1996 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Critical Phenomena in Gravitational Collapse and the Black Hole Evaporation
| Project/Area Number |
07640390
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
素粒子・核・宇宙線
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
TOMIMATSU Akira Nagoya University, Department of Physics, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (10034612)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1995 – 1996
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| Keywords | Critical Gravitational Collapse / Quantum Evaporation / Black Hole Physics / Quantum Gravity / General Relativity |
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| Research Abstract |
Black holes physics has attracted much attention to investigate interesting properties of strong gravity. However, the main depvelopments of the research area have been limited to stationary black holes. This research project is to study in detail dynamical black holes in spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field, with the purpose of finding new aspects in classical and quantum levels especially in terms of the critical phenomena and the quantum evaporation. 1. For scalar field collapse some critical phenomena in black hole formation occur as a result of the interaction between self-gravity and wave dispersion. By using the self-similar model of the critical collapse, the dynamical evolution of field variables is quantized under the canonical formalism, and the wave function of evaporating black hole is explicitly derived. This is the first successful example to show the effect of quantum gravity in black hole dynamics. 2. The classical dynamics of scalar field collapse is more extensively studied, and the mass-scaling law of near-critical black holes is found to be due to the generation of an oscillatory mode of scalar fielddisturbing the self-similar collapse. The critical exponent of the mass-scaling law is shown to be determined by the period of the oscillation. The dynamical behavior near the central singularity is also pointed out to be crucial to the black hole mass. 3. A new definition of the surface gravity for dynamical black holes, which gives thermal temperature in quantum evaporation, is proposed. Then, the quantum evaporation shown in the self-similar model is claimed to be a non-thermal process. The more extensive models of quantum critical collapse will be investigated in future works to establish such a non-thermal (dynamical) property of evaporating black holes.
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