1994 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

細胞質遺伝の分子細胞機構に関する研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number	06101002
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	黒岩常祥東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (50033353)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	高野博嘉東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助手 (70242104) 内田英伸筑波大学, 生物科学系, 助手 (00261769) 河野重行東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教授 (70161338)
Keywords	母性遺伝 / 両性遺伝 / オルガネラの雌雄性 / オルガネラ核 / 雄由来葉緑体核DNAの選択的消化 / オルガネラの融合 / クラミドモナス / 真正粘菌
Research Abstract	1.マイクロダイセクシヨン装置の改良を行い、従来の装置では不可能であった極小オルガネラゲノムのダイセクシヨンが可能となった。現試作段階では、光源装置の改良、レーザーの走査システムの付加、およびマイクロ光ピンセットとの結合などによって、1個の生きている細胞内における1個のオルガネラの移動、固定細胞からのオルガネラの分取か可能である。この技術を分子生物学的手法と結合することにより、以下の2-5の細胞質遺伝の分子細胞機構の解析を更に進めたい。 2.母性遺伝の分子機構については単細胞緑藻クラミドモナスを用いて解析した。接合後1O分以内に発現する2O余りの遺伝子の内、既に5つ遺伝子(ZySI-5】を単離している。ZySIをマルトース結合タンパク質とin frameで融合したタンパク質を大腸菌内で高発現させ、これを用いて抗体を作製した。抗体を用いたイムノブロッティング、免疫蛍光顕微鏡法による解析は、ZySI夕ンハク質の細胞内での生産が葉緑体核DNAの選択的消化の時期と密接に関与していることを明らかにした。 3.1で改良したマイクロダイセクシヨン装置を用い、ヌクレアーゼCの葉緑体内での挙動を解析する装置の開発を始めた。 4.両性遺伝の分子機構について高等植物を用いて解析した。両性遺伝型植物だけでなく、母性遺伝型植物でも卵細胞に巨大なオルガネラ核が出現することがわかった。これは、雌性配偶子の形成にも雄由来のオルガネラ遺伝子を子孫に伝達させないための機構があることを示唆している。 5.オルガネラの雌雄性の分子機構について、真正粘菌のミトコンドリアの線状プラスミド上にある1O個のORFの構造を解析し、その内の1つがDNAホリメラーゼであることがはっきりした。更に、このプラスミドの関与で雌雄のミトコンドリア間でmtDNA同士が組換えを直接起こす現象を見いだした。

Research Products
(23 results)

All Other

All Publications (23 results)

[Publications] Kuroiwa,T: "Molecular and Cellular Mcchanisms of Mitochondrian Nuclear Division and Mitochondriokinesis." Micr。sc。pyRes.Tech.27. 220-232 (1994)
[Publications] Kuroiwa,T: "Mitochondria-dividing ring:utrastructural basis for the mechanism of mitochonrial division in Cvanidioschyzon merolae." Protoplasma. (印刷中).
[Publications] Kuroiwa,T: "Comparison of ultrastructures between the ultra-small eukaryote Cvanidioschyzon merolac and Cvanidium caldarium." Cytologia. 59. 149-158 (1994)
[Publications] Fujie,M.: "Behavior of organelles and their nucleoids in the shoot apical meristem during leaf development in Arabidopsis thaliana L." P1anta. 194. 395-405 (1994)
[Publications] Hayashi,M.: "Rapid flower initiation of a desert ephemeral Pectis papposa Gray." Cytologia. 59. 369-376 (1994)
[Publications] Hayashi,M.: "Histological morphology and developmen of the shoot apical meristem of a rapid-flowering desert annual Pectis papposa Gray." Cytologia. 59. 471-477 (1994)
[Publications] Hayahi,M: "Evidence for cmmitment flowers on the mother plasnt to floral regeneration in Nicotiana plumbaginifdia Viv." J.plant Res.(印刷中).
[Publications] Kawano,S.: "Sexuality of mitochondria:fusion,recmbination and plasmids." lnt.Rev.Cytol. (印刷中).
[Publications] Kawazu,T.: "Distribution of the Golgi apparatus in the mitosis of cultured tobacco cells as revealed as revealed by DiOC_6 fluorescence microscopy." Protoplasma. (印刷中).
[Publications] Matsunaga,S.: "Cytological analyses in Melandrium aIbum:genome size.chromosome slze and fiuorescence in situ bridization." Cytologia. 59. 135-141 (1994)
[Publications] Miyake,T.: "Differential mechanisms of movement between a generative cell and a vegetative nucleus in pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum as revealed by additions of colchicine and nonanoic acid." SexuaI P1ant Reproduction. (印刷中).
[Publications] Nozaki,H.: "Lign and electron microscipic characterization of two tyPes of Pyrenoids in Gonium(goniaceae,chlorophyta)." J.Phycol.30. 279-290 (1994)
[Publications] 0hta,N.: "T hc TrpA gene on the plastid genome of Cvanidium caldarium strain RK-1." Curr.Genet.25. 357-361 (1994)
[Publications] Sasaki,N.: "Bchavior of mitochondria and their nuclei during amcebac cell proliferation in Physarum polycephalum." Protoplasma. 182. 115-125 (1994)
[Publications] Sodmergen: "An unque organization pattern nuclei(nucleoids)in the coleoptiles of Orvza sativa." Cytologia. 59. 203-209 (1994)
[Publications] Suzuki,K.: "Behavior of Mitochondria.Chloroplasts and their Nuclei during the Mitotic Cycle in the Ultramicroal Cvanidioschyzon merolas." Eur.J.CelI Biol.63. 280-288 (1994)
[Publications] Suzuki,K.: "Cytokinesis by a contractile ring in the primitive red alga Cvanidium caldarium RK-1." Eur.J.CelI Biol.(印刷中).
[Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Preferential synthesis of organelle DNA in the root apical meristem." J.E×p.Bot.(印刷中).
[Publications] Takano,H.: "Complcx terminal struclure of a linear mitochondriaI plasmid from Physarum polycephalum three terminal inverted repeates and an ORF encoding DNA polymerace" Curr.Genet.26. 252-257 (1994)
[Publications] Takano,H.: "Genctic organization of mF plasmidthat promotes the mitochondrial fusion inPhvsarum polycephalum." Curr.Genet. 26. 506-511 (1994)
[Publications] 0hta,T.: "Ccntrosomes are formed de nove during meiosis in germinating spores of the true slime mould. physarum polysarunm: a 3-dimensional approsch" J.Structural.Biol.(印刷中).
[Publications] 0hta,T.: "Non-sunchronous degradation of centrioles during mating in physarum polycephalum" Cytologia. 59. 225-230 (1994)
[Publications] Kuroiwa,T(分担): "Evolution pathways and enigmatic algae:Cvanidium caldarium(Rhodophyta)" K1uwer Academic Phblishers,Netherlands, PP.239-253 (1994)

1994 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

細胞質遺伝の分子細胞機構に関する研究

Principal Investigator

黒岩 常祥 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (50033353)

Research Products

[Publications] Kuroiwa,T: "Molecular and Cellular Mcchanisms of Mitochondrian Nuclear Division and Mitochondriokinesis." Micr。sc。pyRes.Tech.27. 220-232 (1994)

[Publications] Kuroiwa,T: "Mitochondria-dividing ring:utrastructural basis for the mechanism of mitochonrial division in Cvanidioschyzon merolae." Protoplasma. (印刷中).

[Publications] Kuroiwa,T: "Comparison of ultrastructures between the ultra-small eukaryote Cvanidioschyzon merolac and Cvanidium caldarium." Cytologia. 59. 149-158 (1994)

[Publications] Fujie,M.: "Behavior of organelles and their nucleoids in the shoot apical meristem during leaf development in Arabidopsis thaliana L." P1anta. 194. 395-405 (1994)

[Publications] Hayashi,M.: "Rapid flower initiation of a desert ephemeral Pectis papposa Gray." Cytologia. 59. 369-376 (1994)

[Publications] Hayashi,M.: "Histological morphology and developmen of the shoot apical meristem of a rapid-flowering desert annual Pectis papposa Gray." Cytologia. 59. 471-477 (1994)

[Publications] Hayahi,M: "Evidence for cmmitment flowers on the mother plasnt to floral regeneration in Nicotiana plumbaginifdia Viv." J.plant Res.(印刷中).

[Publications] Kawano,S.: "Sexuality of mitochondria:fusion,recmbination and plasmids." lnt.Rev.Cytol. (印刷中).

[Publications] Kawazu,T.: "Distribution of the Golgi apparatus in the mitosis of cultured tobacco cells as revealed as revealed by DiOC_6 fluorescence microscopy." Protoplasma. (印刷中).

[Publications] Matsunaga,S.: "Cytological analyses in Melandrium aIbum:genome size.chromosome slze and fiuorescence in situ bridization." Cytologia. 59. 135-141 (1994)

[Publications] Miyake,T.: "Differential mechanisms of movement between a generative cell and a vegetative nucleus in pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum as revealed by additions of colchicine and nonanoic acid." SexuaI P1ant Reproduction. (印刷中).

[Publications] Nozaki,H.: "Lign and electron microscipic characterization of two tyPes of Pyrenoids in Gonium(goniaceae,chlorophyta)." J.Phycol.30. 279-290 (1994)

[Publications] 0hta,N.: "T hc TrpA gene on the plastid genome of Cvanidium caldarium strain RK-1." Curr.Genet.25. 357-361 (1994)

[Publications] Sasaki,N.: "Bchavior of mitochondria and their nuclei during amcebac cell proliferation in Physarum polycephalum." Protoplasma. 182. 115-125 (1994)

[Publications] Sodmergen: "An unque organization pattern nuclei(nucleoids)in the coleoptiles of Orvza sativa." Cytologia. 59. 203-209 (1994)

[Publications] Suzuki,K.: "Behavior of Mitochondria.Chloroplasts and their Nuclei during the Mitotic Cycle in the Ultramicroal Cvanidioschyzon merolas." Eur.J.CelI Biol.63. 280-288 (1994)

[Publications] Suzuki,K.: "Cytokinesis by a contractile ring in the primitive red alga Cvanidium caldarium RK-1." Eur.J.CelI Biol.(印刷中).

[Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Preferential synthesis of organelle DNA in the root apical meristem." J.E×p.Bot.(印刷中).

[Publications] Takano,H.: "Complcx terminal struclure of a linear mitochondriaI plasmid from Physarum polycephalum three terminal inverted repeates and an ORF encoding DNA polymerace" Curr.Genet.26. 252-257 (1994)

[Publications] Takano,H.: "Genctic organization of mF plasmidthat promotes the mitochondrial fusion inPhvsarum polycephalum." Curr.Genet. 26. 506-511 (1994)

[Publications] 0hta,T.: "Ccntrosomes are formed de nove during meiosis in germinating spores of the true slime mould. physarum polysarunm: a 3-dimensional approsch" J.Structural.Biol.(印刷中).

[Publications] 0hta,T.: "Non-sunchronous degradation of centrioles during mating in physarum polycephalum" Cytologia. 59. 225-230 (1994)

[Publications] Kuroiwa,T(分担): "Evolution pathways and enigmatic algae:Cvanidium caldarium(Rhodophyta)" K1uwer Academic Phblishers,Netherlands, PP.239-253 (1994)

黒岩常祥東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (50033353)