1993 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Study on Synaptic Plasticity in Aging Brain Tokyo Metropolitan Inst. Gerontology,
| Project/Area Number |
04836028
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
老化(加齢)
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| Research Institution | Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology |
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Principal Investigator |
ANDO Susumu Dept. of Membrane Biochemistry, Research Director, 生体膜部門, 研究部長 (30073000)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1992 – 1993
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| Keywords | Aging / Brain / Synapse / Plasticity / Na / K-ATPase / Cholinergic / Ganglioside |
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| Research Abstract |
Dysfunction of aging brains is speculated to be accelerated by neuronal loss or diminished density of synapses. Three objectives of this study were as follows : 1. to examine the age-related changes of synaptic functions ; 3. to test whether the prevention of the decrement of synaptic density might retard the decreasing brain functions.
We found significant decreases in resting membrane potential and in the activity of an electrogenic enzyme, Na/K-ATPase as a synaptic dysfunction in a previous work (Brain Res., 506 : 46-52, 1989). In this study, the cntent of Na/K-ATPase in synaptic membranes was proved to decrease in late senescence. Secondly, four new species of ganglioides were identified as neuronal membrane markers. Two of them were assigned as cholinergic neuron-specific antigens, Chol-1, and named GT1aalpha and GQ1balpha. Othe two were O-acetylated gangliosides, O-Ac-GT3 and O-Ac-GT2. The latter two were shown to be localized on the growth cone membranes of dendritic fibers. Thirdly, rat brains were demonstrated to greatly develop in rearing under enriched environment. Their cognitive functions such as memory and learning ability were better improved during maturation than control, and were maintained on a level with young stage during senescence. Quntitation of a synaptic marker protein, synaptophysin revealed that the synaptic density definitely increasedin enriched environmental group than in control. This may indicate the possibility that brain dysfunction due to aging could be prevented or retarded by increasing density of synapses.
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[Publications] Waki,H.,Murata,A.,Kon,K.,Maruyama,K.,Kimura,S.,et al.: "Isolation and characterization of a trisialyl-lactosylceramide,GT3,containing an O-acetylated sialic acid in cod fish brain." J.Biochem.113. 502-507 (1993)
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「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Publications] Nakao,T.,Kon,K.,Ando,S.,Miyatake,T.,Yuki,N.,et al.: "Novel lacto-ganglio type gangliosides with G_<M2>-epitope in bovine brain which react with IgM from a patient of the amyotrophic lateral scleros." J.Biol.Chem.268. 21028-21034 (1993)
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「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Publications] Waki, H., Murata, A., kon, K., Maruyama, K., Kimura, S., Ogura, H.& Ando, s.: ""Isolation and characterizatin of a trisialyllactosylceramide, GT3, containing an O-acetylated sialic acid in cod fish brain."" J.Biochem.113. 502-507 (1993)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Nakao, T., kon, K., Ando, S., Miyatake, T., Yuki, N., Li, Y.-T., Furuya, S.& Hirabayashi, Y.: ""Novel lacto-ganglio type gangliosides with G_<M2>- epitope in bovine brain which react with IgM from a patient of the amyotrophic lateral scleros is-like disorder."" J.Biol. Chem.268. 21028-21034 (1993)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Saito, S., Kobayashi, S., Ohashi, Y., Igarashi, M., Komiya, Y.& Ando, S.: ""Decreased synaptic density in aged brains and its prevention by rearing under enriched environment as revealed by synaptophysin contents."" J.Neurosci.Res.(in press).
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
