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1995 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

A role of large-scale volcanism in global environmental changes

Research Project

Project/Area Number 05302062
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 自然地理学
Research InstitutionTokyo Metropolitan University

Principal Investigator

MACHIDA Hiroshi  Physics (Professor, Tokyo Metropolitan University), 理学部, 教授 (10087009)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) MORIWAKI Hiroshi  Faculty of Law Economics and The Humanities (Kagoshima University) Professor, 法文学部, 助教授 (70200459)
FUKUOKA Takaaki  Physics (Gakushuin University) Assistant, 理学部, 助手 (90080473)
SUZUKI Takehiko  Physics (Tokyo Metropolitan University) Assistant, 理学部, 助手 (60240941)
OKA Shuichi  Physics (Tokyo Metropolitan University) Associate Prof., 理学部, 助手 (50106605)
MIKAMI Takehiko  Physics (Tokyo Metropolitan University) Professor, 理学部, 教授 (10114662)
Project Period (FY) 1993 – 1995
KeywordsLarge-scale volcanism / Aerosol release / Tephra / Global environmental changes / Ice core / Tree ring / Laminated lacustrine clay / Rise and fall of civilization
Research Abstract

1.A worldwide tephra catalog is compiled for the Quaternary large-scale explosive eruptions. It covers such volcanic regions as Japan, New Zealand, North America, Europe, East Africa, and Southeast Asia. This tephra database includes petrographic characters of tephra-forming minerals, dating results, stratigraphic position in the marine isotope stages, distribution, volume, etc. This must be useful for correlation and identification of tephra observed in remote areas as well as for understanding of a role of large-scale eruptions in controlling global climatic changes.
2.Of several marked transition stages in climate recorded in marine isotope fluctuations, border stages 3/2 and 5a/4 are characterized by such large explosive volcanisms as Aira-Tn and Taupo-Kawakawa tephras, and Toba tephra, respectively. This coincidence strongly suggests that rapid cooling may have induced or accerelated from these climactic volcanisms.
3.The last 200-years long volcanic signals are determined from ice core of Antarctica. In particular, the 1809 and 1815 signals are prominent. The latter is a product of the great Tambora eruption, but the source volcano of the former has not yet been determined, presumably in the southern hemisphere.
4.A non-glacial varved chronology is applied for determining calendar age of large scale eruptions producing several marker tephras such as Kikai-Akahoya and Ulreung-Oki ashes.

  • Research Products

    (30 results)

All Other

All Publications (30 results)

  • [Publications] 町田 洋: "大規模な爆発的噴火は自然と人間の歴史を変えたか?" 第四紀研究. 32. 285-288 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 三上岳彦: "火山噴火と気候変動" 科学. 63. 615-616 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 町田 洋,新井房夫: "時間示標テフラ阿蘇3によって示唆される最終間氷期直後5d期の海面低下" 地学雑誌. 103. 749-759 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Suzuki: "Chemical analysis of vol caminic glass by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry with JEOL JED-2001 and JSM-5200:analytical procedures and application" Geograplical Report of Tokyo Metropolitan University. 31. 27-36 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] S.Oka and S.Takaoka: "A preliminary study on the effects of pyroclastic fall deposit on the faest ecosystem in southwestern Hokkaido,Japan" Geograplical Report of Tokyo Metropolita University. 31. 149-156 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] H.Machida,et al: "Holocame explosive eruption of Witori and Dakataua caldera volcano in West New Britain and their possible impact on environments" Quaternary International. 34/36. 65-78 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Eden,D.N.et al.: "Volcame glass found in Late Qnaternary Chinese Loess:A pointer for future studies" Quaternary International. 34-36. 34-36 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Beget,J.et al.: "Climatic impact of explosive volcanism. Recommendations for research" PAGES Workshop Report. 96-3. 1-28 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Mikami,T.: "Long term variations of summer temperatures in Tokyo since 1721……" Geographical Repirts of Tokyo Metropolitan University. 31. 157-165 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukusawa,H.et al.: "A new opportusity to detect paleo-earthquake events dating back to the past 10 millennia:a record from lacustrine sediments" Engineering Geology. 43. 177-188 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Dischange rates of fallout tephra and frogneney of pliman eruption during the last 400,000 yrs in SW Japan arc." Quaternary International. 34-36. 79-87 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kohno,M.et al.: "Volcami records and cliating of the upper half of the H15 Ice from Mizuho Platean,East Antarctica." Proc. N19R Symposium Polar Meterol & Glaciol. 10. 36-54 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Okumura,K.: "Tephrochronology,corrlation and deformation of marine terraces in eastern Hokkaido,Japan" Geographical Reports of Tokyo Metropolitam University. 31. 19-26 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 町田 洋,森脇 広(編著): "火山噴火と環境・文明" 思分閣, 213 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 速水 融,町田 洋(編著): "人口・疾病・災害" 朝倉書店, 288 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Machida, H., Blong, R.J., Specht, J., Moriwaki, Y., Taloi, B., Lolok, D.and Pain, C.F.: "Holocene explosive eruptions of Witori and Dakatua caldera volcanoes in West New Britain, Papua New Guinea." Quaternary International. 34-36. 65-78 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Eden, D.N., Froggatt, P.C., Zheng, H.and Machida, H.: "Volcanic glass found in Late Quateinary Chinese Loess : A pointer for future studies?" Quaternary International. 34-36. 107-111 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Beget, J., Machida, H.and Lowe, D.: "Climatic impact of explosive volcanism. Recommendations for research." PAGES Workshop Report ; Series. 96-3. 28 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Mikami, T.: "Long term variations of summer temperatures in Tokyo since 1721." Geographical Reports of Tokyo Mettropolitan Univ.31. 157-165 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukusawa, H., Kawakami, S.and Kanaori, Y.: "A new opportunity to detect paleo-earthquake events dating back to the past 10 millennia a record from lacustrine rediments." Engineering Geology. 43. 177-188 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Oka, S.and Takaoka, S.: "A preliminary study on the effects of pyroelastic fall deposits on the forest ecosystem in sowthwestern Hokkaido, Japan." Geographical Reports of Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.31. 149-156 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Suzuki, T.: "Discharge rates of fallout tephra and frequency of phinion eruptions during the last 400,000 years in southern northeast Japan arc." Quatenmory International. 34-36. 79-87 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kohno, M., Fukuoka, T., Fujii, Y.and Kusakabe, M.: "Volcanic records and dating of the upper half of the HIS Ice from Mizuno Plateau, East, Antarctica." Proc.NIPR Symposium Polar Meterol.& Glaciol.10. 36-54 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Okumura, K.: "Tephrochronslogy, correlation and deformation of marine terraces in eastern Hokkaido, Japan." Geographical Reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University. 31. 19-26 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Machida, H.: "Impact of large-scale explosive volcanism on natural and human history." The Quaternary Research. 32. 285-288 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Mikami, T.: "Volcanic eruptions and climatic variations." Kagaku (Science). 63. 615-616 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Machida, H.and Arai, F.: "Implications of the time-marker Aso-3 tephra to the significant lowering of sea level in the marine isotope stage soy" Journal of Geography. 103. 749-759 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Suzuki, T.: "Chemical analysis of volcanic glass by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry with JEDL JED-2001 and JSM-5200 : analytical procedures and application." Geographical Reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University. 31. 27-36 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Machida, H and Moriwaki, H (eds): Volcanic eruptions, global environment and civilizations. Shibun-kan, Publ.co., 213 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hayami, A.and Machida, H.(eds): Human population, Disease and Natural disasters. Asakura, Publ.co., 288 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1999-03-09  

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