1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

複雑液体の物理A02揺らぎと緩和過程

Research Project

Project/Area Number	07236103
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	梶慶輔京都大学, 化学研究所, 教授 (00026072)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	新井正敏高エネルギー物理学研究所大学共同利用機関等, 教授 (30175955) 武田隆義広島大学, 総合科学部, 助教授 (70034593) 橋本竹治京都大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (20026230) 岡田勲東京工業大学大学院, 総合理工学研究科, 教授 (60011582) 八尾誠京都大学, 理学研究科, 助教授 (70182293)
Keywords	複雑液体 / 揺らぎと緩和 / 超臨界流体 / ガラス転移 / 低エネルギー励起(ボソンピーク) / スローダイナミクス / 中性子散乱 / 混合陽イオン効果
Research Abstract	これまで、複雑液体の示す種々の特性を「揺らぎと緩和過程」の立場から研究し多くの発見をしてきたが、本年度は最終年度であるため、これらの研究を発展させるとともに複雑液体の本質に関する議論をも行った。本年度の研究実績は、複雑液体の集団運動(運動の協力現象)と階層構造に関するもので下記のように要約される。 1.液相-気相転移の超臨界現象:(1)液体水銀(八尾)…臨界点近傍における流体水銀のサファイア界面における前駆濡れ転移現象が1次転移であることを確認。偏光解析測定法により光学定数や濡れ層の厚さを正確決定。(2)カルコゲン(遠藤、八尾)…液体テルルの金属(融体)-半導体(ガラス)転移が長結合(2電子結合)と短結合(3電子結合)の混合状態から短結合のみの鎖構造への転移によることを解明。 2.アモルファス中の集団運動:(1)ガラス転移(α緩和過程)(梶)…α緩和を特徴付けるフラジリティ指数(粘弾性測定から決定)と系の不均一性を表すノンガウシアン・パラメーター(非弾性中性子散乱から決定)の関係から強いガラスほど不均一であることを発見した。(2)低エネルギー励起(ボソンピーク)の起源…同一高分子の異なるガラス状態を研究し、この励起が試料の熱処理条件や分子の配向に強く依存することから上述の系の不均一性と密接に関係していると結論(梶)。石英ガラスを永久圧縮し高密度化するとボソンピークの強度が減少することから、ガラス中の運動空間構造に関係すると結論(新井)。(3)イオン性液体(溶融塩)の混合陽イオン効果(岡田)…(K^+,Tl^+)混合系ではTl^+の濃度増加により両イオンの移動度が増大(扇動効果)するが、(Na^+,Ag^+)混合系ではAg^+の濃度増加により両イオンの移動度が減少(鎮静効果)する。これらの相反する効果は、イオンの解離性に関係すると説明。 3.構成要素が複雑な系のスローダイナミクス:(1)ブロック共重合体の相分離(橋本)…ジプロック共重合体の無秩序相中に生成する秩序相の形は、内部構造(ラメラ積層構造か、シリンダー充填構造か)によって決まることを発見。(2)両親媒子系(武田)…非イオン性ミクロエマルションおよびイオン性二重膜のスローダイナミクスを調べ(中性子スピンエコー法)、界面の曲げ弾性率や構造相転移を解明。さらに、過去3年間の研究結果を基に複雑液体の本質について議論し、種々の考えが出されたが、共通のキーワードは「協力運動」と「時空の階層性」であった。

Research Products

(50 results)

All Other

All Publications (50 results)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Ordering Process in the Induction Period of Polymer Crystallization" Kotaibutsuri. 32. 449-458 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "Dynamics in the Induction Period of Polymer Crystallization" Kobunshi. 46. 765-771 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "From the Micell Model to the Fringed-Micell Model," Sen'i gakkaishi. 53. 129-131 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "From the Fringed-Micell Microfibrll Model to the Shish-Kebeb Model" Sen'i gakkaishi. 53. 132-136 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "Inelastic neutron scattering study of low-energy excitations in vapor-deposited glassy propylene" J.Chem.Phys.105. 2997-3002 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "Onset of the Fast Process in Amorphous Polypropylene as Detected by Quasielastic Neutron-Scattering and Electron Spin Resonance Techniques" Macromolecules. 30. 1101-1104 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "Non-Gaussian Parameter and Heterogeneity of Amorphous Polymers" Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.126. 133-140 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "Low Energy Excitations in Simple Molecular Glasses" Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.126. 93-96 (1997)
[Publications] Kaji K: "Electrostatic Persistence Length of NaPSS Polyelectrolytes Determined by a Zero Average Contrast SANS Technique" POLYMER. 38. 6083-6085 (1997)
[Publications] K.Kaji: "Microscopic dynamic aspects of the free radical decay acceleration in sub-Tg region in atactic poly (propylene)" Polymer. 39. 1107-1112 (1998)
[Publications] 新井正敏: "パルス中性子散乱による物質の研究-現状と将来-" Isotope News. 2-7 (1997)
[Publications] Masatoshi ARAI: "Dynamic structure factor of non-crystalline systems as reveald by MARI,a neutron chopper instrument" Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 71-72. 209-232 (1997)
[Publications] 梶慶輔: "高分子のガラス転移" 日本ゴム協会誌. 71.3. 125-128 (1998)
[Publications] I.Okada: "Anomalous Behavior of Ag (I) and Tl (I) lons in lnternal mobilites in molten nitrates" J.Electrochem.Soon. 144. 1332-1339 (1997)
[Publications] I.Okada: "Fracton Excitation and Levy Flight Dynamics in Alkali Silicate glasses" Pliys Reu.55B. 6309-6315 (1997)
[Publications] I.Okada: "Internal Cation mobilities in molten Systems (Tl,K) NO_3 and (tl,c) NO_3" Z.Naturforsch.52a. 441-446 (1997)
[Publications] I.Okada: "Mixed Alkali Effect in Alkali metasilicate glasses" Prog.Theor.Plays.Suppl.126. 399-402 (1997)
[Publications] I.Okada: "A Dnamic Dissociation model for Internal mobilites in molten Allaline Earth nitrate mixtules" J.Mol.Liguids. 73.74. 195-208 (1997)
[Publications] I.Okada: "Relaxation Processes and the mixed alkali Effect in alkali metasilicate glasses" Mat.Res,Soc.Symp.Proc.455. 91-102 (1997)
[Publications] K.Kaji: "Role of vibrational softening in fast dynamics of an amorphous polyimide far below Tg" J.Chem.Phys.108. in-press (1998)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "Transport phenomena of aligned YBCO polycrystals near Vortex-glass transition temperature in weak magnetic field." Phase Transitions Sec.A. 60. 195-209 (1997)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "Pressure-induced phase transition from disordered microemulsion to lamellar structure in a water/AOT/n-decane system" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 86-90 (1997)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "Self-organizatin,phase transition and dynamics in amphiphilic systems" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 1-5 (1997)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "Structure functions and interfacial mean curvature in a ternary amphiphile system C12E5/water/n octane" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 98-103 (1997)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "Structural changes and interaction parameters in amphiphilic system C12E5/water/n-octane" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 91-97 (1997)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "Phase Transition between Microemulsion and Lamellar Phases in a C12E5/Water/n-octane Amphiphilic System" Jpn.J.App.Phys.37. 712-717 (1998)
[Publications] T.Takeda: "A small angle neutron scattering study of a pressure effect on structures in a temary microemulsion system" Physica B-Condensed Matter.
[Publications] K.Suzuki: "Isothermal Evolution of Long Range Order in Bulk Metallic Glass Ni15Pt60P25 near Glass Transition : In-Situ SANS Measurement" Progress of Theoritical Physics Supplement. 126. 75-78 (1997)
[Publications] K.Suzuki: "Ion dynamics of Glass-Forming Nitrate Melts" Progress of Theoritical Physics Supplement. 126. 415-418 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Time Evolution of Shear-Induced Structures in Semidilute Polystyrene Solutions" Macromolecules. 30. 427-434 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Order-Order and Order-Disorder Transitions in a Polystyrene-block-Polyisoprene-block-Polystyrene Copolymer" Macromolecules. 30. 1621-1632 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Effect of Addition of a Neutral Solvent on the Order-Order and Order-Disorder Transitions in a Polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene Copolymer" Macromolecules. 30. 5321-5330 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Order-Disorder Transition,Microdomain Structure,and Phase Behavior in Binary Mixtures of Molecular Weight Polystyrene-block-polyisoprene Copolymers" Macromolecules. 30. 5832-5842 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Morphology of model three-component three-arm star-shaped copolymers" Polymer. 38. 5275-5281 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "High Pressure Cell for Small-Angle Neutron and Light Scattering Studies of Phase Transtitions in Complex Liquids" Polymer Journal. 29. 931-939 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Rheo-Optical Studies of Shear-Induced Structures in Semidilute Polystyrene Solutions" Macromolecules. 30. 7232-7236 (1997)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Small-angle-X-ray scattering and rheological studies on the ordering process of cylindrical microdomains in a polystyrene-block-polyisoprene copolymer" Polymer. 39. 1573-1581 (1998)
[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Thermal-Niose-Induced First-Order Phase Transition in Symmetric Block Copolymers : Behavior of Block Copolymers as a Complex Liquid" World Sci.Pub.(in press).
[Publications] M.Yao: "IAX-Iby Compounds" Landolt-Boernstein,New Series III/41 Springer Veriag. Chap.9.1 (in press).
[Publications] M.Yao: "Prewetting Phase Diagram of Mercury on Sapphire" Europ.J.Solld Stare Inorg.Chem.34. 861-870 (1997)
[Publications] M.Yao: "Microwave Spectroscopy of Supercritical Water" J.Chem.Phys.107. 9302-9311 (1997)
[Publications] 八尾誠: "超臨界水の誘電緩和測定" 高圧力の科学と技術. 6. 209-215 (1997)
[Publications] M.Yao: "Dielectric Relaxation in Supercritical Water" The Review of High Pressure and Science and Technology. 7 (in press).
[Publications] M.Yao: "Sound Velocity and Attenuation of Supercritical Mercury" The Review of High Pressure and Sclence and Technology. 7. in-press
[Publications] H.Endo: "EXAFS of Liquid As-Te mixtures" J.Phys.IV France 7. Colloque C2. 1001-1002
[Publications] H.Endo: "Electronic and Atomic Structure of Liquid Tellurium Containing Alkali Elements" J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.66. 1339-1350 (1997)
[Publications] H.Endo: "ESR Study of Pressure-quenched Monoclinic Te_<0.4>Se_<0.6>" J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.66. 684-689 (1997)
[Publications] H.Endo: "Quasielastic Neutron Scattering of Liquid A_2X_2 (A : chalcogen,X : Halogen)" J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.66. 3115-3119 (1997)
[Publications] H.Endo: "Pressure-Induced Phase Transition in Te-Se System." The Review of High Pressure Science and Technology. (1997)
[Publications] 橋本竹治: "プラスチックスエージエンサイクロペディア進歩編'98" (1997)

1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

複雑液体の物理A02揺らぎと緩和過程

Principal Investigator

梶 慶輔 京都大学, 化学研究所, 教授 (00026072)

Research Products

[Publications] Kaji K: "Ordering Process in the Induction Period of Polymer Crystallization" Kotaibutsuri. 32. 449-458 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Dynamics in the Induction Period of Polymer Crystallization" Kobunshi. 46. 765-771 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "From the Micell Model to the Fringed-Micell Model," Sen'i gakkaishi. 53. 129-131 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "From the Fringed-Micell Microfibrll Model to the Shish-Kebeb Model" Sen'i gakkaishi. 53. 132-136 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Inelastic neutron scattering study of low-energy excitations in vapor-deposited glassy propylene" J.Chem.Phys.105. 2997-3002 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Onset of the Fast Process in Amorphous Polypropylene as Detected by Quasielastic Neutron-Scattering and Electron Spin Resonance Techniques" Macromolecules. 30. 1101-1104 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Non-Gaussian Parameter and Heterogeneity of Amorphous Polymers" Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.126. 133-140 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Low Energy Excitations in Simple Molecular Glasses" Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.126. 93-96 (1997)

[Publications] Kaji K: "Electrostatic Persistence Length of NaPSS Polyelectrolytes Determined by a Zero Average Contrast SANS Technique" POLYMER. 38. 6083-6085 (1997)

[Publications] K.Kaji: "Microscopic dynamic aspects of the free radical decay acceleration in sub-Tg region in atactic poly (propylene)" Polymer. 39. 1107-1112 (1998)

[Publications] 新井正敏: "パルス中性子散乱による物質の研究-現状と将来-" Isotope News. 2-7 (1997)

[Publications] Masatoshi ARAI: "Dynamic structure factor of non-crystalline systems as reveald by MARI,a neutron chopper instrument" Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 71-72. 209-232 (1997)

[Publications] 梶 慶輔: "高分子のガラス転移" 日本ゴム協会誌. 71.3. 125-128 (1998)

[Publications] I.Okada: "Anomalous Behavior of Ag (I) and Tl (I) lons in lnternal mobilites in molten nitrates" J.Electrochem.Soon. 144. 1332-1339 (1997)

[Publications] I.Okada: "Fracton Excitation and Levy Flight Dynamics in Alkali Silicate glasses" Pliys Reu.55B. 6309-6315 (1997)

[Publications] I.Okada: "Internal Cation mobilities in molten Systems (Tl,K) NO_3 and (tl,c) NO_3" Z.Naturforsch.52a. 441-446 (1997)

[Publications] I.Okada: "Mixed Alkali Effect in Alkali metasilicate glasses" Prog.Theor.Plays.Suppl.126. 399-402 (1997)

[Publications] I.Okada: "A Dnamic Dissociation model for Internal mobilites in molten Allaline Earth nitrate mixtules" J.Mol.Liguids. 73.74. 195-208 (1997)

[Publications] I.Okada: "Relaxation Processes and the mixed alkali Effect in alkali metasilicate glasses" Mat.Res,Soc.Symp.Proc.455. 91-102 (1997)

[Publications] K.Kaji: "Role of vibrational softening in fast dynamics of an amorphous polyimide far below Tg" J.Chem.Phys.108. in-press (1998)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "Transport phenomena of aligned YBCO polycrystals near Vortex-glass transition temperature in weak magnetic field." Phase Transitions Sec.A. 60. 195-209 (1997)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "Pressure-induced phase transition from disordered microemulsion to lamellar structure in a water/AOT/n-decane system" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 86-90 (1997)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "Self-organizatin,phase transition and dynamics in amphiphilic systems" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 1-5 (1997)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "Structure functions and interfacial mean curvature in a ternary amphiphile system C12E5/water/n octane" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 98-103 (1997)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "Structural changes and interaction parameters in amphiphilic system C12E5/water/n-octane" Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. 106. 91-97 (1997)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "Phase Transition between Microemulsion and Lamellar Phases in a C12E5/Water/n-octane Amphiphilic System" Jpn.J.App.Phys.37. 712-717 (1998)

[Publications] T.Takeda: "A small angle neutron scattering study of a pressure effect on structures in a temary microemulsion system" Physica B-Condensed Matter.

[Publications] K.Suzuki: "Isothermal Evolution of Long Range Order in Bulk Metallic Glass Ni15Pt60P25 near Glass Transition : In-Situ SANS Measurement" Progress of Theoritical Physics Supplement. 126. 75-78 (1997)

[Publications] K.Suzuki: "Ion dynamics of Glass-Forming Nitrate Melts" Progress of Theoritical Physics Supplement. 126. 415-418 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Time Evolution of Shear-Induced Structures in Semidilute Polystyrene Solutions" Macromolecules. 30. 427-434 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Order-Order and Order-Disorder Transitions in a Polystyrene-block-Polyisoprene-block-Polystyrene Copolymer" Macromolecules. 30. 1621-1632 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Effect of Addition of a Neutral Solvent on the Order-Order and Order-Disorder Transitions in a Polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene Copolymer" Macromolecules. 30. 5321-5330 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Order-Disorder Transition,Microdomain Structure,and Phase Behavior in Binary Mixtures of Molecular Weight Polystyrene-block-polyisoprene Copolymers" Macromolecules. 30. 5832-5842 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Morphology of model three-component three-arm star-shaped copolymers" Polymer. 38. 5275-5281 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "High Pressure Cell for Small-Angle Neutron and Light Scattering Studies of Phase Transtitions in Complex Liquids" Polymer Journal. 29. 931-939 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Rheo-Optical Studies of Shear-Induced Structures in Semidilute Polystyrene Solutions" Macromolecules. 30. 7232-7236 (1997)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Small-angle-X-ray scattering and rheological studies on the ordering process of cylindrical microdomains in a polystyrene-block-polyisoprene copolymer" Polymer. 39. 1573-1581 (1998)

[Publications] Takeji Hashimoto: "Thermal-Niose-Induced First-Order Phase Transition in Symmetric Block Copolymers : Behavior of Block Copolymers as a Complex Liquid" World Sci.Pub.(in press).

[Publications] M.Yao: "IAX-Iby Compounds" Landolt-Boernstein,New Series III/41 Springer Veriag. Chap.9.1 (in press).

[Publications] M.Yao: "Prewetting Phase Diagram of Mercury on Sapphire" Europ.J.Solld Stare Inorg.Chem.34. 861-870 (1997)

[Publications] M.Yao: "Microwave Spectroscopy of Supercritical Water" J.Chem.Phys.107. 9302-9311 (1997)

[Publications] 八尾 誠: "超臨界水の誘電緩和測定" 高圧力の科学と技術. 6. 209-215 (1997)

[Publications] M.Yao: "Dielectric Relaxation in Supercritical Water" The Review of High Pressure and Science and Technology. 7 (in press).

[Publications] M.Yao: "Sound Velocity and Attenuation of Supercritical Mercury" The Review of High Pressure and Sclence and Technology. 7. in-press

[Publications] H.Endo: "EXAFS of Liquid As-Te mixtures" J.Phys.IV France 7. Colloque C2. 1001-1002

[Publications] H.Endo: "Electronic and Atomic Structure of Liquid Tellurium Containing Alkali Elements" J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.66. 1339-1350 (1997)

[Publications] H.Endo: "ESR Study of Pressure-quenched Monoclinic Te_<0.4>Se_<0.6>" J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.66. 684-689 (1997)

[Publications] H.Endo: "Quasielastic Neutron Scattering of Liquid A_2X_2 (A : chalcogen,X : Halogen)" J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.66. 3115-3119 (1997)

[Publications] H.Endo: "Pressure-Induced Phase Transition in Te-Se System." The Review of High Pressure Science and Technology. (1997)

[Publications] 橋本竹治: "プラスチックス エージ エンサイクロペディア進歩編'98" (1997)

梶慶輔京都大学, 化学研究所, 教授 (00026072)

[Publications] 梶慶輔: "高分子のガラス転移" 日本ゴム協会誌. 71.3. 125-128 (1998)

[Publications] 八尾誠: "超臨界水の誘電緩和測定" 高圧力の科学と技術. 6. 209-215 (1997)

[Publications] 橋本竹治: "プラスチックスエージエンサイクロペディア進歩編'98" (1997)