1996 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Control
| Project/Area Number |
06404020
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
General medical chemistry
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
OKAYAMA Hiroto The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine Professor, 医学部, 教授 (40111950)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MURAKAMI Hiroshi The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine Associate, 医学部, 助手 (80262020)
JINNO Shigeki The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine Associate, 医学部, 助手 (10251224)
NAGATA Akihisa The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine Lecture, 医学部, 講師 (50155933)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1994 – 1996
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| Keywords | cell cycle / fission yeast / ORC / G1 phase / S phase / cdc2 / cyclin |
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| Research Abstract |
The goal of this research is to understand the molecular mechanism controlling the cell cycle "start" and the cell differentiation "start". To this end, fission yeast has been studied as a model organism because this organism is closely related to higher eukaryotes. During the past 3 years, we have discovered 4 novel factors controlling the onset of differentiation and 5 new factors controlling the cell cycle "start". Among the 4 factors are a B-type cyclin that negatively controls the onset of differentiation and positively controls the start of the cell cycle ; a stress signal MAP kinase called Phh1 that positively controls the onset of differentiation ; a novel protein named Rcd1 that is essential for nitrogen-starvation-induced start of differentiation ; Nrd1, a RNA binding protein that negatively controls the onset of differentiation. They have mammalian homologues, raising the possibility that the differentiation control system found in fission yeast may be conserved up to mammals.
Among the 5 cell cycle "start" factors are Res2, a DNA binding subunit that forms a transcriptional factor complex with Cdc10 ; Rep1 and Rep2, two transcriptional activator subunits that act by forming a complex with Res2-Cdc10 ; the new cyclin Pas1 that associates with Cdc2 kinase and activates Res2/Cdc10/Rep2 ; Spt1 a novel factor that binds Cdc18 and critically controls the onset and progression of S phase. Spt1 might form a control cascade independent of the Cdc2/Pas1-Res/Cdc10/Rep-Cdc18 cascade.
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[Publications] Jinno, S., Suto, K., Nagata, A., Igarashi, M., Kanaoka, Y., Nojima, H., and Okayama, H.: "Cdc25A is a novel phosphatase functioning early in the cell cycle." EMBO J.13. 1549-1556 (1994)
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Murakami, S., Takahashi, Y., Yoshida, S., Fuke, I., Ohmae, K., Mori, C., Takagi, M., Takimizawa, A., and Okayama, H.: "Highly sensitive detection of viral RNA genomes in blood specimens by an optimized reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction." J.Med. Virol.43. 175-181 (1994)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Manabe, S., Fuke, I., Tanishita, O., Kaji, C., Gomo, Y., Yoshida, S., Mori, C., Takamizawa, A., Yoshida, I., and Okayama, H.: "Production of nonstructural proteins of hepatitis C virus requires a putative viral protease encoded by NS3." Virol.196. 636-644 (1994)
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[Publications] Hara, E., Yamaguchi, T., Nojima, H., Ide, T., Campisi, J., Okayama, H., and Oda, K.: "Id-relatred genes encoding helix-loop-helix proteins are required for G1 progression and are repressed in senescent human fibroblasts." J.Biol. Chem.269. 1-7 (1994)
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[Publications] Giga-Hama, Y., Tohda, H., Okada, H., Owada, M.K., Okayama, H., and Kumagai, H.: "High-level expression of human lipocortin I in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe using a novel expression vector." Biotechnology. 12. 400-404 (1994)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Shimizu, M., Ichikawa, E., Inoue, U., Nakamura, T., Nakajima, T., Nojima, H., Okayama, H., and Oda, K.: "The G1/S boundary-specific enhancer of the rat cdc2 promoter." Mol. Cell. Biol.15. 2882-2892 (1995)
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[Publications] Okayama, H., Nagata, A., Jinno, S., Murakami, H., Tanaka, K., and Nakashima, N.: "Cell cycle control in fission yeast and mammals identification of new regulatory mechanisms." Adv. Cancer Re.69. 17-62 (1996)
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[Publications] Kato, Jr. , T., Okazaki, K., Murakami, H., Stettler, S., Fantes, A., P., and Okayama, H.: "Stress signal, mediated by a Hog1-like MAP kinase, controls sexual development in fission yeast." FEBS Let.378. 207-212 (1996)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Yoshida, S., Manabe, S., Tanishita, O., Kaji, C., Gomi, Y., Mori, C., Takamizawa, A., and Okayama, H.: "Assembly of Hepatitis C Virus Antigens Expressed from a Recombinant Vaccinia Virus." Proc. Japan Acad.72. 73-78 (1996)
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[Publications] Masuda, A., Takenaga, K., Kondoh, K., Fukami, H., Utsumi, K., and Okayama, H.: "Role of a signal transduction pathway which controls disassembly of microfilament bundles and suppression of highmolecular weight tropomyosin expression in oncogenic transformation of NRK cells." Oncogene. 12. 2081-2088 (1996)
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