1996 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
German modality expressions and its typology
| Project/Area Number |
06451085
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
独語・独文学
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
YOSHIJIMA Shigeru The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (50011309)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SAKANASHI Ryuzo The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (10011313)
YAMANAKA Keiichi The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (20056055)
KODA Kaoru The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (30126776)
SHIGETO Minoru The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Associate Profess, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 助教授 (80126078)
NITTA Haruo The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (00012443)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1994 – 1996
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| Keywords | modality / modes of verbs / modal particles / modal auxiliaries / particles of 'Abtonung' / typology / contrastive linguistics |
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| Research Abstract |
Language utterances consist of propositions, which are usually objective descriptions of the things, and the modality, which is an expression of the speakers attitudes to the things described. The research project "German modality expressions and its typology" tries to describe the German modality expressions in contrast to those of Japanese and English. The summaries of our reserch results are :
1)Japanese expresses the modality in terms of sentence patterns, auxiliaries, adverbs and various adverbs. German expresses the modality in terms of modes of verbs, modal adverbs, various particles, parenthetic sentences, sentence patterns and the intonation.
2)We can classify the so-called epistemic modality into two kinds of modalities, one being the expression of speakers undecided attitudes and the other being the expression of the degree of possibilities of the inference.
3)Japanese compound verbs express various grammatical categories. <te+iru/iku> and <te+yaru/morau/kureru> for example express the subjective judgment which is closely related to the location of the 'empathy' of the speaker. These expressions are something which must be located between the proposition and the modality.
4)We observe the phenomenon of the continuous transition from the proposition expression to the modality expression.
5)The transition from the deontic modality to the epistemic modality in German is also continuous.
6)Japanese 'delivery' -verbs express the location of the 'empathy' of the speaker. German on the other hand expresses the subjective judgments by means of various datives.
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