| Research Abstract |
We visited the rescarch institute under collaboration study in Semipalatinsk city of Kazakhstan twice in August 1994 and August 1997 to have a information of leukemia and thyroid cancer in this area. In general Kazakhstan population, the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors is shown for esophageal cancer followed by gastric cancer, liver and colon cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer and leukemia. The contaminated atea, is divided into three areas according to the grade of the contamination ; maximal contaminated area (the accumulated dose was 100-500 cSv from 1945 to 1989 year), increased contaminated area (7-35 cSv), and minimal contaminatedand 4.3(1963-1976), and 2.0 and 4.8 area(0-7 cSv). The mortality rate for leukemia in the minimal and maximal contaminated area was 2.2 and 5.0 per 10^5 population per year (1963-1976), 1.56(1979-1986), respectively, indicating that the mortality rate in the maximal contaminated area tends to be higher. In addition, recent
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the total number of leukemia occurred in maximal and increased contaminated area was available, showing to be 21(1985 year), 10(1986), 13(1987), 13(1988), 12(1989), 19(1990), 14(1991), 9(1992), 14(1993), 15(1994), 10(1995) and 1(1996). The analysis of these data on the basis of morphology is under way. In the future, the leukemia cases that occured in maximal contaminated area should be studied to reveal the molecular mechanism of radiation-induced leukemia in Semipalatinsk.
We visited both Semipalatinsk city hospital and Semipalatinsk children's hospital to review newly diagnosed leukemia cases on the basis of morphology. We obtained several smears for the molecular biological study, including p53, N-ras and c-kit gene analysis. Additionally, we exchanged the opinions concerning the education of hematologists and technitians to level up their hematologic knowledges and thchniques. As for thyroid cancer, the number of the operated in the Semipalatinsk city hospital is increasing recently. However, perecise dada were not available. Less
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