1993 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

西大西洋域における大気・海洋結合系のダイナミクスの観測

Research Project

Project/Area Number	05NP0201
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	深尾昌一郎京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	津田敏隆京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 助教授 (30115886) 金子新広島大学, 工学部, 教授 (10038101) 上田博北海道大学, 理学部, 助教授 (80184935) 住明正東京大学, 気候システム研究センター, 教授 (10179294) 加藤進京都大学, 名誉教授 (10025827)
Keywords	地球環境変動 / アジア・西太平洋域 / 大気・海洋結合系 / 力学観測 / 対流・波動 / ブイ観測 / レーダー観測 / ラジオゾンデ観測
Research Abstract	本研究計画全体の目的は、西太平洋域大気・海洋結合系を構成する以下の諸項目の観測を実施し,結果を集約して力学・熱力学的実像を明らかにすることである: ・項目(a)大気・海洋相互作用の研究:(海洋〜下層大気領域の観測) i.「乱流」(<1時間;船上での渦相関・微細構造プロファイラー(MSP);海面から大気への輸送過程),ii.「雲クラスター」(数時間〜1ヶ月;航空機・ドップラーレーダー・雲観測ゾンデ;雲の組織化過程),iii.「ENSO」(>数ヶ月;係累ブイ・投棄型水温計(XBT)・超音波流速計(ADCP)・放射計・陸面(アンデラ-);大気・海洋・陸面系の長期モニタリング). ・項目(b)大気対流・波動の発生機構の研究:(下〜中層大気領域の観測) i.「大気境界層」(地表〜数km高度;境界層レーダー;大気擾乱源),ii.「下層自由大気」(地表〜35km高度;MUレーダー・RASS・ラジオゾンテ;対流圏→成層圏擾乱侵入過程),iii.「中層大気」(55〜90km高度;MUレーダー・電波干渉計・流星レーダー・分反射レーダー;成層圏→中間圏擾乱侵入過程). 上記の目的のため,平成5年度は観測の続行に加え,本課題研究分担者各自でデータ解析を本格的に開始したほか,それらのうち主要な成果を相互に交換・検討するための研究打ち合せを行った。(旅費・謝金・その他).各項目ごとの研究内容は以下のように集約される: ・項目(a):前年度に実施された西太平洋赤道域の国際共同特別観測(乱流・混合層・高層気象・係累計(ADCP)・XBT・CTD・マヌス島レーダー・商船委託日射計XBT・係累ブイ・チベット)で得られた成果を統一的に解析するため,解析手段を整備し(設備備品費),また国内外の研究者との協同研究を強化した(消耗品費・旅費・謝金・その他). ・項目(b):インドネシア国西ジャワ州スルポン地区における赤道大気上下結合に関する連続観測(BLR・RASS・NWRおよび地上気象測器)を発展的に継続するとともに、乾季(5年10月)および雨季(6年2月)の強化観測(ラジオゾンデを含む)を行い(消耗品費・旅費),また電波干渉計の開発を本格化し(設備備品費),さらに他の赤道域観測との比較・検討を行なうため協同研究を強化した(消耗品費・旅費).並行してMUレーダー高速データ取得装置(特別設備費として別途策定)を使用するに当たっての,基本ソフトウェアならびに大気擾乱解析法の開発も継続的に行った.上記の観測データは現在分担者間で解析中である.これまでの解析から以下のような結果が得られている: ・項目(a):海洋混合層の観測からは,この海域に従来見られなかったactive finger層が見い出された.マヌス島のレーダー観測では,予想とは異なり,鉛直に多段構造が発見された.また,降水域の強度とエコー長・エコー領域との差異が見い出された.このことは,衛星による降水量推定の再吟味を示唆している.海洋上の高層観測からは,下層に限られた顕著な4日程度の周期の風の回転が観測された.赤道上は,渦が非常に出来にくい所であり,興味深い結果である.引続き解析を続ける予定である. ・項目(b):乾季・雨季強化観測からは,晴天日大気境界層(混合層)の中緯度より大振幅の日変化,積乱雲対流群に伴う風速・気温・放射収支・降水の短周期変化が確認されている.またBLR観測からメソスケール風速変動のスペクトル,MWR観測から赤道中層大気の平均南北風,大気潮汐など各種波動などの解析が進められている.さらに,BLR観測で得られた東西風変動については,スーパークラスター移動に伴う太平洋貿易風からインド洋モンスーンへの交替であること,ラジオゾンデ観測で得られた対流圏界面付近の風速・温度変動は地球規模のケルビン波によるものであること,等が項目(a)との比較によっても確認されている.これらを含む成果の集約と発表は平成6年度に完了させる計画である.

Research Products

(35 results)

All Other

All Publications (35 results)

[Publications] Takeuchi,K.: "Preliminary report of observation by Hakuho-maru during the IOP of TOGA-COARE" Proceeding of the Korean-Japan Joint Workshop of TOGA-COARE.
[Publications] Yasunari,T.and S.Kodama: "Intraseasonal variability of katabatic wind over east Antarctica and planetary flow regime in the Southern Hemisphere" Jour.Geophys.Res.98. 13063-13070 (1993)
[Publications] Tomita,T.,and T.Yasunari: "On the two type of ENSO" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 273-284 (1993)
[Publications] Takahashi,T.,and K.Kuhara: "Precipitation machanisms of cumulonimbus clouds at Pohnpei,Microneshia" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 21-31 (1993)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,O.: "Comments on "Peculiar Downward Water Vapor flux over Gobi Desert in the Day-time by J.Wang and Y.Mitsuta" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 161-162 (1993)
[Publications] Takahashi,N.,H.Uyeda,and K.Kikuchi: "Doppler Radar Observation on Wave-like Echoes Generated in a Strong Vertical Shear" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 357-365 (1993)
[Publications] Takahashi,N.,H.Uyeda,Y.Asuma,S.Shimizu,S.Sato,T.Endo,K.Takeuchi,Y.Fujiyoshi,R.Shirooka and A.Sumi: "Radar Observations of Tropical Clouds on the Manus Island,Papua New Guinea" Proceedings of IGARSS'93. 615-617 (1993)
[Publications] Kubota,M.: "A new cloud detection algorithm for nighttime A VHRR/HRPT data" Jour.Oceanogr.50. 31-41 (1994)
[Publications] Kubota,M.: "A mechanism of the accumulatin of floating marine debris North of Hawaii" Jour.Phys.Oceanography. (in press). (1994)
[Publications] Mayeda,A.,T.Yamashiro,and M.Sakurai: "Fluctuation in Volume Transport Distribution Accompanied by the Kuroshio Front Migration in the Takara Strait" Jour.of Oceanography. 49. 231-245 (1993)
[Publications] Sumi,A.and R.Oki: "Simulation of TRMM Observation using Radar-AMeDAS composite" Proceedings of IGARSS'93. 623-625 (1993)
[Publications] Fujiyoshi,Y.: "Dual Doppler radar Observation of a tropical convective band developed from two small convective clouds" Proceedings of the "Korea-Japan Joint Workshop for TOGA-COARE"1993.
[Publications] Matsuno,T.,S.Kanari,C.Kobayashi and T.Hibiya: "Vertical Mixing around the Bottom Mixed Layer near the Continental Shelf Break in the East China Sea" Jour.of Oceanography. (Submitted). (1994)
[Publications] Kaneko,A.: "Towed ADCP Fish with Depth and Roll Controllable Wings and Its Application to the Kuroshio Observation" Jour.of Oceanogr.(in press). (1993)
[Publications] Adachi,T.: "Effects of the Acoustic and Radar Pulse Length Ratio on the Accuracy of RASS Temperature Measurements" Radio Sci.28. 571-583 (1993)
[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Observations of Tropospheric Temperature Fluctuations with the MU Radar/RASS" J.Ocean.Atmos.Tech.(in press). (1994)
[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Characteristics of Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere Observed with the MU Radar:1.Momentum flux" J.Geophys.Res.98. 8899-8910 (1993)
[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Characteristics of Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere Observed with the MU Radar:2.Propagation Direction" J.Geophys.Res.98. 8911-8923 (1993)
[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Vatiations of the Gravity Wave Characteristics with Height,Season andLatitude Revealed by Comparative Observations" J.Atmos.Terr.Phys.56. 555-568 (1994)
[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Comparison of the Mesospheric Gravity Waves Observed with the MU Radar(35°N)and the adelaide MF Radar(35°S)21GC20:Geophys.Res.Lett." 20. 803-806 (1993)
[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A Simple Model of Gravity-Wave Momentum and Energy Fluxes Transferred through the Middle Atmosphere to the Upper Atmosphere" J.Atmos.Terr.Phys.(In press). (1994)
[Publications] Fuako,S.: "Seasonal Variability of Vertical Eddy Diffusivity in the Middle Atmosphere,Part I:Three-Year Observations by the MU Radar" J.Geophys.Res.(In press). (1994)
[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Comparative Observation of Short Period Gravity Waves(10-100min)in the Mesosphere in 1989 by Saskatoon MF Radar(52°N),Canada and the MU Radar(35°N),Japan" Radio Sci.28. 729-746 (1993)
[Publications] Maekawa,Y.: "Distribution of Ice Particles in Wintertime Thunderclouds Detected by the C Band Dual Polarization Radar:A Case Study" J.Geophys.Res.,. 98. 16613-16622 (1993)
[Publications] Maekawa,Y.: "First Observation of the Upper Stratospheric Virtical Wind Velocities Using the Jicamarca VHF Radar" Geophys.Res.Lett.20. 2235-2238 (1993)
[Publications] 深尾昌一郎: "Lバンドレーダーによる境界層観測" 天気. 40. 15-19 (1993)
[Publications] 深尾昌一郎: "大型レーダーで高層の大気を捉える" 科学. 63. 179-186 (1993)
[Publications] 深尾昌一郎: "MUレーダーによる中層・超高層大気のリモートセンシング" 計測と制御. 32. 416-422 (1993)
[Publications] Watanabe,A.,S.Fukao,M.D.Yamanaka,A.Sumi,and H.Uyeda: "A Rotor Circulation near the Baiu Front Observed by the MU Radar" J.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 72. 91-105 (1994)
[Publications] Yamamoto,M.,N.Komoda,S.Fukao,R.T.Tsunoda,T.Ogawa,and T.Tsuda: "Spatial Structure of the E-Region Field-AlignedIrregularities Revealed by the MU Radar" Radio Sci.In press. (1994)
[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Radiosonde Observations of Equatorial Atmosphere Dynamics over Indonesia;Part I:Equatorial Waves and Diurnal Tides" J.Geophys.Res.(In press). (1994)
[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Radiosonde Observations of Equatorial Atmosphere Dynamics over Indonesia;Part II:Characteristics of Gravity Waves" J.Geophys.Res.(In press). (1994)
[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Multiple tropopauses:A major source of Middle-atmospheric Gravity waves" Proceeding of 1992 STEP Symp.,COSPAR Colloquium 5 M.Teague(ed.),Pergamon Press. (In press). (1994)
[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A model of quasi-monochromatic field of middle-atmospheric internal gravity waves" Proceeding of 1992 STEP Symp.,COSPAR Colloquium 5 M.Teague(ed.),Pergamon Press. (In press). (1994)
[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Seasonal and interannual variabilities of vertical eddy diffusivity observed by the MU Radar" Adv.Space.Res.(In press). (1994)

1993 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

西大西洋域における大気・海洋結合系のダイナミクスの観測

Principal Investigator

深尾 昌一郎 京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)

Research Products

[Publications] Takeuchi,K.: "Preliminary report of observation by Hakuho-maru during the IOP of TOGA-COARE" Proceeding of the Korean-Japan Joint Workshop of TOGA-COARE.

[Publications] Yasunari,T.and S.Kodama: "Intraseasonal variability of katabatic wind over east Antarctica and planetary flow regime in the Southern Hemisphere" Jour.Geophys.Res.98. 13063-13070 (1993)

[Publications] Tomita,T.,and T.Yasunari: "On the two type of ENSO" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 273-284 (1993)

[Publications] Takahashi,T.,and K.Kuhara: "Precipitation machanisms of cumulonimbus clouds at Pohnpei,Microneshia" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 21-31 (1993)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,O.: "Comments on "Peculiar Downward Water Vapor flux over Gobi Desert in the Day-time by J.Wang and Y.Mitsuta" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 161-162 (1993)

[Publications] Takahashi,N.,H.Uyeda,and K.Kikuchi: "Doppler Radar Observation on Wave-like Echoes Generated in a Strong Vertical Shear" Jour.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 71. 357-365 (1993)

[Publications] Takahashi,N.,H.Uyeda,Y.Asuma,S.Shimizu,S.Sato,T.Endo,K.Takeuchi,Y.Fujiyoshi,R.Shirooka and A.Sumi: "Radar Observations of Tropical Clouds on the Manus Island,Papua New Guinea" Proceedings of IGARSS'93. 615-617 (1993)

[Publications] Kubota,M.: "A new cloud detection algorithm for nighttime A VHRR/HRPT data" Jour.Oceanogr.50. 31-41 (1994)

[Publications] Kubota,M.: "A mechanism of the accumulatin of floating marine debris North of Hawaii" Jour.Phys.Oceanography. (in press). (1994)

[Publications] Mayeda,A.,T.Yamashiro,and M.Sakurai: "Fluctuation in Volume Transport Distribution Accompanied by the Kuroshio Front Migration in the Takara Strait" Jour.of Oceanography. 49. 231-245 (1993)

[Publications] Sumi,A.and R.Oki: "Simulation of TRMM Observation using Radar-AMeDAS composite" Proceedings of IGARSS'93. 623-625 (1993)

[Publications] Fujiyoshi,Y.: "Dual Doppler radar Observation of a tropical convective band developed from two small convective clouds" Proceedings of the "Korea-Japan Joint Workshop for TOGA-COARE"1993.

[Publications] Matsuno,T.,S.Kanari,C.Kobayashi and T.Hibiya: "Vertical Mixing around the Bottom Mixed Layer near the Continental Shelf Break in the East China Sea" Jour.of Oceanography. (Submitted). (1994)

[Publications] Kaneko,A.: "Towed ADCP Fish with Depth and Roll Controllable Wings and Its Application to the Kuroshio Observation" Jour.of Oceanogr.(in press). (1993)

[Publications] Adachi,T.: "Effects of the Acoustic and Radar Pulse Length Ratio on the Accuracy of RASS Temperature Measurements" Radio Sci.28. 571-583 (1993)

[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Observations of Tropospheric Temperature Fluctuations with the MU Radar/RASS" J.Ocean.Atmos.Tech.(in press). (1994)

[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Characteristics of Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere Observed with the MU Radar:1.Momentum flux" J.Geophys.Res.98. 8899-8910 (1993)

[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Characteristics of Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere Observed with the MU Radar:2.Propagation Direction" J.Geophys.Res.98. 8911-8923 (1993)

[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Vatiations of the Gravity Wave Characteristics with Height,Season andLatitude Revealed by Comparative Observations" J.Atmos.Terr.Phys.56. 555-568 (1994)

[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Comparison of the Mesospheric Gravity Waves Observed with the MU Radar(35°N)and the adelaide MF Radar(35°S)21GC20:Geophys.Res.Lett." 20. 803-806 (1993)

[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A Simple Model of Gravity-Wave Momentum and Energy Fluxes Transferred through the Middle Atmosphere to the Upper Atmosphere" J.Atmos.Terr.Phys.(In press). (1994)

[Publications] Fuako,S.: "Seasonal Variability of Vertical Eddy Diffusivity in the Middle Atmosphere,Part I:Three-Year Observations by the MU Radar" J.Geophys.Res.(In press). (1994)

[Publications] Nakamura,T.: "Comparative Observation of Short Period Gravity Waves(10-100min)in the Mesosphere in 1989 by Saskatoon MF Radar(52°N),Canada and the MU Radar(35°N),Japan" Radio Sci.28. 729-746 (1993)

[Publications] Maekawa,Y.: "Distribution of Ice Particles in Wintertime Thunderclouds Detected by the C Band Dual Polarization Radar:A Case Study" J.Geophys.Res.,. 98. 16613-16622 (1993)

[Publications] Maekawa,Y.: "First Observation of the Upper Stratospheric Virtical Wind Velocities Using the Jicamarca VHF Radar" Geophys.Res.Lett.20. 2235-2238 (1993)

[Publications] 深尾昌一郎: "Lバンドレーダーによる境界層観測" 天気. 40. 15-19 (1993)

[Publications] 深尾昌一郎: "大型レーダーで高層の大気を捉える" 科学. 63. 179-186 (1993)

[Publications] 深尾昌一郎: "MUレーダーによる中層・超高層大気のリモートセンシング" 計測と制御. 32. 416-422 (1993)

[Publications] Watanabe,A.,S.Fukao,M.D.Yamanaka,A.Sumi,and H.Uyeda: "A Rotor Circulation near the Baiu Front Observed by the MU Radar" J.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 72. 91-105 (1994)

[Publications] Yamamoto,M.,N.Komoda,S.Fukao,R.T.Tsunoda,T.Ogawa,and T.Tsuda: "Spatial Structure of the E-Region Field-AlignedIrregularities Revealed by the MU Radar" Radio Sci.In press. (1994)

[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Radiosonde Observations of Equatorial Atmosphere Dynamics over Indonesia;Part I:Equatorial Waves and Diurnal Tides" J.Geophys.Res.(In press). (1994)

[Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Radiosonde Observations of Equatorial Atmosphere Dynamics over Indonesia;Part II:Characteristics of Gravity Waves" J.Geophys.Res.(In press). (1994)

[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Multiple tropopauses:A major source of Middle-atmospheric Gravity waves" Proceeding of 1992 STEP Symp.,COSPAR Colloquium 5 M.Teague(ed.),Pergamon Press. (In press). (1994)

[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A model of quasi-monochromatic field of middle-atmospheric internal gravity waves" Proceeding of 1992 STEP Symp.,COSPAR Colloquium 5 M.Teague(ed.),Pergamon Press. (In press). (1994)

[Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Seasonal and interannual variabilities of vertical eddy diffusivity observed by the MU Radar" Adv.Space.Res.(In press). (1994)

深尾昌一郎京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)