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2001 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

初期宇宙の探求

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07CE2002
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

佐藤 勝彦  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (00111914)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 吉井 譲  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (00158388)
野本 憲一  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (90110676)
牧島 一夫  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (20126163)
川崎 雅裕  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (50202031)
岡村 定矩  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (20114423)
Keywords宇宙の大構造 / 超新星 / 銀河団 / 暗黒物質 / 反物質 / 宇宙X線γ線 / 科学衛星 / 宇宙の化学進化
Research Abstract

COEプログラム最終年度として、これまでの研究を総括するとともに、新しい研究動向を提示した。これらは、今後の宇宙物理学における指標となるであろう。具体的な成果は以下の通りである。
1.太陽フレア、電波銀河などで、粒子加速現象を詳しく研究した。銀河系外の大光度X線源では連星周期の可能性を発見し、ブラックホール連星の可能性を強めた。白色わい星での共鳴散乱の効果を検証した。ASTRO-E IIに搭載される硬X線検出器(HXD)の再製作に着手した。
2.マグナム望遠鏡が稼動を開始し、近傍の活動銀河のモニター観測データから可視変動に対する近赤外変動の遅延時間がかつてない精度で得られた。これらの遅延時間の測定値は我々が提案している距離測定の新手法の原理から予想される大きさに合致しており、我々が提案する方法が有望であることを確実にした。
3.銀河の広域サーベイ観測を継続するとともに、これまでに集積されたデータを解析して研究を進めた。主な成果は、赤方偏移6.28のクエーサーから宇宙の再電離時期を推定したことである。すばる遠鏡用の広視野カメラで、SDSSのデータと比較する過去の銀河の性質を調べる研究を進めた。
4.昨年度に引き続いて、富士山頂サブミリ波望遠鏡による中性炭素原子スペクトル線の観測を行った、おうし座暗黒星雲、へびつかい座暗黒星雲の観測を進め、新たに分子雲形成領域の候補を見出した。また、HII領域と相互作用する分子雲をサーベイし、HII領域が分子雲の形成、破壊に与える影響を議論した。
5.太陽は22年の磁場のサイクルを持ち、その磁極は11年ごとの太陽活動極大期に反転する。平成11年と平成12年の間に起きたこの極性反転が宇宙線に与える影響を、BESS実験では陽子と反陽子の観測を通して明確に捉えた。このデータから、電荷依存性を組み込んだ太陽変調モデルが観測結果を再現することを示した。
6.スピン結合型ニュートラリーノ探索を行い、陽子と中性子に対する結合定数の2次元パラメータ領域内で、DAMAおよびUKグループによる制限領域の一部を排除した。Axion Helioscopeにより天球のスキャンおよび銀河中心、さそり座X-1、帆座X-1及びかに星雲の追尾測定を行った。
7.膜(ブレーン)宇宙論の誕生進化像の基礎研究を行った。具体的には安定性、ブラックホール解、ホログラフィック等について調べた。超新星ニュートリノに対する地球効果を調べ、よりニュートリノの質量等への制限が強くなる可能性を指摘した。更に、中性子星中の物性、特にパスタ状の多体核系の熱力学的性質を調べ、その宇宙物理学的応用を議論した。
8.宇宙論的大規模シミュレーションを用いて、天体分布のクラスタリングの定量化を行い、ダークマター分布の非線形進化モデル、宇宙論的観測における光円錐効果の影響について詳しく解析した。更に、重力レンズ効果を用いたダークマターハローのコア構造を探る新しい方法論を確立した。
9.超対称インフレーション宇宙におけるバリオン数生成をアフレック・ダイン機構とその伴って作られるQボールの生成に着目して調べた。超対称性がゲージ相互作用によって伝えられる理論的枠組みではQボールの存在はバリオン数生成を阻害するためモデルに強い制限を与えることを示した。
10.最近出現した極超新星SN 1999asおよびSN 2002apの爆発モデルを構築した。SN 1999asは、これまで知られている極超新星より質量の大きな星のさらに規模の大きい大爆発であるのに対し、SN 2002apの方は、通常の超新星に近い規模の爆発である。このような系統的関係の発見は、初めてである。
11.初期質量が太陽の20倍であることが知られている最も詳しく観測された超新星SN 1987Aから検出されたr-過程元素のひとつであるBaの合成量を爆発の流体力学的モデルをもとに推定し、ハローの星から推定される太陽の20倍の質量を持つ星から供給されるBaの量と極めて合っていることを示した。
12.高次元統一理論の現象論的研究を進めた。1)SU(5)_<GUT>×U(3)_Hのゲージ群を持つセミシンプル統一模型の様々な特徴が、D3-D7ブレーンをもつ高次元のタイプIIB超重力理論を考えると自然に現われる事を示した。2)クォークやレプトンの世代数の起源が高次元の超対称性とそのアノマリーの相殺にある可能性を指摘した。

  • Research Products

    (101 results)

All Other

All Publications (101 results)

  • [Publications] T.Oka: "Atomic Carbon and CO Isotope Emission in the Vicinity of DR15"Astrophys. J. 558. 176-184 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Yamamoto: "Observation of the CI 3P2-3P1 Line toward the Orion KL Region"Astrophys. J. 547. L165-L169 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Yamamoto: "Fourier Thansform Millimeter-wave Spectroscopy of Chiorocarbene (HCCl)"Journal of Chemical Physics. 115. 6007-6001 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Maihara: "Subaru Deep Survey I. Near-Infrared Observations"Publ. Astr. Soc. Japan. 53. 25-36 (2001)

  • [Publications] X.Fan: "High-Redshift Quasars Found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data III A Color-Selected Sample at i^*<20 in the Fall Equatorial Stripe"Astrophys. J. 121. 31-53 (2001)

  • [Publications] F.J.Castander: "The First Hour of Extragalactic Data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Spectroscopic Commissioning: The Coma Cluster"Astrophys. J. 121. 2331-2357 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.R.Blanton: "The Luminosity Function of Galaxies in SDSS Commissioning Data"Astrophys. J. 121. 2358-2380 (2001)

  • [Publications] F.Yoshida: "First Subaru Observations of Sub-km Main Belt Asteroids"Publ. Astr. Soc. Japan. 53. L13-L16 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Ouchi: "Clustering Properties of Galaxies at z〜4 in the Subaru/XMM Deep Survey Field"Astrophys. J. Lett. 558. L83-L86 (2001)

  • [Publications] N.Yasuda: "Galaxy Number Counts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissionig Data"Astrophys. J. 122. 1104-1124 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Shimasaku: "Statistical Properties of Bright Galaxies in the SDSS Photometric System"Astrophys. J. 122. 1238-1250 (2001)

  • [Publications] I.Strateva: "Color Separation of Galaxy Types in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging Data"Astrophys. J. 122. 1861-1874 (2001)

  • [Publications] B.Mobasher: "A Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Dwarf and Giant Galaxies in the Coma Cluster-II. Spectroscopic Observations"Astrophys. J. Suppl.. 137. 279-296 (2001)

  • [Publications] B.Poggianti: "A Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Dwarf and Giant Galaxies in the Coma Cluster-III. Spectral Ages and Metallicities"Astrophys. J. 562. 689-712 (2001)

  • [Publications] B.Poggianti: "A Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Dwarf and Giant Galaxies in the Coma Cluster-IV Ages of SO and Elliptical Galaxies"Astrophys. J. 563. 118-123 (2001)

  • [Publications] F.Nakata: "Galaxy Population in a Cluster of Galaxies around the Radio Galaxy 3C324 at z=1.2"Publ. Astr. Soc. Japan. 53. 1139-1152 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Kodama: "The Transformation of the Photometric Properties of Galaxies within the Large Scale Structure around a z=0.41 Cluster"Astrophys.J.Lett. 562. L9-L13 (2001)

  • [Publications] X.Fan: "A Survey of z>5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Discoveiy of Thre New Quasars and the Spatial Density of Luminous Quasars at z〜6"Astro.J. 122. 2833-2849 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Yagi: "Luminosity Functions of 10 Nearby Clusters of Galaxies. I. The Data"Astron. J. 123. 66-86 (2002)

  • [Publications] M.Yagi: "Luminosity Functions of 10 Nearby Clusters of Galaxies. II. Analysis of the Luminosity Function"Astron. J. 123. 87-99 (2002)

  • [Publications] Y.Komiyama: "A Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Dwarf and Giant Galaxies in the Coma Cluster-I. Wide-area Photometric Survey : Observation and Data Analysis"Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series. 138. 265-278 (2002)

  • [Publications] M.Yoshida: "Discovery of Extremely Extended Ionized Gas around the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 4388"Astrophys. J. 567. 118-129 (2002)

  • [Publications] S.Okamura: "Dwarf Galaxy Population in the Coma Cluster from a Large Spectroscopic Sample"Proc. The Birth and Evolution of the Universe. 207-216 (2001)

  • [Publications] H.Furusawa: "New Improved Photometric Redshifts of Galaxies in the HDF"The Birth and Evolution of the Universe. 351-352 (2001)

  • [Publications] F.Nakata: "Probing the Evolution of Ear1y-Type Galaxies using Multicolor Number Counts and Redshift Distributions"Proc. The Birth and Evolition of the Uninerse. 391-392 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Okamura: "Luminosity Functions of R ^{1/4} -like and Exponential-like Galaxies in Nearby Clusters of Galaxies"Proc.The New Era of Wide-Field Astronomy, ASP Conf. Series. 232. 158-160 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Okamura: "Quasars, Black Holes, and Galaxies"Proc. 29th International Symposium of the National Academy of Sciences, Republic of Korea, The Universe, Its Origin, Evolution and Future. 55-78 (2001)

  • [Publications] G.Watanabe: "Effects of Neutrino Trapping on Thermodynamic Properties of Nuclear "Pasta""Nucl. Phys.. A687. 512-531 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Nagataki: "Implications of the Discovery of Millisecond Pulsar in SN 1987A"Prog. Theor. Phys.. 105. 429-436 (2001)

  • [Publications] A.Chamblin: "Charged Brane-World black Holes"Phys. Rev.. D6. 064015 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Takahashi: "The Earth effects on the supernova neutrino spectra"Phys. Lett.. B510. 189-196 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Shiromizu: "Anti-deSitter No-Hair AdS/CET and the Brane-Worid"Phys. Rev.. D64. 044015 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Takahashi: "Effects of Neutrino Oscillation on the Supernova Neutrino Spectrum"Phys. Rev.. D64. 093004 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Shiromizu: "Stability of AdS_p xS^∧nxS^∧{q-n} Compactifications"Phys. Rev.. D64. 084025 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Iida: "Formation of Nuclear "Pasta" in Cold Neutron Star Matter"Prog. Theor. Phys.. 106. 551-559 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Shiromizu: "Gravitational energy dS/CIFT correspondence and cosmic no-hair"JHEP. 0111. 010 (2001)

  • [Publications] H.Ochiai: "Vacuum Brane and the Bulk Dynamics in Dilatonic Brane World"Phys. Lett.. B503. 404-412 (2001)

  • [Publications] D.Ida: "Semiclassical Instability of the Brane-World: Randall-Sundrum bubble"Phys. Rev.. D65. 023504 (2002)

  • [Publications] C.Hikage: "Genus Statistics for Galaxy Clusters and Nonlinear Biasing of Dark Matter Halos"Astrophys. J. 556. 641-652 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Fukushige: "The mean pairwise peculiar velocity in cosmological N-body simulation : time variation, scale dependence and stable condition"Astrophys. J. 557. L11-L14 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Yoshikawa: "Nonlinear Stochastic Biasing of Galaxies and Dark Halos in Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations"Astrophys. J. 558. 520-534 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Oguri: "Probing the Core Structure of Dark Halos with Tangential and Radial Arc Statistics"Astrophys. J. 559. 572-583 (2001)

  • [Publications] I.Kayo: "Probability Distribution Function of Cosmological Density Fluctuations from Gaussian Initial Condition Comparison of One and Two-point Log-normal Model Predictions with N-body Simulations"Astrophys. J. 561. 22-34 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Hamana: "Clustering of dark matter halos on the lighttone scale time, and mass dependence of the halo biasing in the Hubble volume simulations"Astrophys. J. Lett.. 561. L143-L146 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.P.Jing: "Spatial correlation functions and the pairwise peculiar velocity dispersion of galaxies in the PSCz survey. implications for the galaxy biasing in cold dark matter models"Astrophys. J. 564. 15-22 (2002)

  • [Publications] T.Suginohara: "Quasi-Self-Similar Evolution of the Two-Point Correlation Function : Strongly Nonlinear Regime in Ω<1 Universes"Astrophys. J. 566. 1-8 (2002)

  • [Publications] T.Maeno: "Successive Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Antiproton Spectrum in a Positive Phase of the Solar Cycle"Astroparticle Phys.. 16. 121-128 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Sanuki: "BESS data on primary cosmic rays and muons"Nucl.Phys. B (Proc. Supl.). 100. 121-123 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Shikaze: "A high-voltage power supply operating under a magnetic field"IEEE Trans Nuel.Sci.. 48. 535-540 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Motoki: "Precise Measurement of Atmospheric Muon Fluxes at Sea Level"Proc.27th Intl.Cosmic Ray Conf.(Hamburg). 927-930 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Sanuki: "Atmospheric muons at various altitudes"Proc.27th Intl.Cosmic Ray Conf.(Hamburg). 950-953 (2001)

  • [Publications] J.Z.Wang: "Isotopic measurements of cosmic-ray hydrogen and helium during the 1997 solar minimum"Proc.27th Intl.Cosmic Ray Conf.(Hamburg). 1671-1674 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Asaoka: "Precise measurements of cosmic-ray antiproton spectrum following the solar field reversal"Proc.27th Intl.Cosmic Ray Conf.. 1699-1702 (2001)

  • [Publications] A.Yamamoto: "A search for antihelium with the BESS spectrometer"Proc.27th Intl.Cosmic Ray Conf.(Hamburg). 2135-2138 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Asaoka: "Absolute calibration of the antiproton detection efficiency for BESS below 1 GeV with an accelerator beam test at KEK-PS"Proc.27th Intl.Cosmic Ray Conf.(Hamburg). 2139-2142 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Yoshimura: "Cosmic-Ray Antiprotons and Antomuclei"Adv. Space Res.. 27. (4)693-(4)703 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Maeno: "Precise Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Antiproton Spectrum in a Positive Phase of the Solar Cycle"Adv. Space Res.. 27. (4)711-(4)716 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Sanuki: "Precise Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Hydrogen and Helium Spectra with BESS"Adv. Space Res.. 27. (4)771-(4)774 (2001)

  • [Publications] J.Z.Wang: "Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Hydrogen, Helium and their Isotopic Composition with the BESS Experiment"Astrophys. J.. 564. 244-259 (2002)

  • [Publications] Y.Asaoka: "Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Low-Energy Antiproton and Proton Spectra in a Thansient Period of Solar Field Reversal"Phys. Rev. Lett.. 86. 051101 (2002)

  • [Publications] Y.Ezoe: "Study of the Long-Term X-Ray Variability of a Possible Quasar RX J0957.9+6903 with ASCA"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 69-78 (2001)

  • [Publications] N.Isobe: "ASCA Observations of the BL Lacertae Object OJ 287 in 1997 April and November"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 79-84 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Isihara: "Water-Vapor Maser Emission from the Seyfert 2 Galaxy IC 2560: Evidence for a Super-Massive Black Hole"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 215-225 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Makishima: "X-Ray Probing of the Central Regions of Clusters of Galaxies"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 401-420 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Matsumoto: "The FR-I Radio Galaxies NGC 315 and NGC 4261 Observed with ASCA"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 475-481 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Okada: "An X-Ray Emitting Supernova Remnant Candidate, M 33 X-4"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 663-668 (2001)

  • [Publications] H.Takahashi: "ASCA Observations of the Central Regions of M 31"Publ.Astr.Soc.Japan. 53. 875-883 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Tashiro: "X-Ray Measurements of the Field and Particle Energy Distributions in the West Lobe of the Radio Galaxy NGC 1316(Fornax A)"Astrophys. J. Lett.. 546. L19-L23 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Fukazawa: "Detection of Excess Hard X-Ray Emission from the Group of Galaxies HCG 62"Astrophys. J. Lett.. 546. L87-L90 (2001)

  • [Publications] A.Kubota: "Discovery of Spectral Thansitions from Two Ultraluminous Compact X-Ray Sources in IC 342"Astrophys. J.. 547. L119-L122 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Mizuno: "Spectral Variability of Ultraluminous Compact X-Ray Sonrces in Nearby Spiral Galaxies"Astrophys. J.. 554. 1282-1289 (2001)

  • [Publications] A.Kubota: "Observational Evidence for Strong Disk Comptonization GRO J1655-40"Astrophys. J.. 560. L147-L150 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Sugiho: "A Possible X-Ray Periodicity at Several Tens of Hours of an Ultraluminous Compact X-Ray Source in IC 342"Astrophys. J. Lett.. 561. L73-L76 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Uno: "X-Ray Spectrum of Supernova 1993J Observed with ASCA and Its Evolution 8-572 Days after the Explosion"Astrophys. J.. 565. 419-429 (2002)

  • [Publications] Y.Ueda: "The ASCA Medium Sensitivity Survey (the GIS Catalog Project): Source Catalog"Astrophys. J. Suppl.. 133. 1-52 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Terada: "X-ray beaming caused by resonance scattering in the accretion column of magnetic cataclysmic variables"Mon. Not. Roy Astr. Soc.. 328. 112-126 (2001)

  • [Publications] N.Iyomoto: "Long-term variability of the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus of M81"Mon. Not. Roy Astr. Soc.. 321. 767-775 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Fukazawa: "Excess hard X-ray emission from the obscured low luminosity AGN in the nearby galaxy M 51 (NGC 5194)"Asron. Astrophys.. 374. 73-82 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Minowa: "The LiF Dark Matter Experiment at Kamioka Mine"Proc. of the 3rd International Conference on Dark Matter in Astro-and Particle Physics. 610-614 (2001)

  • [Publications] Y.Inoue: "Recent results from the Tokyo axion helioscope experiment"Proc. of the 3rd International Workshop on the Identification of Dark Matter. 493-498 (2001)

  • [Publications] K.Miuchi: "Dark Matter Search with Lithium Fluoride at Kamioka"Proc. of the 3rd International Workshop on the Identification of Dark Matter. 391-396 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Minowa: "Dark Matter"Proc. of the International Workshop Low Energy Solar Neutrino Detection. sppplement. (2001)

  • [Publications] T.K.Suzuki: "A New Model for the Evolution of Light Elements in an Inhomogeneous Galactic Halo"Astrophys. J.. 549. 303-319 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Totani: "Diffuse Extragalactic Background light versus Deep Galaxy Counts in the Subaru Deep Field: Missing light in the Universe?"Astrophys. J.. 550. 137-141 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Totani: "Near Infrared Faint Galaxies in the Subaru Deep Field: Confronting the Theory with Observations for Galaxy Counts, Colors, and Size Distributions to K〜24.5"Astrophys. J.. 559. 592-605 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Totani: "Hyper-Extremely Red Objects in the Subaru Deep Field: Evidence for Primordial Elliptical Galaxies in Dusty Starburst Phase"Astrophys. J.. 558. L87-L91 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Nagashima: "Galaxy Number Counts in the Hubble Deep Field as a Strong Constraint on a Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Model"Astrophys. J.. 557. 505-518 (2001)

  • [Publications] H.Yahagi: "N-Body Code with Adaptive Mesh Refinement"Astrophys. J.. 558. 463-475 (2001)

  • [Publications] F.Iwamuro: "Fe II/Mg II Emission-Line Ratios of QSOs within 0<z<5.3"Astrophys. J.. 565. 63-77 (2002)

  • [Publications] T.Tsujimoto: "Chemical Evolution of Odd Elements in an Inhomogeneous Early Galaxy"Astrophys. J.. 565. 1011-1016 (2002)

  • [Publications] T.Tsujimoto: "SN 1987 A Revisited as a Major Production Site for r-Process Elements"Astrophys. j.. 561. L97-L100 (2001)

  • [Publications] T.Tsujimoto: "Chemical Evolution of Odd Elements in An Inhomogeneous Early Galaxy"Astrophys. j.. 566. 1011-1016 (2002)

  • [Publications] M.Kawasaki: "Vacuum Instability in Anomaly Mediation Models with Massive Neutrinos"Phys. Rev.. D63. 083510-1-083510-6 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Kawasaki: "Natural chaotic inflation in supergravity and leptogenesis"Phys. Rev.. D63. 103514-1-103514-8 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Kawasaki: "Radiative decay of a massive particle and the non-thermal"Phys. Rev.. D63. 103502-1-103502-7 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Kawasaki: "Adiabatic and isocurvature fluctuations of Affleck-Dine field in D-term inflation model"Phys. Lett.. B516. 388-394 (2001)

  • [Publications] M.Kawasaki: "Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy with Cosine-Type Quintessence"Phys. Rev.. D64. 083009-1-083009-11 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Kasuya: "Q-ball formation : Obstacle to Affleck-Dine baryogenesis in the gauge-mediated SUSY breaking?"Phys. Rev.. D64. 123515-1-123515-27 (2001)

  • [Publications] S.Kasuya: "Moduli Problem and Baryogenesis in Gauge-mediated SUSY Breaking Models"Phys. Rev.. D65. 063509-1-063509-12 (2002)

  • [Publications] 佐藤勝彦: "宇宙は我々の宇宙ではなかった"PHP文庫. 246 (2001)

  • [Publications] 岡村定矩: "天文学への招待"朝倉書店. 212 (2001)

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Published: 2003-09-12   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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