1994 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Clarification of cicuratory regulation and functional differentiation of the nephron.
| Project/Area Number |
05454338
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Kidney internal medicine
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
OMATA Ken Tohoku University School of Medicine, The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Senior Instructor, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (50194634)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
ABE Keishi Tohoku University School of Medicine, The Second Department of Internal Medicine, 医学部, 教授 (60004777)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1993 – 1994
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| Keywords | hypertension / vascular smooth muscle / cell growth / nephron / cytochrome P450 / prostacyclin / epoxyeicosatrienoic acid / 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid |
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| Research Abstract |
The kidney plays a key role in the development and the maintenance of hypertension. We studied the pathophysiological role of renal vasoactive substances. Ranin-angiotensin, kallikrein-kinin, prostaglandins and cytochrome P450 systems are localized to specific nephron segments, suggesting the intimate relationship between these substances and the nephron segments in which that localized. There were marked age-dependent changes in the production rate of these substances. The changes are also dependent on the maturation and the differentiation of the nephron. Furthermore, there were significant changes of production rates of these substances in the animal model of hypertension, such as spontaneously hypertensive rats and Dahl salt sensitive rats. The production rate of vasodepressor substances, such as kallikrein-kinin and prostaglandins systems decreased in hypertensive subjects. On the contrary, the production rate of 19-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 20-HETE which synthesized by renal cytochrome P450, the third metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid increased in hypertensive subjects. 19-HETE stimulates Na-K-ATPase and 20-HETE constricts the vasculature, suggesting the basopressor roles of these substances. In addition, prostacyclin synthesized by cyclooxygenase inhibits and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids synthesized by cytochrome P450 stimulate the cell growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and glomerular mesangial cells in culture. When arachidonic acid is synthesized by cyclooxygenase, the cell growth is inhibited and when arachidonate is synthesize by cytochrome P450, the cell growth is stimulated. In hypertensive subjects prostacyclin, the cyclooxygenase products is decreased and cytochrome P450 activity is increased. These results suggest that these vasoactive substances have the role of the development of renal damage as well as the vascular damage in hypertensive subjects.
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