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1994 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Regulation of the expression of microvillar lactase in small intestine

Research Project

Project/Area Number 05670071
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Environmental physiology (including Physical medicine and Nutritional physiology)
Research InstitutionUniversity of Shizuoka

Principal Investigator

GODA Toshinao  University of Shizuoka, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Instructor, 食品栄養科学部・栄養学科, 助手 (70195923)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TAKASE Sachiko  University of Shizuoka, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of N, 食品栄養科学部・栄養学科, 教授 (10046196)
Project Period (FY) 1993 – 1994
KeywordsLactase / Sucrase / mRNA / Microvillar Membrane / Carbohydrate / Lipid / Diurnal Rhythm / Intestinal Villus
Research Abstract

Regulatory mechanisms of lactase expression were investigated.
1.Gene expression of lactase along the villus-crypt axis :
Dot blot hybridization of lactase mRNA extracted from six consecutive fractions of villus-crypt columns revealed that, unlike sucrase mRNA which was expressed maximally in the lower villus, maximal lactase mRNA level was not attained until the upper villus, suggesting that lactase gene is continuously expressed in the differentiating as well as in the mature absorptive cells.
2.Dietary regulation of lactase gene expression :
A short-term force-feeding experiment showed that sucrese evoked lactase mRNA levels, but a non-metabolizable sugar (alpha-methylglucoside) was unable to enhance it.The sucrose-induced increase in lactase mRNA levels was observed along the entire height of villi, and this enhancement was completely inhibited by actinomycin D injection, suggesting that lactase gene transcription might be enhanced by metabolite (s) of carbohydrates.
3.Localization of l … More actase in enterocytes :
Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that lactase was detected not only in the microvilli, but also in the lateral membranes, suggesting that an alternative route for intracellular transport of lactase via the lateral membranes to the microvilli.
4.Diet-induced changes in posttranslational modifications of lactase :
Feeding medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) causes a decrease in bile acid concentrations in the intestinal lumen, resulting in a retarded degradation of sucrase in the microvilli.The animals fed the high long-chain triglyceride (LCT) diet showed a lower lactase activity than the rats fed the high-MCT diet, which was accompanied by the reduction in the lactase activity per unit weight of immunoreactive lactase, suggesting that LCT might accelerate inactivation and/or degradation of lactase.
5.Diurnal rhythm of lactase expression :
Sucrase mRNA exhibited diurnal variations, but lactase mRNA did not show diurnal variations.Total lactase activity in the microvillar membranes showed a diurnal variation together with a parallel variation of total microvillar proteins, suggesting that diurnal rhythm of lactase activity is caused by a change in turnover of microvillar proteins. Less

  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All Other

All Publications (20 results)

  • [Publications] Shinohara,H.et al.: "Feeding medium-chain triglycerides to rats decreases degradation of sucrase-isomaltase complex in the jejunum." Journal of Nutrition. 123. 1161-1167 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Noda,S.and Goda,T.: "Immunoelectron microscopic localization of sucrase-isomaltase in rat small intestine." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 39. 201-205 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Noda,S.and Goda,T.: "Immunoelectron microscopic localization of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in rat small intestine." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 39. 373-379 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 合田,敏尚: "小腸刷子縁の機能的構築と糖質の消化・吸収" 臨床科学. 29. 981-988 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda,T.and Takase,S.: "Effect of dietary fat content on microvillus in rat jejunum." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 40. 127-136 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 合田,敏尚: "小腸二糖類水解酵素の食事要因による調節機構" 日本栄養・食糧学会誌. 47. 81-92 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 合田,敏尚ら: "小腸絨毛細胞の成熟化に伴うラクターゼならびにスクラーゼの遺伝子発現" 消化と吸収. 17. 66-69 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda,T.and Takase,S.: "Dietary carbohydrate and fat independently modulate disaccharidase activities in rat jejunum." Journal of Nutrition. 124. 2233-2239 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yasutake,H.et al.: "Dietary regulation of sucrase-isomaltase gene expression in rat jejunum." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1243. 270-276 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda,T.et al: "Diet-induced changes in gene expression of lactase in rat jejunum." American Journal of Physiology. (in press). (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Shinohara, H., et al.: "Feeding medium-chain triglycerides to rats decreases degradation of sucrase-isomaltase complex in the jejunum." The Journal of Nutrition. 123. 1161-1167 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Noda, S.and Goda, T.: "Immunoelectron microscopic localization of sucrase-isomaltase in rat small intestine." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 39. 201-215 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Noda, S.and Goda, T.: "Immunoelectron microscopic localization of lactase in rat small intestine." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 39. 373-379 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda, T.: "Functional arrangement of small intestinal microvilli and carbohydrate digenstion and absorption." The Journal of Clinical Science. 29. 981-988 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda, T.and Takase, S.: "Effect of dietary fat content on microvillus in rat jejunum." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 40. 127-136 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goto, T.: "Dietary regulation of small-intestinal disaccharidases." Journal of Japanese Society of Nutrition and Food Science. 47. 81-92 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda, T.and Takase, S.: "Gene expression of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase and sucrase-isomaltase in differentiating enterocytes along the villus-crypt axis of rat jejunum." Digestion & Absorption. 17. 66-69 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda, T.and Takase, S.: "Dietary carbohydrate and fat independently modulate disaccharidase activities in rat jejunum." The Journal of Nutrition. 124. 2233-2239 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yasutake, H.et al.: "Dietary regulation of sucrase-isomaltase gene expression in rat jejunum." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1243. 270-276 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goda, T.et al.: "Diet-induced changes in gene expression of lactase in rat jejunum." American Journal of Physiology. (in press). (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1996-04-15  

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