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1997 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

CONSTRUCTION OF A MICRO-MACRO THEORY OF TRUST

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07451026
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 教育・社会系心理学
Research InstitutionHOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

YAMAGISHI Toshio  Hokkaido Univ., Fac.of Letters, Prof., 文学部, 教授 (80158089)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) NAGATA Motohiko  Hokkaido University, Fac.of Let., Instructor, 文学部, 助手 (60271706)
YAMAGISHI Midori  Osaka Int'nat'I Univ, Dept.of Inf.Man., Prof., 経営情報学部, 教授 (20211625)
KAMEDA Tatsuya  Hokkaido University, Fac.of Let., Assoc.Prof., 文学部, 助教授 (20214554)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1997
Keywordstrust / commitment / social uncertainty / ingroup favoritism / opportunity cost / transaction cost / collectivism / social dilemma
Research Abstract

Several series of experiments and computer simulations were conduted as a means to provide empirical foundations for the micro-macro theory of trust. First, a series of experiments we conducted revealed a counter-intuitive relationship between generalized interpersonal trust and sensitivity to signals potentially revealing lack of trustworthiness in others. That is, high trusters as measured through a general trust scale were shown to be more sensitive than low trusters to information suggesting lack of trustworthiness of other people and, furthermore, were more accurate in predicting other people's behavior in a prisoner's dilemma game. Another series of experiments, including US-Japan, cross-societal experiments, revealed a tendency that people form stable commitment relations with a particular set of partners in social environments that impose a low level of opportunity costs for maintaining such commitment relations, implying the enhanced needs for detecting the nature of social re … More lationships and depressed needs for detecting character traits of others in such social environments compared to the environments that impose a higher level of opportunity costs for maintaining commitment relations. Those and other findings of experiments we conducted all point to the existence of two, mutually independent forms of social intelligence-one for detecting the nature of interpersonal relations and the other for detecting character traits of other individuals that govern their behavior independent of social environment. Furthermore, these two forms of social intelligence are theorized to have differential levels of importance according to nature of social environments, especially the general level of opportunity costs. Under social environments n which the general level of opportunity costs is high, people would naturally invest cognitive resources in the development of the second type of social intelligence, become able to detect lack of trustworthiness in others, and thus come to afford to have a high level of "default" expectations for other people's trustworthiness. Less

  • Research Products

    (42 results)

All Other

All Publications (42 results)

  • [Publications] 山岸 俊男: "信頼とコミットメント形成一実験研究" 実験社会心理学研究. 35. 23-24 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 高橋 伸幸: "利他的行動の社会関係的基盤" 実験社会心理学研究. 36. 1-11 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 山岸 俊男: "社会的不確実性のもとでの信頼とコミットメント" 社会心理学研究. 11(3). 206-216 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 清成 透子: "コミットメント形成による部外者に対する信頼の低下" 実験社会心理学研究. 36(1). 56-67 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 山岸 みどり: "国際比較質問紙調査における黙従傾向統制のための方法" 社会心理学研究. 12(1). 33-42 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 神信人: "双方向依存性と“最小条件パラダイム"" 心理学研究. 67(2). 77-85 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 渡部 幹: "互酬性の期待にもとづく1回限りの囚人のジレンマにおける協力行動" 実験社会心理学研究. 36(2). 183-196 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 林 直保子: "“非合理的"協力行動の社会関係的基盤-選択的プレイパラダイムのもとでの実験研究-" 心理学研究. 67(6). 444-451 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 渡邊 席子: "“False Consensus"が“False"でなくなるとき-1回限りの囚人のジレンマを用いた実験研究-" 心理学研究. 67(6). 421-428 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 垣内 理希: "一般的信頼と依存度選択型囚人のジレンマ" 社会心理学研究. 12(3). 212-221 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 菊地 雅子: "他者の信頼性判断の正確さと一般的信頼-実験研究-" 実験社会心理学研究. 37(1). 23-36 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 神信人: "社会的ジレンマにおける集団協力ヒューリスティクスの効果" 社会心理学研究. 12(3). 190-198 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 山岸 俊男: "信頼の意味と構造-信頼とコミットメント関係に関する理論的・実証的研究-" INSS Journal. 2. 1-59 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Nahoko, Hayashi: "Selective play:Choosing partners in an iuncertain world." Personality and Social Psychology Review. 印刷中.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 山岸 俊男: "信頼の構造-こころと社会の進化ゲーム-" 東京大学出版会, 230 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio, Yamagishi: "Selective play:Social embeddedness of social dilemmas.Pp.363-384 in W.B.G.Liebrand & D.M.Messick(Eds.),Frontiers in Social Dilemma Research." Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 22 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 山岸 俊男: "「心と社会の均衡としての文化-関係の固定性と内集団ひいき-」柏木恵子、北山忍、東洋(編)『文化心理学-理論と実証-』" 東京大学出版会, 22 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 山岸 俊男: "「信頼と関係形成-比較「文化」的視点-」大渕憲一(編箸)『紛争解決の社会心理学』" ナカニシヤ出版, 22 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio, Yamagishi: "Trust and commitment as alternative responses to social uncertainty.In Mark Frunin(ed.),Network and Markets:Pacific Rim Investigations" Oxford University Press 印刷中,

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio, Yamagishi: "Trust and cooperation.In A.Kuper & J.Kuper(eds.),The Social Science Encyclopedia" Routledge 印刷中,

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio, Yamagishi: "In-group favoritism and culture of collectivism.In U.Kim,H.Kim,K.Kwak(eds.) The post-modern Psychology:East Asian Perspectives." Hana Medical Publishing Company 印刷中,

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi, Midori Yamagishi, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Nahoko Hayashi and Motoki Watabe.: "Trust and commitment formation." Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychlogy. 35. 23-34 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nobuyuki Takahashi and Toshio Yamagishi.: "Social relational foundations of altruistic behavior." Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychlogy. 36. 1-11 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi, Motoki Watabe, Nahoko Hayashi, Nobuyuki Takahashi and Midori Yamagishi: "Trust and commitment under social uncertainty." Research in Social Psychlogy. 11. 206-216 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tohko Kiyonari and Toshio Yamagishi: "Distrusting outsiders as a consequence of commitment formation." Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychlogy. 36. 56-67 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Midori Yamagishi, Motoko Kosugi, and Toshio Yamagishi: "A method to control for acquiescence reesponses in cross-cultural questionnaire studies." Research in Social Psychlogy. 12. 33-42 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nobuhiko Jin, Toshio Yamagishi, and Tohko Kiyonari: "Bilateral dependency and the minimal group paradigm." The Japanese Journal of Psychlogy. 67. 77-85 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Motoki Watabe, Shigeru Terai, Nahoko Hayashi, and Toshio Yamagishi: "Cooperation in the one-shot prisoner's dilemma based on expectations of reciprocity." Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychlogy. 36. 183-196 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nahoko Hayashi and Toshio Yamagishi: "A socio-relational basis of "irrational" cooperation : An experimental study with the selective-play paradigm." The Japanese Journal of Psychlogy. 67. 444-451 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yoriko Watanabe and Toshiko Yamagishi: "When "false consensus" stops being "false" : an experimental study with one-shot prisoner's dilemma." The Japanese Journal of Psychlogy. 67. 421-428 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Riki Kakiuchi and Toshio Yamagishi: "General trust and the dilemma of variable interdependency." Research in Social Psychlogy. 12. 212-221 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Masako Kikuchi, Yoriko Watanabe and Toshio Yamagishi.: "Judgment accuracy of other's trustworhiness and general trust : an experimental study." Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychlogy. 37. 23-36 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Jin Nobuhito and Toshio Yamagishi: "Group heuristics in social dilemma." Research in Social Psychlogy. 12. 190-198 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi and Hisashi Komiyama: "Significance and the structure of trust : Theoretical and empirical research on trust and commitment relations." INSS Journal. 2. 1-59 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nahoko Hayashi and Toshio Yamagishi: "Selective play : Choosing partners in an uncertain world." Personality and Social Psychlogy Review. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi: The structure of trust : Evolutionary games of the mind and the society.University of Tokyo Press, (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi and Nahoko Hayashi: Selective play : Social embeddedness of social dilemmas. Pp.363-384 in W.B.G.Liebrand & D.M.Messick (Eds.), Frontiers in Social Dilemma Research. Springer-Verlag., (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi: Culture as an equilibrium between the mind and the society : Strength of social relations and ingrup-favoritism Pp.198-219 in Keiko Kashiwagi, Shinobu Kitayama and Hiroshi Azuma (eds.), Cultural psychology : Theory and research.Tokyo. Tokyo Univrsity Press.,

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi: Trust and formation of relations : A cross "cultural" perspective. Pp.321-342 in Kenichi Ohbuchi (ed.), Social psychology of conflict resolution. Nakanishiya Shuppan, (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi: Trust and commitment as alternative responses to social uncertainty. In Mark Frunin (ed.), Networks and Markets : Pacific Rim Investigations. Oxford University. (In Press),

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi: Trust and cooperation. In A.Kuper & J.Kuper (eds.), The Social Science Encyclopedia, 2^<nd> ed. Routledge. (In Press.),

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Toshio Yamagishi, Nobuhito Jin & Alan S.Miller: In-group favoritism and culture of collectivism. In Uichol Kim, Hai-Sook Kim, Keum-Joo Kwak (Eds.) The Post-Modern Psychology : East Asian Perspectives. Hana Medical Publishing company : Seoul, Korea. (In Press.),

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1999-03-16   Modified: 2021-09-24  

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