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1994 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

HYDROGEOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF ACID SNOW AND THOSE ACCUMULATION AND MIGRATION PROCESS IN THE SNOWPACK

Research Project

Project/Area Number 04452232
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Hydraulic engineering
Research InstitutionFUKUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (1994)
Kanazawa University (1992-1993)

Principal Investigator

UJIHASHI Yasuyuki  FUKUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,ARCHITECHTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR., 工学部, 助教授 (60092764)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TAKASE Nobutada  KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY,CIVIL ENGINEERING, 工学部, 教授 (90019711)
TAKASHIMA Masanobu  FUKUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,ARCHITECHTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING,LECTURE., 工学部, 講師 (30257498)
Project Period (FY) 1992 – 1994
KeywordsAcid Snow / Snow Metamorphism / Snow Melt / Environment
Research Abstract

Research results are summarized as follows ;
1) The major cations and anions in the snow in Hokuriku region are H^+, Na^+, K+, Ca^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, NH_4^+, and Cl^-, SO_4^2, NO_3^-.
2) Mean pH value of the new snow is 4.6, and nss-SO_4^<2-> and NO_3^- are major two ions contribute to snow acidification.
3) When snow ablation occurs in the early melt season, the melt water whose ion concentration is 2 to 4 times higher than the mean concentration of the whole pack flows out from the pack because most of ions in the snow exit near the surfaces of snow particles.
4) A novel snow cover model is developed that considers the four main physical processes that occur during snow season and only requires the data routinely available. The model performance is tested through simulating the snow cover at Siramine, the foot of Mt. Haku.
5) The amount of ion elution is estimated by the exponential function of melt water. The time variation of ion concentration profile in the pack is well simulated by using the snow cver model combined with the exponential relation between the melt water and the amount of eluted ion.
6) Strong acid shock does not occur in the warm snow region like Hokuriku region, Japan because snowfall and its ablation are repeated in snow season.

  • Research Products

    (10 results)

All Other

All Publications (10 results)

  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi: "Distributed snow cover model for a mountainous basin" Snow and Ice Covers,IAHS Publication. 223. 170-179 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行: "北陸地方の酸性雪の化学成分の流出過程に関する研究" 水文・水資源学会1994年研究発表会要旨集. 264-265 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 畑時男: "二相混合体モデルの積雪内不飽和鉛直浸透への適用に関する研究" 土木学会第49回年次学術講演会講演概要集 第2部(A). 1994. 130-131

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行:

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] "酸性雪の化学成分とその堆積・流出過程に関する研究" 水工学論文集. 38. 101-106 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] "酸性雪の化学成分とその堆積・流出過程に関する研究" 水工学論文集. 38. 101-106 (1994)Yasuyuki Ujihashi:

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] "Simulation of time variation in seasonal snowcover based on routinely avalible data." Jour.of Natural Disaster Science. 13. 57-68 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi, N.Takase, H.Ishida and H.Hirobe: "Distributed snow cover model for a mountainous basin." IAHS Publication. No.223. 170-179 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Chikayoshi Yatomi, T.Hata and H.Ishida: "An Application of two-phase mixture model to the unsaturated vertical flow through snow." Proc.of JSCE. No.509, II-30. 27-33

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi, N.Takase and H.Oi: "A study on the run-off process of chemical components from the acid snow pack in Holuriku region." Proc.of 1994 annual Conference, JSHWR. 130-131 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1996-04-15  

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