present research gave a new light on human history concerning to their subsistence patterns and their environments.
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