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1995 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Improvements of Traffic Flow Simulation Models Using Some Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Research Project

Project/Area Number 06650579
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 交通工学・国土計画
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

NAKATSUJI Takashi  Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (60123949)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) FUJIWARA Takashi  Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Research Assistant, 工学部, 助手 (50109493)
HAGIWARA Toru  Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (60172839)
Project Period (FY) 1994 – 1995
KeywordsTraffic Flow Simulation / Macroscopic Model / Hybrid Model / Kalman Filter / Neural Network Model / Artificial Intelligence
Research Abstract

This project aims to improve traffic flow simulation models for freeways and arterials with the aid of someartificial intelligent techniques. Itis diviede into three parts :
1)Description of Macroscopic Relationships Among Traffic Flow Variables Using Neural Network Model.
The relationships among traffic flow variables play important roles in traffic flow simulation models. A procedure was presented to describe the macroscopic relationships between traffic flow variables using some neuralnetwork models. First, a Kohonen Feature Map model was introduced to convert original observed data points into fewer, more uniformly distributed ones. This conversion improved regression precision and computational efficiency . Next, a multilayr neural network model was introduced to describe the two-andthree-dimensional relationships. The model was effective in describing the non-linear and discontinuous characteristics between traffic flow variables.
2)A Neural-Kalman Filtering Method for Estimating Tr … More affic States
By integrating multilayr neural network models into a Kalman filtering technique, a procedure for estimating traffic ststes was proposed . That is, The Cremer model, which is a macroscopic traffic flow model combined with a Kalman filter, is revised using a neural network model. The observation equations that relate the state variables, such as density and space mean speed, to the observation variables, such as flow rate and time mean speed, were described accurately using a neural network model. The derivatives of both state and observation equations were easily obtained, too. This neural-kalman method was applied to a road section on the Metropolitan Expressway in Tokyo and it was examined how precisely the method could work as compared with the original Cremer model.
3)Artificial Intelligence Approach for Optimizing Traffic Signal Timing on Urban Road Network
Using artificial intelligence techniques, a stepwise method was developed to optimize signal timing parameters, such as splits and offsets, on an urban street. The method is separated into two processes, a training process and an optimization process. In the training process, we used two neural network models, a multilayr model and Kohonen Feature Map model. The former modelbuilds an input-output relationship between the signal timing parameters and the objective variable. The latter model improves the computational efficiency and the estimation precision. In the optimization process, to avoid the entrapment into a local minimum, two artificial intelligence methods were used ; the Cauchy machine and a genetic algorithm . The timing parameters were adjusted so as to minimize the total weighted sum of delay time and stop frequencies . The solutions by both artificialintelligence methods were compared with those by a conventional method and confirmed that they were useful for establishing advanced traffic control systems in the future . Less

  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All Other

All Publications (16 results)

  • [Publications] 中辻隆: "人工知能モデルを応用した街路交通の制御手法に関する研究" システム制御情報学会論文誌. 7-11. 470-478 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] T. NAKATSUJI: "Description of Macroscopic Relationships Among Traffic vavisbles Using Neural Network Models" Transportation Research Record. 1510. 11-18 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] T. NAKATSUJI: "Neural Network Models Applied to Traffic Flow Problems" Neural Network Applications in Transport. 2. (印刷中) (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 渋谷秀悦: "ハイブリッド型交通流シミュレーションのパラメータ最適化" 土木計画学研究・講演集. 18-2. 189-192 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] N. POURMOALLEM: "A Multiple Section Method for Estimatry Real-Time Traffic States on Freeways" 土木計画学研究・講演集. 18-2. 377-380 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] N. POURMOALLEM: "A neural-Kalman Filtering Method for Estimating Traffic States on Freeways" 土木学会北海道支部論文報告集. 52-B. 490-495 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Nakatsuji and T.Kaku: "Improvement of Traffic Flow Simulation Precision by Direct Usage of Traffic Detector Data" Proc.Infrastructure Planning. Vol.16. 115-120 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Nakatsuji, S.Seki S.Shibuya, and T.Kaku: "Artificial Intelligence Approach for Optimizing Traffic Signal Timing on Urban Road Network" Trans.Institute System, Control and Information Engineers. Vol.7, No.11. 470-478 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] S.Shibuya, T.Nakatsuji and T.Kaku: "Development of a Hybrid Traffic Flow Simulation Model" Proc.Infrastructure Planning. Vol.17. 181-184 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Nakatsuji, S.Seki and T.Kaku: "Artificial Intelligence Approach for Optimizing Traffic Signal Timing on Urban Network." Proc.4th Intern.Confer.Vehicle Navigation & Information Systems. 199-202 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Nakatsuji, M.Tanaka, Pourmoallem Nasser and T.Hagiwara: "Description of macroscopic Relationships Between Traffic Flow Variables Using Neural Network Models" Transportation research Record. 1510. 11-18 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] S.Shibuya and T.Nakatsuji: "Optimization of Model Parameters of a Hybrid Traffic Flow Simulation Model" Proc.15-th Conf.Traffic Engineering. Vol.15. 9-12 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Pourmoallem N.and T.Nakatsuji: "A Multiple Section Method for Estimating Real-time Traffic States on Freeway" Proc.15-th Conf.Traffic Engineering. Vol.15. 13-16 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] S.Shibuya, T.Nakatsuji: "Optimization of Model Parameters of a Hybrid Traffic Flow Simulation Model" Proc.Infrastructure Planning. Vol.18(2). 189-192 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Pourmoallem N.and T.Nakatsuji: "A Multiple Section Method for Estimating Real-time Traffic States on Freeway" Proc.Infrastructrue Planning. Vol.18(2). 377-380 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] T.Nakatsuji and S.Shibuya: "Neural Network Models Applied to Traffic Flow Problems" Neural Network Applications in Transport. Vol.2(in Press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1997-03-04  

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