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1993 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Experimental and Comparative Studies on Processes of Motor and Relaxation Skills Acquisition

Research Project

Project/Area Number 04610047
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Psychology
Research InstitutionFukui University

Principal Investigator

UMEZAWA Akio  Fukui University, Faculty of Education, Professor, 教育学部, 教授 (70151925)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SOKURA Kei  Fukui University, Faculty of Education, Associate Professor, 教育学部, 助教授 (20154685)
MITSUHASHI Yoshinori  Fukui University, Faculty of Education, Associate Professor, 教育学部, 助教授 (20157556)
NOJIMA Eiichiro  Waseda University, Letter of Human Science, Professor, 人間科学部, 教授 (20000086)
Project Period (FY) 1992 – 1993
KeywordsSkill acquisition / Relaxation / Motor skills / Respiration / Congnitive processes
Research Abstract

This study focused on acquisition processes of motor skills and relaxation skills. We intended to compare with acquisition processes of these two skills and to clarify the diffrences and the communities between these skills.
For motor skill acquisition, we used a unicycle as an experimental task, since this task has many advantages of methodological aspects. In the first experiment, 10 novice undergraduates participated in daily training sessions to ride a unicycle. Following results were obtained : (1)Subjects could ride a unicycle more than 10 seconds continuously within 10 dairy sessions. (2)Riding time increased drastically after trail-and-error phase of learning processes. (3)Strategies obtained during the early stage of acquisitionprocesses were differnt from those obtained in the late stage. (4)In the late stage of acquisition, subjects reported more frequently to reduce unnecessary muscle tension than in the early stage. In the second experiment, we recorded electromyographic ac … More tivities (EMG) during riding unicycle from both subjects being able to ride more than 10 seconds(novice)and expert subjects. The results showed that novice subjects showed unnecessary EMG activities than experts.
For relaxation skill, we conducted an investigation concerning relaxation strategies by questionnaire. The data showed that the most popular relaxation strategy in Japan is breathing control to calm down in the stressful situation of daily life. However, there has been few scientific studies clarified the relationship between relaxation and respiration. Then we conducted two experiments to reveal the relationships among respiration, stress and relaxation. In another experiments, we chose Noguchi Gymnastics as a relaxation task, which is famous as a relaxation exercise in Japan. Novice undergraduates participated the experiment consisted of daily training sessions for Noguchi Gymnastics. Acquisition processes obtained from this experiment were similar with those obtained in the experiment for training of a unicycle.
These results suggested that acquisition processes of two skills have something in common. In the future, it's necessary to conduct the further sdudies to focus on whether instruction could alter these processes. Less

  • Research Products

    (13 results)

All Other

All Publications (13 results)

  • [Publications] UMEZAWA,AKIO: "Relaxation training using motion:A preliminary report" Current Biofeedback Research in Japan. 1. 121-124 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] UMEZAWA,AKIO: "Effects of stress on post expiration pause time and minute ventilation volume" Current Biofeedback Research in Japan. 1. 125-132 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 梅沢章男他: "Psycho-motor skillの教授-学習過程に関する研究(2)" 日本教育工学会研究報告書. JET93-1. 55-60 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 宗倉啓,梅沢章男,長谷川尚子: "認知的側面を重視した体育の教授-学習過程に関する基礎研究" 教科教育学研究. 11. 137-159 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] UMEZAWA,AKIO: "To use of visual feedback during bidirectional control of skin conductance level." Abstracts of 3rd International Conterence on Biohchavioral Self-Regulation and Health.192 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] UMEZAWA,AKIO: "Stress,relaxation and respiratory function:Changes of minute ventilatiory volume and post expiration pause time under stress and relaxation" Biofeedback & Self-Regulation. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Umezawa, A.: "Effects of stress on post expiration pause time and minute ventilatory volume. Current Biofeedback Research in Japan" Shinkoh Igaku Shuppan. 125-132 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Umezawa, A.: "Relaxation Training Using Motion ; A Preliminary Report Current Biofeedback Research in Japan" Shinkoh Igaku Shuppan. 133-136 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Sokura, K., Umezawa, A.and Hasegawa, N.: "Cognitive processes in motor skill acquisition : The basic study on learning processes in physical education" Studies in Curriculum Research and Development. 11. 133-154 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Umezawa, A., Sokura, K., Hasegawa, N., Fujisawa, A., Nojima, E.and Yajima, M.: "Teaching learning processes of psycho-motor skills" JET93(1). 55-60 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Umezawa, A.Stress, Relaxation, and Respiratory Function: "Change of Minute Ventilatory Volume and Post Expiration Pause Time under Stress and Relaxation" Paper presented at Respiration Symposium in 25th Annual Meeting of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback held at Hyatt Regency Atlanta. March 3-8. (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Umezawa, A.Stress, Relaxation, and Respiratory Function In Kikuchi, T.(Ed.): "Biobehavioral Self-Regulation in the East and the West" Springer-Verlag Tokyo. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Umezawa, A.: "To Use of Visual Feedback During Bidirectional Control of Skin Conductance Level. In Kikuchi, T.(Ed.)" Biobehavioral Self-Regulation in the East and the West. Springer-Verlag Tokyo. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1995-03-27  

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