Chronological Research for the Development of an Effective Exercise Program to Prevent Osteoporosis

1995 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

• Project/Area Number: 06558009
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: 体育学
• Research Institution: Kyoto College of Art
• Principal Investigator: HIRONAKA Kazushi Kyoto College of Art, Department of Art, Professor, 造形技術学科, 教授 (70259422)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): NAKAGAWA Miyoko Nishi Kyoto Hospital, Department of Nursing, 看護部, 部長 ; OTANI Masamitsu Nishi Kyoto Hospital, Department of Radiology, 画像診断部, 部長 ; YAMAMOTO Itsuo Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Radiology, Associate Professo, 放射線科, 助教授 (60115962)
• Project Period (FY): 1994 – 1995
• Keywords: peak bone mass / lifetime bone density curve / exercise for vertical weight force

Research Abstract

In 1996, basically, we continued the osteoporosis prevention research carried out in 1995 and added some experiments in order to expand the research. This year, students at Kouka Junior High School between the ages 12 and 14 years old were recruited as the younger subjects for the osteoporosis prevention research. Subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire about nutrition for this study. As a prerequisite, all subjects were required to jump rope and to do other light exercises to warm-up, before the start of the gymnastic class. The bone mineral density (STIFFNESS) of each subject was measured by using the ultrasound method. Studies were conducted at Kyoto College of Art, Kyoto University of Art and Design, Kokugakuin University Professional School for Preschool Education, Yahata City nursery and various other places. Since the ages of the subjects varied, the bone density measurements were examined on an age by age basis. In 1996, we also compared the effects of the exercise mode on the bone mineral density. Five exercise programs which included jumping, jumping rope, walking, aerobic dance and, step exercises were selected for this study. Thirteen students in Osaka's Resort and Sports Gakuin 19 to 22 years old were recruited as subjects and were categorized in three groups : Group A=control group ; Group B=aerobics dance once a week ; Group C=aerobics dance once a week, half-squat 30 times, jump 50 times, and step exercise for 20 minutes every day. This program was conducted for 100 days. The bone mineral density of each subject was measured by ultrasound and dual-energy x-lay absorptiometry scanning (DEXA : Hologic QDR=1000). To examine the degree of stress to bone per se, vertical weighed force and muscle activity measured by electromyogram were evduated for each subject on the force platform. Results of this study showed that the bone mineral density measured by DEXA,tended to increase in Group C (0.0017g/m). Whereas, there was no significant change in bone mineral density in Groups A and B.In order to develop an effective exercise program for the prevention of osteoporosis. We calculated that, the age for reaching Peak Bone Mass was between 25 to 29 years old and, the value of the DEXA scanning should be between 1300g/m-l350g/m. As a guideline we recommend that the younger population (<25yrs) do some jumping and jumping rope for at least 10 minutes or more a day to increase the degree of stress to vertical weight force. In order to assist other age groups 29-40 year olds and 40-55 year olds. "The Restrictive Bone Density Exercise Program" was created. In the future, we will conduct some experiments for the younger population (<18yrs) to identity Peak Bone Mass in a lifetime bone density curve. Based on these results, we strongly feel that the guidelines established for exercising should be followed for the prevention of osteoporosis.