1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

赤道中層・超高層大気波動による全地球的大気圏変動の励振機構に関する研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number	07304070
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	深尾昌一郎京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	福西浩東北大学, 理学部, 教授 (90099937) 近藤豊名古屋大学, 太陽地球環境研究所, 教授 (20110752) 宮原三郎九州大学, 理学部, 教授 (70037282) 田中浩名古屋大学, 大気水圏科学研究所, 教授 (00115594) 廣田勇京都大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (70025485)
Keywords	赤道大気 / 大気上下結合 / 大気大循環 / 大気波動 / 化学力学結合 / 物質輸送 / 中性大気電離大気結合 / 地球環境変動
Research Abstract	本研究の目的は,赤道西太平洋域(南北には日本〜オーストラリアの間,東西にはインドシナ半島〜ハワイ諸島の間に位置する領域)において,ここ数年間に得られた最初の信頼できる観測結果を背景として,中層〜超高層大気における波動攪乱,ならびにこれが惹起する乱流や大循環の作用が,全地球的かつ全高度領域にわたる大気圏のエネルギー・運動量・組成に及ぼすと予想される様々な影響の素過程を,多角的なアプローチのもとに総合的に理解することである.この領域は,強い太陽放射を最大高率で大気運動エネルギーに変え,同時に大気中の水・オゾンなど重要な微量成分の最大の供給源となっている,言わば‘太陽系空間と地球を繋ぐ回廊'であると認識されてきている.しかしこのような描像を科学的説得力をもって語るためには,既存の観測・理論はまだ断片的あるいは個別的であって甚だ不十分である. 本年度は,既存の研究方法・成果の徹底的な見直し作業を行った.すなわち,既存の赤道域大気に関する各種の知識・研究手段・情報源を整理し,必要に応じてデータベース化を行ってより広範囲な利用を可能とするとともに,これらを利用した各種解析が可能なソフトウェア環境を構築する作業を開始した.具体的には,第一段階としての作業効率を考え,既存の分野(手法・領域)に立脚した (1)「大気波動のレーダー観測」:波動の輸送過程への貢献を定量化する. (2)「エアロゾル変動のライダー・気球観測」:不均質過程の寄与を定量化する. (3)「オゾン・微量気体の航空機・地上観測」:微量気体の消長・輸送を定量化する. (4)「熱圈・電離圏変動の衛星・地上観測」:下方からの波動伝播効果を定量化する. (5)「大気波動・大循環の衛星観測」:波動による物質輸送効果を定量化する. (6)「大気組成変動のモデリング・衛星観測」:素過程と広域変動との関係を精密化する. (7)「大気大循環・物質輸送のシミュレーション」:力学・科学結合過程を精密化する. 以下の7班を組織し,班内の各分担者間における研究連絡・打合せを緊密に行った.その上で1995年12月16日には京都大学超高層電波研究センター(RASC)において,分担者全員(代理出席を含む)による全体会議を行い,赤道域大気圏における分野横断的な視点を抽出・発掘し,複数の班による共同研究の方針を確率するとともに,既存知識・手段によるアプローチの限界をも明らかにした.さらに分担者間や内外の関連研究者との連結を密にすべく,RASC内のワークステーション上にオープンメイリングリスト“MARIA"(Middle Atmosphere Research Information and Announcement)を設け,全体会議直後から運用を開始した.MARIAには,本報告書執筆時点までの僅か2ヶ月余の間に約100本のメイルが投稿され,いながらにして全国規模の討議の場を提供している.

Research Products
(25 results)

All Other

All Publications (25 results)

[Publications] I. Hirota: "Medium-scale travelling waves over the North Atlantic." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 1175-1179 (1995)
[Publications] Y. Kondo: "Stratospheric ozone changes at 43°N and 36°N over Japan between 1991 and 1994." Geophys. Res. Lett.22. 3223-3226 (1995)
[Publications] H. Fujiwara: "Global variations of thermospheric winds and temperatures caused by substorm energy injection." J. Geophys. Res.101. 225-239 (1996)
[Publications] T. Nagatsuma: "Spatial relationship between field aligned currents and suprathermal electron beams observed at the poleward boundary of the nightside auroral oval." J. Geophys. Res.100. 1625-1637 (1995)
[Publications] Y. Iwasaka: "Pinatubo volcanic effect on stratospheric aerosol layer : Lidar measurements at Alaska, 1991-1994." Rev. Laser Eng.23. 160-170 (1995)
[Publications] W. L. Oliver: "Middle and upper atmosphere radar observations of the dispersion relation for ionospheric gravity waves." J. Geophys. Res.100. 23763-23768 (1995)
[Publications] T. Shimomai: "Application of wavelet analysis to wind disturbances observed with MST radar techniques." J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 638-696 (1996)
[Publications] M. D. Yamanaka: "Inertio-gravity-wave-like subtropical multiple tropopauses : Vertical wavenumber spectra of wind and temperature observed by the MU radar, radiosondes and operationa rawinsonde network" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 785-805 (1996)
[Publications] M. D. Yamanaka: "Homopause control by gravity wave breaking in the planetary atmospheres." Adv. Space Res.15(4). 47-50 (1995)
[Publications] S. Ogino: "Meridional variation of lower stratospheric gravity wave activity : A quick look at Hakuho-Maru J-COABE cruise rawinsonde data." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 407-413 (1995)
[Publications] H. Hashiguchi: "Boundary layer radar observations of the passage of the convection center over Serpong, Indonesia (6°S, 107°E) during the TOGA-COARE intensive observation period." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 535-548 (1995)
[Publications] H. Hashiguchi: "Observations of the planetary boundary layer over equatorial Indonesia with an L-band clear-air Doppler radar." Radio Sci.30. 1043-1054 (1995)
[Publications] S. Kurosaki: "Vertical eddy diffusivity in the middle atomosphere : A climatology based on the MU radar observations during 1986-1992." J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 727-734 (1996)
[Publications] Y. Shibagaki: "Hierarchical structures of medium-scale cyclones and cloud clusters near the Baiu front observed by MU and meteorological radars." J. Geomag. Geoelectr.48 (in press). (1996)
[Publications] A. Kohsiek: "Period of planetary waves in geomagnetic variations." Ann. Geophys.56. 168-176 (1995)
[Publications] R. Imasu: "Radiative effects and halocarbon global warming potentials of replacement compaunds for chlorofluorocarbons." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 1123-1136 (1995)
[Publications] S. Koga: "Simulations of seasonal variations of sulfur compounds in the remote marine atmosphere." J. Atmos. Chem.(in press). (1996)
[Publications] T. Yamanouchi: "Comparison of radiation budget at the TOA and surface in the Antarctic from ERBE and ground surface measurements." J. Climate. 8. 3109-3120 (1995)
[Publications] K. Kita: "Variability of oxygen atom concentration in the lower thermosphere observed by rocket experiments." Adv. Space Res.17(11). 85-88 (1996)
[Publications] T. Tsuda: "A preliminary report on observations of equatorial atomosphere dynamics in Indonesia with radars and radiosondes." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 393-406 (1995)
[Publications] T. Nakamura: "Mean winds at 60-90 km observed with the MU radar (35°N)" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 655-660 (1996)
[Publications] S. P. Namboothiri: "Simultaneous observations of mesospheric gravity waves with the MU radar and a sodium lidar." J. Geophys. Res.101. 4057-4063 (1996)
[Publications] H. Sasaki: "The performance of long-term integrations of a limited area model with the spectral boundary coupling method." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 161-181 (1995)
[Publications] M. Takahashi: "A note on a QBO-like oscillation in a 1/5 sector three-dimensional model derived from a GCM." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 131-137 (1995)
[Publications] K. Ishioka: "Non-linear aspects of a barotropically unstable polar vortex in a forced-dissipative system : Flow regimes and tracer transport." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 201-212 (1995)

1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

赤道中層・超高層大気波動による全地球的大気圏変動の励振機構に関する研究

Principal Investigator

深尾 昌一郎 京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)

Research Products

[Publications] I. Hirota: "Medium-scale travelling waves over the North Atlantic." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 1175-1179 (1995)

[Publications] Y. Kondo: "Stratospheric ozone changes at 43°N and 36°N over Japan between 1991 and 1994." Geophys. Res. Lett.22. 3223-3226 (1995)

[Publications] H. Fujiwara: "Global variations of thermospheric winds and temperatures caused by substorm energy injection." J. Geophys. Res.101. 225-239 (1996)

[Publications] T. Nagatsuma: "Spatial relationship between field aligned currents and suprathermal electron beams observed at the poleward boundary of the nightside auroral oval." J. Geophys. Res.100. 1625-1637 (1995)

[Publications] Y. Iwasaka: "Pinatubo volcanic effect on stratospheric aerosol layer : Lidar measurements at Alaska, 1991-1994." Rev. Laser Eng.23. 160-170 (1995)

[Publications] W. L. Oliver: "Middle and upper atmosphere radar observations of the dispersion relation for ionospheric gravity waves." J. Geophys. Res.100. 23763-23768 (1995)

[Publications] T. Shimomai: "Application of wavelet analysis to wind disturbances observed with MST radar techniques." J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 638-696 (1996)

[Publications] M. D. Yamanaka: "Inertio-gravity-wave-like subtropical multiple tropopauses : Vertical wavenumber spectra of wind and temperature observed by the MU radar, radiosondes and operationa rawinsonde network" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 785-805 (1996)

[Publications] M. D. Yamanaka: "Homopause control by gravity wave breaking in the planetary atmospheres." Adv. Space Res.15(4). 47-50 (1995)

[Publications] S. Ogino: "Meridional variation of lower stratospheric gravity wave activity : A quick look at Hakuho-Maru J-COABE cruise rawinsonde data." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 407-413 (1995)

[Publications] H. Hashiguchi: "Boundary layer radar observations of the passage of the convection center over Serpong, Indonesia (6°S, 107°E) during the TOGA-COARE intensive observation period." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 535-548 (1995)

[Publications] H. Hashiguchi: "Observations of the planetary boundary layer over equatorial Indonesia with an L-band clear-air Doppler radar." Radio Sci.30. 1043-1054 (1995)

[Publications] S. Kurosaki: "Vertical eddy diffusivity in the middle atomosphere : A climatology based on the MU radar observations during 1986-1992." J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 727-734 (1996)

[Publications] Y. Shibagaki: "Hierarchical structures of medium-scale cyclones and cloud clusters near the Baiu front observed by MU and meteorological radars." J. Geomag. Geoelectr.48 (in press). (1996)

[Publications] A. Kohsiek: "Period of planetary waves in geomagnetic variations." Ann. Geophys.56. 168-176 (1995)

[Publications] R. Imasu: "Radiative effects and halocarbon global warming potentials of replacement compaunds for chlorofluorocarbons." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 1123-1136 (1995)

[Publications] S. Koga: "Simulations of seasonal variations of sulfur compounds in the remote marine atmosphere." J. Atmos. Chem.(in press). (1996)

[Publications] T. Yamanouchi: "Comparison of radiation budget at the TOA and surface in the Antarctic from ERBE and ground surface measurements." J. Climate. 8. 3109-3120 (1995)

[Publications] K. Kita: "Variability of oxygen atom concentration in the lower thermosphere observed by rocket experiments." Adv. Space Res.17(11). 85-88 (1996)

[Publications] T. Tsuda: "A preliminary report on observations of equatorial atomosphere dynamics in Indonesia with radars and radiosondes." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 393-406 (1995)

[Publications] T. Nakamura: "Mean winds at 60-90 km observed with the MU radar (35°N)" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.58. 655-660 (1996)

[Publications] S. P. Namboothiri: "Simultaneous observations of mesospheric gravity waves with the MU radar and a sodium lidar." J. Geophys. Res.101. 4057-4063 (1996)

[Publications] H. Sasaki: "The performance of long-term integrations of a limited area model with the spectral boundary coupling method." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 161-181 (1995)

[Publications] M. Takahashi: "A note on a QBO-like oscillation in a 1/5 sector three-dimensional model derived from a GCM." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 131-137 (1995)

[Publications] K. Ishioka: "Non-linear aspects of a barotropically unstable polar vortex in a forced-dissipative system : Flow regimes and tracer transport." J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 73. 201-212 (1995)

深尾昌一郎京都大学, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)