1996 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Effects of profound deafness on the plasticity of central auditory system
| Project/Area Number |
07457399
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Otorhinolaryngology
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
NAITO Yasushi Kyoto University, Hearing and Speech Science, Lecturer, 医学研究科, 講師 (70217628)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
FUJIKI Nobuya Kyoto University, Hearing and Speech Science, Instructor, 医学研究科, 助手 (20271009)
NAGAMINE Takashi Kyoto University, Brain Pathophysiology, Instructor, 医学研究科, 助手 (10231490)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1995 – 1996
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| Keywords | cochlear implant / PET / speech recognition / auditoy cortex / neuronal activities / profound deafness |
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| Research Abstract |
Brain activities in three regions of interest during noise and speech sound hearing were measured in post-and prelingually deaf cochlear implant users and in normal subjects by using positron emission tomography (PET). In normal and postlingually deaf subjects, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the primary auditory area increased by about 10% with noise or speech sound hearing. Only speech sound increased rCBF in the auditory association area ; 2% rCBF increase for noise and 9 to 16% rCBF increase for speech stimulation. Consequently, it was suggested that the auditory association area is involved in speech sound recognition, and that postlingually deaf cochlear implant users may be using normal language networks in the auditory association area. In prelingually deaf cochlear implant users, on the other hand, both noise and speech induced rCBF increase in the primary auditory area was lower than in normal or postlingually deaf subjects ranging from 3 to 6%, and speech activation in the auditory association area was much less than in the oher two groups ranging from 1 to 3%. Development of neural networks in the central auditory cortex may be incomplete or take different courses if the subjects lose hearing in early life. Networks for spoken language recognition may not develop normally without appropriate speech sound stimulation during so called speech acquisition period. It has been reported that prelingually deaf infants who received cochlear implant around the age of 2 and 3 acquire good recognition and production of speech. Whether cortical language networks in such children develop normally or not may be elucidated in the future PET study.
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[Publications] Shigeru Hirano, Hisayoshi Kojima, Yasushi Naito, Iwao Honjo, Yoko Kamoto, Hidehiko Okazawa, Koic hi Ishizu, Yoshiharu Yonekura, Yasuhiro Nagahama, Hidenao Fukuyama, Junji Konishi: "Cortical speech mechanisms while vocalizing visually presented languages" NeuroReport. 8. 363-367 (1997)
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Hidehiko Okazawa, Yasushi Naito, Yoshiharu Yonekura, Norihiro Sadato, Shigeru Hirano, Sadahiko Nishizawa, Yasuhiro Magata, Koichi Ishizu, Nagara Tamaki, Iwao Honjo, Junji Konishi: "Cochlear implant efficiency in pre-and postlingually deaf subjects. A study with H215O and PET." Brain. 119. 1297-1306 (1996)
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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