1995 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Functioal analysis of polysialogangliosides expressed in the CNS
| Project/Area Number |
06672223
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Biological pharmacy
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| Research Institution | The Institute of Physical & Chemical Research |
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Principal Investigator |
HIRABAYASHI Yoshio The Institute of Physical & Chemical Research, Them leader, 国際フロンティア, 研究員 (90106435)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1994 – 1995
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| Keywords | ganglioside / sialic acid / new / sphingolipid / sialic acid / acetyl-CoA |
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| Research Abstract |
Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids present in highest concentrations in the CNS.More than 100 species of gangliosides including extremely minor components exist in the CNS tissues.We found that the minor species including cholinergic neuron specific gangliosides and polysialogangliosides with O-acetylated sialic acid are expressed as neuron type-specific manner. For example, GD1alpha is specifically expressed in the Purkinje neuron in cerebellum.Also, O-acetylgangliosides are present on the molecular layr of cerebellar neurons.Cell biological studies using monoclonal antibodies and metabolic inhibitors have revealed that these unique lipids play roles in variety of cellular processes of neurons including dendritic development and calcium homeostasis.
To understand the biological meaning of O-acetylgangliosides at the molecular-genetical level, we tried to clone a cDNA encoding a factor involved in the formation of O-acetylated gangliosides using expression cloning technology.We have successfully cloned a cDNA coding for one of factors.The isolated clone proved that the protein is totally novel.
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[Publications] Furuya, S., Hashikawa, T., Irie, F., Hasegawa, A., Nakao.T., and Hirabayashi, Y.: "Neural expression of a minor ganglioside GM1b in rat brain : immunochemical characterization using a specific monoclonal antibody." Neurosci.Res.22. 411-421 (1995)
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[Publications] Irie, F., Murakoshi, H., Suzuki, Y., Kon, K., Ando, S., Yoshida, K., and Hirabayashi, Y.: "Characterization of four monosialo and a novel disialo amino acid N-glycosides from the urine of patient with aspartylglycosaminuria." Glycoconjugates J.12. 290-297 (1995)
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[Publications] Hara-Yokoyama, M., Hirabayashi, Y., Irie, F., Syuto, B., Moriishi, K., Sugiya, H., and Furuyama, S.: "Identification of ganglioside as inhibitors of ADP-ribosyltransferases of Pertussis toxin and ectoenzyme C3 from Clostrudium botulinum." J.Biol.Chem.270. 8115-8121 (1995)
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[Publications] Nomura, K., Nakajo, N., Hidari, K., Nomura, H., Murata, M., Suzuki, M., Yamana, K., and Hirabayashi, Y.: "Occurrence of a novel fucose-containing pentaglycosylceramide with blood group B active determinant in Xenopus blastula cells-its possible involvement in cell-cell adhesion." Biochem.J.306. 821-827 (1995)
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[Publications] Furuya, S., irie, F., Hashikawa, T., Nakazawa, K., Kozakai, A., Hasegawa, A., Sudo.K., and Hirabayashi, Y.: "Ganglioside GD1alpha in cerebellar Purkinje cells : Its specific absence in mouse mutants with Purkinje cell abnormality and altered immnunoreactivity in response to conjunctive stimuli causing long-term desensitization." J.Biol.Chem.269. 32418-32425 (1994)
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[Publications] Irie, F., Hidari, K., Tai, T., Li, Y.T., Seyama, Y., and Hirabayashi, Y.: "Biosynthetic pathway for a new series gangliosides, GT1aalpha and GQ1balpha" FEBS Letter. 351. 291-294 (1994)
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[Publications] Mizoguchi, K., Hase, A., Obi, T., Matsuoka, H., Takatsu, M., Nishimura, Y., Irie, F., Seyama, Y., Hirabayashi, Y.: "Two species of antiganglioside antibodies in a patient with a pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome." J.Neurology Neurosurgery Psychiary. 57. 1121-1123 (1994)
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