1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

中枢神経系のベーシック・デザインに関する比較研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number	07304056
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
Research Institution	Okayama University
Principal Investigator	山口恒夫岡山大学, 理学部, 教授 (60000816)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	小泉修福岡女子大, 人間環境学部, 教授 (50094777) 冨永佳也福岡大学, 理学部, 教授 (70078591) 宗岡洋二郎広島大学, 総合科学部, 教授 (40031330) 桑沢清明東京都立大学, 理学部, 教授 (10015589) 水波誠北海道大学, 電子科学研究所, 助教授 (30174030)
Keywords	中枢神経系 / 脳 / 基本設計 / 比較研究 / 動物の多様性
Research Abstract	得られた成果などを列挙すると、次のようになる。(1)腔腸動物(小泉):ヒドラの散在神経網で神経の集中化を示す神経環の構造と機能を調べ、これが原始中枢神経系である可能性を検討した。(2)軟体動物(桑沢):ウミフクロウの発生過程で、発生の初期過程で消滅するセロトニンニューロンを見いだした。(3)甲殻類(山口):ザリガニ脳内ノンスパイキングニューロンの異種感覚の情報処理と空間定位行動との関係を精査するとともに、オオグソクムシの個々の伸展受容器の機能を調べ、他の等脚類のそれらとの相違点から伸展受容器の分化を検討した。(4)昆虫(山口、水波、神崎、冨永、藤):ゴキブリでキノコ体の出力ニューロンを解析し、キノコ体が感覚情報の高次統合や運動の高次制御に関与することが示唆された。また、コオロギの脳や食道下神経節で多数の行動解発ニューロンを同定し、これらのニューロンが3種の運動パターン(歩行、飛翔及、遊泳)の発現や選択に重要であることを見いだした。また、ハンミョウの幼虫で、捕獲行動と逃避行動が運動物体のサイズと距離によって切り替わることを明らかにした。さらに、カイコガで、匂い定位行動発現に関与するフリップフロップ回路と、ゲンジボタルで、行動の発現と制御に関与する感覚受容器の同定と中枢投射明らかにした。(5)魚類(佐藤):コイ嗅球の僧帽細胞と顆粒細胞間のシナプスで長期増強を発見した。(6)両生類(松本):カエル網膜神経節細胞のON-OFF繊維が視蓋弟6層の細胞体近くに局在し、単シナプス性に結合していることを明らかにした。(7)鳥類(青木):ウズラの地鳴きの発声中枢は中脳内側部であることを、神経行動学的手法で明らかにした。(8)ペプチド(宗岡):ヒドラ、プラナリア、ハマグリ、ヨーロッパマイマイ、コオロギ、ミツバチ、ポリプテルス(古代型魚)、イモリ、ウズラの神経系から100種類以上の新型ペプチドを同定、合成し、それらの活性を調べた。(9)以上の結果に基づいて、班会議などで、中枢神経系の多様性と多様性のなかに存在する普遍性が検討された。

Research Products
(40 results)

All Other

All Publications (40 results)

[Publications] Y.Baba: "Differing afferent connections of spiking and nonspiking wind-sensitive local interneurons in the terminal abdominal ganglion of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus." J.Comp.Physiol.A. 176. 17-30 (1995)
[Publications] H.Ogawa: "Motor pattern of the stining response in the honey bee Apis mellifera." J.Exp.Biol.189. 39-47 (1995)
[Publications] K.Yasuyama: "Localization of RFamide-like immunoreactivity in the visceral organs and peripheral neurosecretory cells related to the terminal abdominal ganglion in the cricket,Gryllus bimaculatus." Zool.Sci.12. 713-724 (1995)
[Publications] A.Niida: "Morphology and physiology of the thoracic and abdominal stretch receptors of the isopod crustacean Ligia exotica." Biol.Bull.189. 148-158 (1995)
[Publications] N.Matsumoto: "Rise time and amplitude analysis of visually elcited EPSPs of tectal neurons of the frog." Forth IBRO World Congress of Neuroscience (Kyoto). 280 (1995)
[Publications] H.Nakagawa: "Synaptic connections between frog retianl ganglion cells and tectal neurons revealed by whole-cell recrording in vivo." Forth IBRO World Congress of Neuroscience (Kyoto). 160 (1995)
[Publications] H.Nakagawa: "Neuronal circuit of the frog optic tectum revealed by a current source density analysis." Zool.Sci.12suppl.122 (1995)
[Publications] S.Matsumura: "Both the heart and pericardium in the chiton Acanthopleura japonica receive dural innervation from the central nervous system." Zool.Sci.13(in press). (1996)
[Publications] H.Ai: "Neural pathways for cardiac reflexes triggered by external mechanical stimuli in larvae of Bombyx mori." J.Insect Physiol.42(in press). (1996)
[Publications] H.Ai: "A physiological saline for lepidopterous insects : effects of ionic composition on heart beat and neuromuscular transmission." J.Insect Physiol.41. 571-580 (1995)
[Publications] J.OKada: "Neural mechanisms govering distribution of cardiac output in an isopod crustacean,Bathynomus doederleini : reflexes controlling the cardioarterial valves." J.Comp.Physiol.A. 176. 479-489 (1995)
[Publications] M.Mizunami: "Neural organization of ocellar pathways in the cockroach brain." J.Comp.Neurol.352. 458-468 (1995)
[Publications] M.Mizunami: "Morphology of higher oceller neurons in the cockroach brain." J.Comp.Neurol.362. 293-304 (1995)
[Publications] M.Mizunami: "Gain control of synaptic transfer from second-to third-order neurons of cockroache ocelli." J.Gen.Physiol.(in press). (1996)
[Publications] M.Iwasaki: "Identification of antennal hygro-and thermoreceptive sensilla of the firefly,Luciola cruciata." Zool.Sci.12. 725-732 (1995)
[Publications] L.Hernadi: "Distribution of catch-relaxing peptide (CARP) -like immunoreactive neurons in the central nervous system of Helix pomatia." Cell Tissue Res.280. 335-348 (1995)
[Publications] T.Takahashi: "Isolation and charactermization of four novel peptides isolated from the polychaete annelid,Perinereis vancaurica." Comp.Biochem.Physiol.110C. 297-304 (1995)
[Publications] 小泉修: "原始的な神経系本来の姿をとどめる腸の神経系-ヒドラの散在神経系より考える" Medical World(大日本製薬). 10. 1-5 (1995)
[Publications] S.Minobe: "Nerve cell differentiation in nerve-free tissue of epithelial hydra from precursor cells introduced by grafting. I.Tentacles and hypostome" Devel.Biol.172. 170-181 (1995)
[Publications] M.Murate: "Scanning electron microscopy of endodermal sensory cells of Hydra matgnip apillata" Cell Tissue Res.(in press). (1996)
[Publications] 小泉修: "ヒドラの再生-生物教材として" 遺伝(裳華房). 50(印刷中). (1996)
[Publications] T.Mastushima: "Potentiation and depotentiation of DNQX-sensitive fast excitaroty synaptic transmission in telencephalone of the quail chick" Neurosci.Lett.185. 179-182 (1995)
[Publications] R.Kanzaki: "Pheromone-triggered flipflopping neural siganls correlated with activities of neck motor neurons of a male moth,Bombyx mori." Zool.Sci.13. 79-87 (1996)
[Publications] T.Ariyosi: "Pheromone-triggered electromyograms of flight muscles in a male silkworm moth,Bombyx mori." Int.J.Wilmoth & Silk. (in press). (1996)
[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫のにおい源探索行動のしくみ-脳における匂いの情報処理と行動発現" 生物物理. 35. 7-12 (1995)
[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫の匂い源探索行動" 遺伝. 49. 62-67 (1995)
[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫の匂い源探索の戦略" 日本味と匂学会誌. 2. 3-4 (1995)
[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫の神経機能と工学的利用" 植物防疫. 49. 476-480 (1995)
[Publications] A.Mizutani: "Optical and physiological properties of the larval visual system of the tiger beetle,Cicindela chinensis." J.Comp.Physiol.A. 177. 591-599 (1995)
[Publications] 冨永佳也: "昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 280 (1995)
[Publications] 水波誠: "キノコ体は記憶の座である(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 16 (1995)
[Publications] P.Kanzaki: "Robotics and Autonomus Systems" Behavioral and neural basis of instincitive behavior in insects : Odor-source searching strategies without memory and learning. (in press), (1996)
[Publications] 水波誠: "昆虫の単眼系の働きと進化(分担執筆):宮下保司・下條信輔編-脳から心へ-高次機能の解明に挑む" 岩波書店, 8 (1995)
[Publications] 水波誠: "昆虫の記憶と学習(分担執筆):青木清編-行動生物学" 朝倉書店(印刷中), 2
[Publications] 宗岡洋次郎: "脳ではたらく神経伝達物質(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 24 (1995)
[Publications] 山口恒夫: "いろいろな感覚情報の相互作用と行動(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 20 (1995)
[Publications] R.Kanzaki: "Pheromone processing in the lateral accessory lobes of the moth brain : flipflopping signals related to zigzagging upwind walking. In Pheromone research : new directions (Eds R.T.Carde & A.K.Minks)" Chapman and Hall,New York (in press), (1996)
[Publications] T.Takahashi: "Myotropic actions of apisin,a novel bioactive peptide isolated from the honey bee Apis mellifera.In Peptide Chemistry 1994 (Edited by M.Ohno)" Peptide Research Foundation,Osaka, 4 (1995)
[Publications] E.Iwakoshi: "Comparative aspects of structure and action of bioactive peptides isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. In Peptide Chemistry 1994 (Edited by M.Ohno)" Peptide Research Foundation,Osaka, 4 (1995)
[Publications] T.Takahashi: "Effects of myomodulin-CARP-family peptides and analogues on the anterior byssus retractor muscle of Mytillus edulis.In Peptide Chemistry 1994 (Edited by M.Ohno)" Peptide Research Foundation,Osaka, 4 (1995)

1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

中枢神経系のベーシック・デザインに関する比較研究

Principal Investigator

山口 恒夫 岡山大学, 理学部, 教授 (60000816)

Research Products

[Publications] Y.Baba: "Differing afferent connections of spiking and nonspiking wind-sensitive local interneurons in the terminal abdominal ganglion of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus." J.Comp.Physiol.A. 176. 17-30 (1995)

[Publications] H.Ogawa: "Motor pattern of the stining response in the honey bee Apis mellifera." J.Exp.Biol.189. 39-47 (1995)

[Publications] K.Yasuyama: "Localization of RFamide-like immunoreactivity in the visceral organs and peripheral neurosecretory cells related to the terminal abdominal ganglion in the cricket,Gryllus bimaculatus." Zool.Sci.12. 713-724 (1995)

[Publications] A.Niida: "Morphology and physiology of the thoracic and abdominal stretch receptors of the isopod crustacean Ligia exotica." Biol.Bull.189. 148-158 (1995)

[Publications] N.Matsumoto: "Rise time and amplitude analysis of visually elcited EPSPs of tectal neurons of the frog." Forth IBRO World Congress of Neuroscience (Kyoto). 280 (1995)

[Publications] H.Nakagawa: "Synaptic connections between frog retianl ganglion cells and tectal neurons revealed by whole-cell recrording in vivo." Forth IBRO World Congress of Neuroscience (Kyoto). 160 (1995)

[Publications] H.Nakagawa: "Neuronal circuit of the frog optic tectum revealed by a current source density analysis." Zool.Sci.12suppl.122 (1995)

[Publications] S.Matsumura: "Both the heart and pericardium in the chiton Acanthopleura japonica receive dural innervation from the central nervous system." Zool.Sci.13(in press). (1996)

[Publications] H.Ai: "Neural pathways for cardiac reflexes triggered by external mechanical stimuli in larvae of Bombyx mori." J.Insect Physiol.42(in press). (1996)

[Publications] H.Ai: "A physiological saline for lepidopterous insects : effects of ionic composition on heart beat and neuromuscular transmission." J.Insect Physiol.41. 571-580 (1995)

[Publications] J.OKada: "Neural mechanisms govering distribution of cardiac output in an isopod crustacean,Bathynomus doederleini : reflexes controlling the cardioarterial valves." J.Comp.Physiol.A. 176. 479-489 (1995)

[Publications] M.Mizunami: "Neural organization of ocellar pathways in the cockroach brain." J.Comp.Neurol.352. 458-468 (1995)

[Publications] M.Mizunami: "Morphology of higher oceller neurons in the cockroach brain." J.Comp.Neurol.362. 293-304 (1995)

[Publications] M.Mizunami: "Gain control of synaptic transfer from second-to third-order neurons of cockroache ocelli." J.Gen.Physiol.(in press). (1996)

[Publications] M.Iwasaki: "Identification of antennal hygro-and thermoreceptive sensilla of the firefly,Luciola cruciata." Zool.Sci.12. 725-732 (1995)

[Publications] L.Hernadi: "Distribution of catch-relaxing peptide (CARP) -like immunoreactive neurons in the central nervous system of Helix pomatia." Cell Tissue Res.280. 335-348 (1995)

[Publications] T.Takahashi: "Isolation and charactermization of four novel peptides isolated from the polychaete annelid,Perinereis vancaurica." Comp.Biochem.Physiol.110C. 297-304 (1995)

[Publications] 小泉 修: "原始的な神経系本来の姿をとどめる腸の神経系-ヒドラの散在神経系より考える" Medical World(大日本製薬). 10. 1-5 (1995)

[Publications] S.Minobe: "Nerve cell differentiation in nerve-free tissue of epithelial hydra from precursor cells introduced by grafting. I.Tentacles and hypostome" Devel.Biol.172. 170-181 (1995)

[Publications] M.Murate: "Scanning electron microscopy of endodermal sensory cells of Hydra matgnip apillata" Cell Tissue Res.(in press). (1996)

[Publications] 小泉 修: "ヒドラの再生-生物教材として" 遺伝(裳華房). 50(印刷中). (1996)

[Publications] T.Mastushima: "Potentiation and depotentiation of DNQX-sensitive fast excitaroty synaptic transmission in telencephalone of the quail chick" Neurosci.Lett.185. 179-182 (1995)

[Publications] R.Kanzaki: "Pheromone-triggered flipflopping neural siganls correlated with activities of neck motor neurons of a male moth,Bombyx mori." Zool.Sci.13. 79-87 (1996)

[Publications] T.Ariyosi: "Pheromone-triggered electromyograms of flight muscles in a male silkworm moth,Bombyx mori." Int.J.Wilmoth & Silk. (in press). (1996)

[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫のにおい源探索行動のしくみ-脳における匂いの情報処理と行動発現" 生物物理. 35. 7-12 (1995)

[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫の匂い源探索行動" 遺伝. 49. 62-67 (1995)

[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫の匂い源探索の戦略" 日本味と匂学会誌. 2. 3-4 (1995)

[Publications] 神崎亮平: "昆虫の神経機能と工学的利用" 植物防疫. 49. 476-480 (1995)

[Publications] A.Mizutani: "Optical and physiological properties of the larval visual system of the tiger beetle,Cicindela chinensis." J.Comp.Physiol.A. 177. 591-599 (1995)

[Publications] 冨永佳也: "昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 280 (1995)

[Publications] 水波 誠: "キノコ体は記憶の座である(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 16 (1995)

[Publications] P.Kanzaki: "Robotics and Autonomus Systems" Behavioral and neural basis of instincitive behavior in insects : Odor-source searching strategies without memory and learning. (in press), (1996)

[Publications] 水波 誠: "昆虫の単眼系の働きと進化(分担執筆):宮下保司・下條信輔編-脳から心へ-高次機能の解明に挑む" 岩波書店, 8 (1995)

[Publications] 水波 誠: "昆虫の記憶と学習(分担執筆):青木清編-行動生物学" 朝倉書店(印刷中), 2

[Publications] 宗岡洋次郎: "脳ではたらく神経伝達物質(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 24 (1995)

[Publications] 山口恒夫: "いろいろな感覚情報の相互作用と行動(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 20 (1995)

[Publications] R.Kanzaki: "Pheromone processing in the lateral accessory lobes of the moth brain : flipflopping signals related to zigzagging upwind walking. In Pheromone research : new directions (Eds R.T.Carde & A.K.Minks)" Chapman and Hall,New York (in press), (1996)

[Publications] T.Takahashi: "Myotropic actions of apisin,a novel bioactive peptide isolated from the honey bee Apis mellifera.In Peptide Chemistry 1994 (Edited by M.Ohno)" Peptide Research Foundation,Osaka, 4 (1995)

[Publications] E.Iwakoshi: "Comparative aspects of structure and action of bioactive peptides isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. In Peptide Chemistry 1994 (Edited by M.Ohno)" Peptide Research Foundation,Osaka, 4 (1995)

[Publications] T.Takahashi: "Effects of myomodulin-CARP-family peptides and analogues on the anterior byssus retractor muscle of Mytillus edulis.In Peptide Chemistry 1994 (Edited by M.Ohno)" Peptide Research Foundation,Osaka, 4 (1995)

山口恒夫岡山大学, 理学部, 教授 (60000816)

[Publications] 小泉修: "原始的な神経系本来の姿をとどめる腸の神経系-ヒドラの散在神経系より考える" Medical World(大日本製薬). 10. 1-5 (1995)

[Publications] 小泉修: "ヒドラの再生-生物教材として" 遺伝(裳華房). 50(印刷中). (1996)

[Publications] 水波誠: "キノコ体は記憶の座である(分担執筆):冨永佳也編-昆虫の脳を探る" 共立出版社, 16 (1995)

[Publications] 水波誠: "昆虫の単眼系の働きと進化(分担執筆):宮下保司・下條信輔編-脳から心へ-高次機能の解明に挑む" 岩波書店, 8 (1995)

[Publications] 水波誠: "昆虫の記憶と学習(分担執筆):青木清編-行動生物学" 朝倉書店(印刷中), 2